牛津译林版8上期末复习知识点汇总.doc

Tips for the Mid-term exam
一、 单选
1. 冠词\代词
a 泛指 a useful book
the （1）特指 the man in the mirror/the girl in blue
（2）最高级(>=3) the slimmest in our class
the most important person
Have the _____rice/the______ bananas
（3）两者比较 the prettier of the twins(只有of the two前加the +比较级)
an honest/unhappy/active boy
an American/eraser/instruction/example/exciting petition/earthquake
an 11-year-old girl
/ 不可数名词 It is hard work/fun/useful advice/good news.
p.s.
1. it／one ／that三者均可用作代词, 指代前面提到的名词。一般说来, it指代同名同物; one与that则指代同名异物。
I have lost my umbrella; I'm looking for____. （该句中it就是指前面的my umbrella）
I have lost my umbrella; I think I must buy____. （one在该句中表泛指, 因为my umbrella已经丢了）
The umbrella you bought is cheaper than______ I bought. （替代词that在该句中特指“the umbrella I bought”, 以区别“the umbrella you bought”）
2. one与that虽可用来指代同名异物, 但one为泛指, 相当于a／an＋名词; that为特指, 相当于the ＋名词。所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为 a／an ／some ／any; that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the ／this ／that。
A chair made of steel is stronger than _______made of wood. （该句中one可以换成a chair）
The water in the cup is hotter than_______in the pot. （该句中that可以换成 the water）
3. one只能代替可数名词单数, 代替可数名词复数时用ones; that既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数名词单数, 代替可数名词复数时用 those。
I like this pen more than that______. （one代替可数名词单数pen）
There were a few young people and some older_____ in the house. （ones代替可数名词复数people）
Mary's handwriting is far better than_______of Peter. （that代替不可数名词 handwriting）
These pictures are more beautiful than_________. （those代替可数名词复数 pictures）

2. 比较级+最高级
（1） 形容词前be动词不能丢！同一类别才能比较！
Millie’s Physics is better than Tom’s.
（2） 副词前不加be动词！
She draws more carefully than any other student in his class.
（3） 最高级前、最多最少、两者比较前要加the！
（4） 最高级与比较级之间的转换！
Jack is the tallest boy in his class.
=Jack is taller than ____ ____ ____/all____ _____ _____ in his class.
* Jack is taller than ____ ______in his class. (不同属性)

Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.
Shanghai is larger than any city in Jiangsu.（不同范围）
（5）more...than/less...than 和(not)as...as...的互换！
Playing chess is not as interesting as playing the piano.
=Playing chess is less interesting than playing the piano.
=Playing the piano is more interesting than playing chess.
（6）特殊句式：
My father sang worst in my family. No one sang worse than he.
The busier she is, the happier she will be.
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
Our teacher is getting slimmer and slimmer.
more and more beautiful.
（拓）as long as…只要 as far as I know据我所知
As much as possible尽可能多地
3. 固定搭配
+to do
Advise sb to do/plan to do/be willing to do/be ready to do/offer to do/seem to do/choose to do/invite sb to do/it takes sb+时间+to do/it is +adj+to do sth
Agree to do/decide to do/fail to do/hope to do/plan to do/prepare to do/take action to do/act to do

+doing
Finish doing/plete doing/spend+T/$+doing /keep on doing/have problems doing/have a good time doing/instead of doing/give up doing sth/be crazy about doing/can’t help doing/prevent doing/instead of doing/spend doing/because of doing/

+do
You’d better (not)do/why not/would you please (not)do/make sb do

短语搭配：U1-U8短语

4. 易混淆辨析
(1) it is fun______VS have fun________
(2) Have a lot of time_____ VS have a good time______
(3) It takes/took sb +Time+______ VS sb spend time ________
(4) He filled the bottle with water. VS The bottle is full of water.
(5) Something went wrong. VS I made a terrible mistake.
(6) I ______2 weeks/$20 doing I _____$20 to do
The trip _____me 2 weeks. It _____me $20.
(7)put photos on his home page
Put___ a brighter light
Put____a picture on the wall
Put ____a shelf above the bed
Put ____your clothes./put ____notes/put _____ the sports meeting
(8) ______a DIY club VS ________a course in DIY/lessons in DIY
加入俱乐部 参加DIY的课程/参加DIY的课
Join the Army/the Party/sb in (doing)sth VS join in/take part in +activities
加入组织 参加活动
(9) a number of students_____ ready for the exam.
the number of students____ 38.
(10)arrive/get/reach home
Arrive at/get to/reach his home
Arrive+无地点 e.g. When will he arrive?
（10）none VS nothing
None 没有一个人或物 nothing什么也没有
How many/how much/Is there any +n…? ----None.
What is/Is there anything…? ———Nothing.
(11) When did that accident take place?=When did that accident happen?(发生)
The meeting will take place this afternoon.（举行）
(12)(Both his he and his father) like watching TV.
Not only he (but also his father) likes watching TV.
区别：He is not only good at English, but also good at all the other subjects.
Not only he is good at English, but also Tom is good at it.
(13) spend (as much time as he can) doing
(14)What is he like?=How is he? He is kind and friendly.
What does he look like?= how does he look? He is tall and strong.
What does he like? He likes playing basketball.
How do you like=what do you think of?
(15) at the end of the meeting VS in the end
(16) How heavy is the bridge?=What is the weight of the bridge?
How much does it weigh? It weighs 50 tons.
5. 反身代词
by themselves 独自 go and see for yourself亲自
enjoy yourselves to...
teach himself French=learn French by himself say/think/ to oneself
be yourself make yourself at home dress herself
6. 祈使句
Sand up！ Be quiet! Don’t be late again! No smoking! Never give up!
Keep walking along the street and you’ll find a shop.
e and cheer for our team, will you? Sure, I will go.
Never shout loudly in public, will you? ——___,_________.
Let’s see a film tonight, _______?
Let us see a film tonight, _______?
(17)形容词反义词
(+ful cheerful meaningful useful careful)
+less tasteless meaningless useless careless endless
+im impolite impatient impossible
+in incorrect inactive inplete
+un untidy unfriendly unhealthy unimportant
+ing/ness/ion变成名词
+ing (mean)meaning (feel)feeling (begin)beginning
+ness (ill)illness (kind)kindness (happy)happiness
+ion (act)action (invite)invitation (protect)protection

