外研版高中英语必修二Module3知识详解.doc

必修二Module3
Ⅰ. 单词荟萃
1. poser n.作曲家→ vt.创作，作曲；组成→ n.作文，作曲→posed adj.由...组成的
2. n. 音乐家→music n.音乐 → adj.音乐的
3. n.指挥→direct v.指挥，指导→ n.方向→ adj直接的
4. lose v.失去→ n.损失→ adj.迷失的，丢失的
5. tour vt.&n.巡回演出；观光，旅游→ n.旅游者→ n.旅游业
6. talent n.天分，天赋 → adj.有天赋的→ n.天分，天赋（同义词）
7. vt.&n.影响→influential adj.有影响的
8. vt.&n.录音，记录，唱片→recorder n.录音机
9. mix vt.是混合→ n.混合物
Ⅱ.短语检测
1．因...而出名 6．变聋
2．把..变成 7．对...有影响
3．有史以来 8．分裂
4．到...时为止 9．记录
5．对...印象深刻 10．没门儿
Ⅲ.佳句再现
1．Having worked for 30 years, Haydn moved to London.
2．By the time he was 14, Mozart had posed many pieces for the harpsichord,piano and violin, as well as for orchestras.
3．While he was still a teenager,Mozart was already a big star and toured Europe giving concerts.
4. However, it was Haydn who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.
5. As He grew older, he began to go deaf.
Ⅳ.单元语法
1. lose vt. 丢失，丢失；输；浪费（时间）
(1)loss n. 丢失，损失
lost adj. 失去的，丢失的；迷路的，不知所措的
(2)lose one’s way 迷路
be/get lost 迷路，迷失
(3) be lost in 迷上；陷入
be lost in thought 陷入深思
(4)lose heart 灰心，泄气
lose one’s heart to 爱上...
lose sight of 看不见...了
(5)be at a loss(to do sth.) 困惑，不知所措
【温馨提示】
lose表示“输，失败”时，可以作及物动词或不及物动词，但表示“丢失，失去，损失”等意义时，作及物动词，因此，当所丢失/丢失的东西作主语时，要用be lost
【易混辨析】lost，missing和gone
(1) lost用于修饰物时是“丢失了的”之意。如：a lost pen，one’s lost youth；用于修饰人时是“迷茫的，不知所措的”。如：We would be lost without your help.
(2) missing 有“失踪的，行踪不明的”之意，因此“小孩失踪”应用missing。修饰物时，意为“缺少的，不在的”如：There is a page missing from this book.
(3) gone 意为“（人）离开了；（物品等）用光的，没了”；还可以指“一去不复返的”等。如：He is gone. / All his money is gone.
【活学活用】
(1) He didn’t find his cell phone until he got home.
直到回到家，他才发现自己的手机丢了
(2) He by lee than 100 votes.他以相差不到100票输了
(3) I’m what to do next. 我不知道下一步怎么办
(4) ,he almost ran into the car in front of him.
由于想得太出神了，他几乎撞上他前面的汽车
(5) The girl was found by the river at last.失踪的女孩最后在河边被找到了
(6) When he turned back, his father was already .当他转过身来时，父亲已经走了
2. encourage vt.鼓励；怂恿
(1) encouraging adj. 令人鼓舞的
encouragement n. 鼓励；怂恿；支持
courage n. 勇气
(2) encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
【活学活用】用courage，encourage或encouragement填空
(1) We should a man to work better.
(2) The soldier showed great in the battle.
(3) Students should be given more instead of criticism.
3. mix v.混合；参合；融合
(1) mixture n. 混合物，结合体
mixed adj. 混合的，混杂的
(2) mix up 使混淆；弄混；弄乱
mix.. with... 把...和...混合，结合
mix with 与..交往，与...混合
【活学活用】
(1) We can sometimes .我们有时能把工作和娱乐结合起来
(2) Charlie doesn’t the other children.查理和其他孩子相处不是很融洽
(3) I always with his brother.They look so much alike.
我总是把他个他哥哥弄混，他们长得太像了
4. record vt.&n.录音；记录
keep a record of 把...记录下来；记下...
set(up)/break/hold arecord 创造/打破/保持记录
make a record 录制唱片
【活学活用】
(1) At the sports meeting he the record for the hundred meter race, which
for five years.运动会上他打破了百米赛跑纪录，这一纪录已经被保持了五年
(2) You should all your expenses during your trip.你应该记下你一路上所有开支
Ⅴ.短语学习
1. be known as 以...知名；被认为是；称为
make oneself known to sb. 向某人做自我介绍
make sth. known to sb. 把某事向某人公布
【易混辨析】be known as, be known for, be known to 和be known by
(1) be known as... 意为“作为...而出名”， as后面的宾语与主语是同位关系
(2) be known for...意为“因...而出名”，for后面的宾语是主语的从属内容，可理解为原因
(3) be known to...意为“被...所熟知”，to的宾语常常是人
(4) be known by...意为“根据...而得知”，by的宾语是表示认识手段或判断标准的名词
【活学活用】
(1) The African lion is the king of the forest. 非洲狮被称为森林之王
(2) This place is nationally its melons and fruits,especially its seedless grapes.这个地方因瓜果，尤其是无核葡萄而驰名全国
(3) It is everyone that theory es from practice.理论源于实践，人人皆知
(4) A person is the pany he keeps.可以由某人所交的朋友来判断他的为人
Ⅵ.句型学习
1. Having worked there for 30 years,Haydn moved to London, where he was very successful.
【句式点拨】
本句中having worked there for 30 years 是现在分词的完成时，在句中作实践状语，相当于时间状语从句after he had worked...。现在分词的完成时表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，而现在分词一般时表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。如：
①Having worked there for 30 years,Haydn moved to London.
②Feeling awkward, he didn’t know what to say.
【易错警示】
现在分词完成时的否定词not要放在having之前，而不能受现在完成时（谓语动词的时态）的影响放在后面。如：Not having finished his work, he had to work extra hours at night.
【活学活用】
(1) he was right, he tried his best to get support from his father.
知道自己是对的，他尽一切努力想要得到父亲的支持
(2) in the city for 10 years, he got tired of the noisy life.
在这个城市居住了十年，他已经厌倦了喧闹的生活
2. By the tie he was 14, Mozart had posed many pieces for the harpsichord, piano and violin, as well as for orchestra.
【句型公式】
表示“到...时为止，已经...”
by the time + 从句（过去时） +主句（主句用
by the end/age of +表过去的时间名词 过去完成时）

