牛津高一英语语法.doc
《牛津高一英语语法.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《牛津高一英语语法.doc(28页珍藏版)》请在咨信网上搜索。
1、牛津高中英语语法复习(模块1-模块4)(2011-08-24 18:37:46)转载标签:教育分类:社会百科语法复习一:定语从句(一)定义1)在复合句中(一个句子的某一成分由句子承当),修饰某一名词或代词从句叫定语从句或形容词从句;在句中起定语的作用.2)被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词antecedent1)The manwholives next to us is a policeman.先行词关系代词定语从句2)You must doeverythingthatI do.先行词关系代词定语从句(二):关系代词的作用;1.连接主句和从句。2.代表被修饰的先行词。3.在定语从句做一个句子成分。e
2、g.This isthe roomwhichI lived in last year.先行词关系代词定语从句(三):定语从句中有关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that, as.关系副词 when, where, why等引导定语从句。(四):用关系代词还是用关系副词关系代词起代词的作用,关系副词起副词的作用,因此同样的先行词,选用什么样的关系词,要由它在定语从句中担任的逻辑作用来决定。关系代词词行先行词充当成分who人主、宾、表Whom人宾That人&物主、宾、表Which物主、宾、表As物主、宾Whose=of whomof which人&物定语关系副词When
3、=atinonduring which时间状Where=atinto which地点状Why=for which原因状that 在口语中可以代替关系副词以上三者状This is the placewherewe work.(vi.) (关系词所做的成分关键是有从句中的动词来决定的)This is the placewhichwe visited. (vt. )种类先行词关联词例句说明定语从句(人)在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主语或宾语whowhichThis is the doctor who saved the boys life .这就是救了孩子生命的医生。She is the new
4、 student whom I want to introduce to you .她就是我要介绍给你的新学生Please pass me the book which is lying on the table.请递给我摆在桌上的那本书。The novel which Tom bought is very interesting.汤姆买的小说很有意思。Can you lend me the magazine about which you talked yesterday?你能把昨天谈到的那本杂志借给我吗?who在从句中做主语whom在从句中做宾语,口语中who可以代替whom,也可以被省去
5、,但做介词宾语时只能用whomwhich在从句中做主语。which充当宾语时可以省去。which做介词宾语不可省定语从句人或物的whoseThe professor whose daughter teaches you English is Dr. Williams那位教授是威廉斯他的女儿教你英语。The professor, the daughter of whom teaches you English is Dr. Williams.The bike whose brake was damaged has now been repaired.那辆坏了闸的自行车现在已经修好了。=The b
6、ike the brake of which was damaged has now been repairedwhose在从句中做定语指某人的也可以用of whom代替whose指物时也可以用of which 代替 whose人或thatThe woman that is playing the piano is Miss Zhang.正在弹钢琴的那位妇女是张小姐。Id like to see the films that are just on show.我想看那些刚上映的电影。that指人做主语that指物做主语种类先行词关联词例句说明物all, littlemuch和some,any
7、every ,no 构成的合成代词人或物thatthatThey talked for about an hour of things andpersons that they remember in the school.他们谈起他们所记得起的学校里的人和事,谈了大约有半个小时。Ill tell you all(that )I know about it .我要告诉你我所知道这件事的一切情况。Is there anything (that) I can do for you?有什么我可以帮助做的事吗?Ive brought everything (that )you need.我把你需要的东
8、西都拿来了。This is the best film that I have seen .这是我看过的最好的一部电影。The first place that well visit is Beijing Library.我们要参观的第一个地方是北京图书馆先行词分别表示人和物,关系代词要用that,不用who或which先行词表示物,关系代词用that不用which, 在从句中做宾语可省去 。如果先行词是人时,关系代词不受制约,用that或who (whom)均可先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时定语从句用that引导。定语从句人或物thatHe is the only person that
9、 is believable.他是唯一可靠的人。John is the very person that she wants to see.约翰正是她要见的人。Who is the man that is talking with Tom ?正在和汤姆谈话的人是谁?Which of the books that you bought is easy to read?你买的那些书中哪一本容易读。先行词被the only, the very,the same 等修饰时用关系代词that.当主句以who、which开头的特殊疑问句时,定语从句要用that时间whenHe came at a time
10、 when we. needed him most.他在我们最需要的时候来了。Well never forget the day when the Peoples Republic of China was founded.我们永远不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的那一天。在定语从句中作时间状语注:先行词是time, minute, moment, next time很少用关系副词when,可用that 但通常省去。地点whereThis is the room where he put up for the night.这就是他渡过夜晚的那房子。在定语从句中作地点状语原因理由whyI know t
11、he reason why she studies so well .我知道她学习好的原因。在定语从句中作原因状语This is the placewherework.(vi.) (关系词所做的成分关键是有从句中的动词来决定的)This is the placewhichwe visited. (vt. )(五):限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句从句与先行词的关系从句是先行词不可缺少的定语,如果省去,主句的意思就会不完整或不明确。从句只是对先行词的附加说明,如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整标点从句和主句之间不用逗号分开从句和主句之间通常用逗号分开关系代词指
12、人who (that) whom指物which (that)人和物whose关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省去指人who(作主语)whom(做宾语)指物which人和物的whose关系代词一般不可省修饰从句只修饰一个名词或代词可以修饰一个名词或代词也可修饰整个主句翻译定语从句译在被修饰词的前面定语从句通常被译成另一个独立的句子限制性非限制性形式上无逗号有逗号内容上先行词不是唯一的先行词是唯一的,定语从句可有可无。关系词可用that ,why.作宾语可以省略不可用that ,why。关系词一律不省。先行词名词或代词名词或代词,也可以使整个句子汉语翻译译作定语译成并列句1二者差异比较限制定语从句紧跟
13、先行词,同先行词之间一般不加逗号,仅修饰先行词,可以由关系代词关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明,用逗号与主句隔开,既可修饰先行词,又可修饰整个主句,不可用that引导。He has a brother who is a physicist.He has a brother, who is a physicist. (只有一个)He returned all the books which are written in English.He returned all the books, which are written in English.I will wear n