(18)not…any more VS not …at all
不再… 一点也不…
My mum doesn’t worry about my study any more.
=My mum no more _______about my study.

(19)what is he like=how is he? 他（性格、长相）怎么样？
What _____he look like=how does he look? 他长得怎么样？
What is the weather like=how is the weather?天气怎么样？
What will the weather___ like?=how will the weather ____?

(20)it is a perfect time/place to do
It is the best time to do

(21)be full____=be filled____充满
Fall(过去式)_______掉落 feel________感受
（22）S+V+O VS S+V+P
实义动词 系动词
Farmers harvest crops. Ice cream tastes great.(adj)
(23)fall asleep VS be sleepy
入睡 疲倦的
（24）______ things(定语，置于前) VS stay_____（表语，置于后）
（25）a_____ reserve VS ______ disasters
(26)_____和____+longer/shorter actions
________只能+longer actions
Longer actions+_________+longer actions
二、完型
Tips1.上下文寻找线索，特别注意the+名词，特指
2. 常识判断、排除
3. 平时积累的短语搭配
4.第一印象（如没有特别把握不要改第一答案！！！）
三、阅读
1.先读问题——圈关键信息词——在文中找到——上下文推断解题。
2.细读首末两段、每段的首末句。
四、阅读表达
1、仔细审题，注意语法、时态、标点。
2、问题三若问Do you agree with...? Why or why not?
回答 Yes. Because...(不能过于简洁，也不能过于冗长)
五、单词填空
1. 单词拼写
2. 注意时态、三单、复数
3. 读完整个句子再动笔、圈关键词

六、翻译句子
1、注意拼写、时态、三单（圈关键词）
2、字迹清楚。
七、作文
1.字迹清楚！！！
2.分段！！！
3.检查拼写、三单、时态！！！

P.s. 翻译句子
(一)
1．老师给了我一条多么有用的建议啊！
_________________________________________________________________________
2．为了保护那些处境危险的野生动物，政府制定了法律来阻止人们砍伐树木。
_________________________________________________________________________
3．你要保守秘密，否则这会使他不高兴。
_________________________________________________________________________
4．我们教室里的电脑与他们教室里的不一样。
_________________________________________________________________________
5．大巴车撞到大树上，有三个人死于这起交通事故。
_________________________________________________________________________
（二）
1．我希望您能接受我们的邀请并度过一个愉快的夜晚。
____________________________________________________________________
2．当看到这些名胜古迹的模型时，我们不能相信自己的眼睛。
____________________________________________________________________
3．北京的冬天非常严寒，气温总是要降到零度以下。
____________________________________________________________________
4．当我们正吃晚饭时，xx铃响了。
____________________________________________________________________
5．我们必须采取措施来阻止农民们继续砍伐森林。
____________________________________________________________________
（三）
1. 当我们的房屋着火时，我们应该做什么？

2. 你最好不要独自去看医生。

3. 上个月我正在教孩子们怎样遵守交通规则。

4. 他们决定尽可能快地出去。

5. 我们学了很多关于怎样保护自己远离危险的知识。

（四）
51. 一名女孩从自行车上摔下来，弄伤了腿。

52. 他穿蓝色衣服看起来神气吗？
_______________________________________________________________
53．为了不犯错，她仔细阅读了说明。

54．医生建议我们不要在睡前吃太多东西。

55．昨天路过玩具店时，Jack给儿子买了一个泰迪熊。

（五）
Joe经常给我们讲有趣的笑话。
67.人们不该再买裘皮大衣。
68.你爸爸对不同种类的鸟感兴趣吗？
69.我们都愿意帮助那些有需要的人。
70.昨天下午我在画画的时候，他们正在堆雪人。

（一）
1．What a piece of useful advice the teacher gave me!
2．In order to protect the wild animals in danger, the government made laws to prevent/stop/keep people from cutting down trees.
3．You should keep secrets, it will otherwise; make him unhappy/sad.
4．The puters in our classroom are different from those in theirs.
5．The coach crashed into a big tree and three people lost their lives in this traffic accident.

（二）
1. I hope you will accept our invitation and have a pleasant evening.
2. When we saw the models of these places of interest, we couldn't believe our eyes.
3. The winter is very cold in Beijing and the temperature often drops below zero.
4. While we were having Supper, the telephone rang.
5. We must do something to stop farmers from keeping cutting down forests．
（三）
1. What should we do when our house was on fire?
2. You had better not go to see the doctor alone.
3. Last month, I was teaching the children how to follow the traffic rules.
4. They decided to get out as quickly as possible.
5. We learnt a lot about how to protect ourselves away from danger.
（四）
51.A girl fell from the bike and hurt her leg.
52. Does he look cool in blue?
53. In order not to make any mistakes, she read the instructions carefully.
54. Doctors advise us not to eat too much before sleep.
55.Jack bought a Teddy bear for his son when he walked past the toy shop yesterday.