by the time + 从句（一般现在时） +主句（主句用
by the end/age of +表将来的时间名词 将来完成时）
【温馨提示】
如果by the time+从句或be the end/aged of+...的结构中所表示的时间是将来的，则主句要用将来完成时By the end of next month, he will have taught in this school for 20 years.
【活学活用】用所给词的适当形式填空
(1) By the age of 17, he (bee)famous as an actor.
(2) By the time he was ten years old, he (plete)university.
(3) By the end of next year,another new gymnasium (build) in my hometown.
3. However, it was Haydn who encouraged Beethoven to move to Vienna.
【句式分析】
强调句型。“It is(was)+被强调部分+that(who)+其他”，被强调部分可以使谓语动词以外的其他句子成分，去掉“It is/was...that...”之后，句子仍然很完整
【温馨提示】
无论强调的是句子中的什么成分，是单数还是复数，be动词一律用单数形式。如果原句的谓语动词是过去时，就用was，如果是现在时就用is
【强调句型的几种常考形式】
Was it yesterday that you saw the strange man?（一般疑问句）
Where was it that you came across Li Ping?（特殊疑问句）
I wonder how it was that he managed to do that.（名词性从句）
It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted.（与not...until结合）
It was on the farm where they met that they held their wedding.（与定语从句结合）
【活学活用】
(1) It was she was about to go out the telephone rang.
A.when; that B.so; that C.before; then D.when; before
【解析】A把it was 和第二空去掉，该剧剩下的部分为： she was about to go out the telephone rang。结合句子结构和句意，空格处填入when则正好构成一个拘役和结构都非常完整的句子，由此判断题干是一个强调句，被强调部分是句子的时间状语。
(2) I’ve already forgotten you put the dictionary.
A.that it was there B.where was it that C.that where it was D.where it was that
【解析】D forget 引导的是宾语从句，根据where、it、was三词的使用可以初步判定宾语从句使用了强调句型的特殊疑问句形式。特殊疑问句中特殊疑问词一定位于句首，在银语从句中谓语使用陈述语序，因此选D

课后习题
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1． She showed a great t for acting at an early and began acting in a movie at the age of eight.
2． Mozart c his last opera shortly before he died.
3． My teacher (影响)my decision to study science.
4． His speech won the applause of the (观众)
5． If the words of a song are (复杂的), they are difficult to understand
Ⅱ.选词填空
of all time, have an influence on, split up, make a note of, no way
1. I guess those of her friends her.
2. Dave her address and phone number.
3. It is recognized that this is the best science fiction .
4. When I asked whether I could use her car, she refused,saying .
5. Steve’s parents when he was four. Since then he has lived with his mother.
Ⅲ.单项填空
1. such a heavy loss, the boss didn’t have the courage to go on with his business.
A.Having suffered B.Suffering C.To suffer D.Suffered
2. It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they for me.
A.had done B.did C.would do D.were doing
3. ---I’ve read another magazine today.
---Well.maybe is not how much you read but what you read that counts.
A.this B.that C. there D.it
4. The driver was at loss when word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.
A.a;/ B./;/ C.the;the D.a;the
5. by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.
A.Being encouraged B.Encouraging C.Encouraged D.Having encouraged
6. In the dark night, we could feel wind with snow blowing onto our faces.
A. mixing B. was mixed C.being mixed D. mixed
7. It’s clear that her painting has been by Picasso.
A .influenced B.mixed C.effected D.realized
8. Her speech was . That is to say, we her speech .
A. impressive;were impressing by B.impressed;were impressed at
C.impressive;were impressed by D.impressing;were impressing with
9. He America with his one-man show.
A.visited B.reached C.traveled D.toured
10. ---Can you lend me some money?I happen not to have any with me now.
--- .Why are you always borrowing money from me?
A.No way B.Of course C. I’m sorry D.OK