14、o clothes which will be out of ordinary.I will wear no clothes, which will be out of ordinary.The man who lives next door is a doctor.My sister, who lives next door, is a doctor.Im sure I know the person who served me.Tom, who served us, is the owner of the restaurant.A student who studies hard will
15、 make good progress.The student, who lives far from school, is the leader of their football match.(六)关系代词that和which的区别 只能用that的情况(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none ,few.等不定代词,关系代词一般只用that,不用which。例如:All the people that are present burst into tears.Everything
16、that we saw was interesting.Im interested in everything that I dont know.All that is needed is a supply of oil.(2) 如果先等词被 all ,little none any, only, few, much, no, some, very等词修饰,关系代词常用that,不用which.例如:I read all the books that you gave to me.This is the only money that I have in my pocket.All the m
17、oney that was collected was given to the Hope Project.(3) 如果先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或者先行词是最高级时,关系代词常用that,不用which。This is the first book that was written in English.This is the last factory that I visited.This is the best film that I have ever seen.This is the funniest thing that I ever heard.(4) 如果先等词被the
18、only ,the very , the same ,the last修饰,关系代词常用that,不用which.This is the only book that I really like.He was the only person in the office that was invited to the ball.(5) 先行词有两个,一个指人,一个指物,关系代词应该用that。而不用who, which.例如: The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.He talked about the teach
19、ers and schools that he had visited.(6)who ,which开头的特殊疑问句中,关系代词用that.Who is the person that is standing there?Which of us that knows English doesnt know this?which of the novel do you like best?(7) 关系代词作表语时,关系代词用that.It took us many years to make the city that it is today.He is not the man that he u
20、sed to be.China isnt the country it used to be.(8) 先行词是奇数词或是序数词时,关系代词用that .Yesterday I caught two fish. Now you can see the two that are still alive in the basin of water.(9) 当主句 “ there be “开头时,关系代词要用that 引导的定语从句修饰该句型的主语。There are four desks in the middle of the office that are used for the teache
21、rs.(10) 当先行词是 “ to be “ 后面的表语时关系代词用that .This is the dictionary that was bought in the bookstore yesterday.只能用which的情况1) 非限制性定语从句中,不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。如:There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated.Bei jing , which is chinas capital, is rich
22、 in culture.2)those/that +名词后的定语从句用which引导。不能用关系代词that。That pen which he took is mine.A shop should keep those goods which sells well.3) 介词后只用whichThis is the room in which he lived.I dont know the man to whom you talked.The chair on which he is sitting is made of wood.(4) which还有一种特殊用法,它可以引导从句修饰前面的
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 牛津 英语语法
1、咨信平台为文档C2C交易模式,即用户上传的文档直接被用户下载,收益归上传人(含作者)所有;本站仅是提供信息存储空间和展示预览,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容不做任何修改或编辑。所展示的作品文档包括内容和图片全部来源于网络用户和作者上传投稿,我们不确定上传用户享有完全著作权,根据《信息网络传播权保护条例》,如果侵犯了您的版权、权益或隐私,请联系我们,核实后会尽快下架及时删除,并可随时和客服了解处理情况,尊重保护知识产权我们共同努力。
2、文档的总页数、文档格式和文档大小以系统显示为准(内容中显示的页数不一定正确),网站客服只以系统显示的页数、文件格式、文档大小作为仲裁依据,平台无法对文档的真实性、完整性、权威性、准确性、专业性及其观点立场做任何保证或承诺,下载前须认真查看,确认无误后再购买,务必慎重购买;若有违法违纪将进行移交司法处理,若涉侵权平台将进行基本处罚并下架。
3、本站所有内容均由用户上传,付费前请自行鉴别,如您付费,意味着您已接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不进行额外附加服务,虚拟产品一经售出概不退款(未进行购买下载可退充值款),文档一经付费(服务费)、不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
4、如你看到网页展示的文档有www.zixin.com.cn水印,是因预览和防盗链等技术需要对页面进行转换压缩成图而已,我们并不对上传的文档进行任何编辑或修改,文档下载后都不会有水印标识(原文档上传前个别存留的除外),下载后原文更清晰;试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓;PPT和DOC文档可被视为“模板”,允许上传人保留章节、目录结构的情况下删减部份的内容;PDF文档不管是原文档转换或图片扫描而得,本站不作要求视为允许,下载前自行私信或留言给上传者【w****g】。
5、本文档所展示的图片、画像、字体、音乐的版权可能需版权方额外授权,请谨慎使用;网站提供的党政主题相关内容(国旗、国徽、党徽--等)目的在于配合国家政策宣传,仅限个人学习分享使用,禁止用于任何广告和商用目的。
6、文档遇到问题,请及时私信或留言给本站上传会员【w****g】,需本站解决可联系【 微信客服】、【 QQ客服】,若有其他问题请点击或扫码反馈【 服务填表】;文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“【 版权申诉】”(推荐),意见反馈和侵权处理邮箱:1219186828@qq.com;也可以拔打客服电话:4008-655-100;投诉/维权电话:4009-655-100。