外研版英语七年级上册知识点总结.doc

Module1 My classmates 我的同班同学
1. be from = e from 来自
问某人来自哪里，用疑问词where，结构为:
①Where +be +主语+from ? 答语:主语+be+from+地点.
例:Where is Lucy from? She is from America.
露西来自哪儿?她来自美国。
② Where+助动词do/does+主语+e from?
例:Where does Tony e from? He es from England.
托尼来自哪里?他来自英国。
如：I am from China. = I e from China.
Where are you from? = Where do you e from?
2. ---What's your name? ---My name is Tom. = I'm Tom.
问某人的姓名用疑问词what, 结构为:
What+be+形容词性物主代词/名词的所有格+name?
答语: ①形容词性物主代词/名词的所有格+name+be+姓名。②人称代词主格+be+姓名。
例:What is your father's name? 你父亲叫什么名字?
My father's name is Black Smith. 我父亲叫布莱克·史密斯。
也可以回答为: He is Black Smith. 他叫布莱克·史密斯。
3. ---How old are you? ---I'm 15 years old.
问某人的年龄用how old，结构为:How old+be+主语?
答语: 主语(人称代词主格)+be+基数词+ (years old)可省略.
例: How old is Linging? She is thirteen (years old).
玲玲多大了?她十三岁。
4. What class are you in? 你在几班?
I am in Class One.=I am in Class 1. 我在一班。
问某人在几班用疑问词what class, 句型为：
What class+be+主语+in? 答语:主语+be+in Class（大写）十数字或基数词（大写）。be动词应根据后面的主语决定。
例：What class is Wang Tao in? 王涛在几班?
He is in Class Five.=He is in Class 5. 他在5班。
5. Good to see you. 见到你真高兴。
同义句: Nice to see /meet you.= Glad to see /meet you.
6. What about...? = How about...? …怎么样（用于征求意见）后跟名词.代词或动词的ing形式。
例：How about going swimming? 去游泳怎么样?
How about you? 你呢?
7. the capital of ……的首都/省会
Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。
Chengdu is the capital of Sichuan. 成都是四川的省会。
8. a very big city 一个非常大的城市
Shanghai is a very big city.
9. first name = given name名字last name = family name姓
10. Wele to Class 4(Four)Grade 7(Seven).
欢迎来到七年级四班。
① wele to+表示地点的名词。意为: 欢迎到某地来。
例: Wele to China.欢迎到中国来。
Wele to our school .欢迎到我们学校来。
② wele+表示地点的副词。
注意: 省去介词to, 意为:欢迎到某地来。
例: Wele home.欢迎回家。Wele here.欢迎到这儿来。
11. China 中国 Chinese 中国人 Chinese汉语
England 英格兰 English英国人 English英语
例：I'm from China. I'm Chinese. I can speak Chinese.
I'm from England. I'm English. I can speak English.
12. Chinese: 中国人; 中国的; 汉语
English: 英国人; 英国的; 英语
in Chinese/ English 用汉/英语，在汉/英语中
例：I am Chinese. 中国人 I am a Chinese girl. 中国的
I am English. 英国人 I am an English girl. 英国的
13. too/also用法: too用于句末；also 用于句中。
例：I am from China, too. = I am also from China.
我也来自中国。
I like swimming, too. = I also like swimming.
我也喜欢游泳。
Module2 My family我的家庭
1. I have an elder brother. 哥哥
She has a younger / little sister. 妹妹
2. This is a photo of my family. 一张我的全家福
My family is a big one. 指整体时（家庭），单数
My family are watching TV now. 指个体时（家人），复数
This is Jim's family tree. 家谱
3. on the left 在左边 on the right 在右边
on the left / right of 在…的左边 / 右边
4. next to 在…旁边，紧挨着 = beside = near
5. in front of 在…前面 （在...外部，相对独立）
in the front of 在...前部（在…内部）
There is a tree in front of the house.
There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.
6. at the bus station 在公共汽车站 at school 在学校
at the same hospital 在同一所医院
at a police station 在警局
7. (be) in hospital（生病）住院
in the hospital 在医院
Tom is in hospital because he is ill(生病) .
Tom's father works in the hospital.
8. in the photo 照片上 There is a big house in the photo.
9. a manager of a theater = a theater manager 一个剧院经理
10. a manager of a hotel = a hotel manager 一个旅馆经理
11. a bus driver 一位公共汽车司机
a farm worker 一位农场工人
a shop worker 一名店员
an English teacher 一位英语老师
12. man/woman 复数 men/women
a woman doctor 复数women doctors 女医生
a man teacher 复数 men teachers 男老师
There are three men teachers in the office.
13. Is this / that your family? →Yes, it is. / No, it isn't.
Are these / those your parents?
→Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.
14. Who is this? Who is this boy?
--- Who are the boy and the girl?
--- They are my friends.
15.问职业句型：
① What be + 名词（主语）?
② What do / does + 主语 +do?
③ What be one's job?
What is your mother? 你妈妈是干什么工作的?
= What does your mother do?
= What is your mother's job?
Module3 My school我的学校
1. furniture是不可数名词
a lot of furniture a piece of furniture 一件家俱
There is lots of furniture in my room.
2. a map of China a map of the world
a map of England a map of America
3.There is a map of the world on the wall.
There are 4 windows in the wall.
4. There are many apples on the tree.
There is a bird in the tree.
5. There is a tree in front of the house.
The driver is sitting in the front of the bus.
6. This is the classroom building with 24 classrooms.
这座教学楼有24间教室。
7. The building is for science. 这座楼是科技楼。
8. What’s your classroom like? It’s really big.
你的教室怎样? 它真的很大。
What's … like? 这个句型可用来询问某物怎么样。
What's +某人+like? 主要用于询问某人的性格特点。
如: What’s your bag like? 你的书包什么样?
What's your sister like? 你妹妹的性格怎么样?
She is very friendly. 她非常友好。
What is the weather like today? → It's sunny.
9. The gym is next to the office. 主语 + be +方位
= Next to the office is the gym. 方位 + be + 主语
10. go to school 上学 leave school 毕业
11. There be句型总结：
1.there be句型：表示在某地或某时 有某物或某人。
其结构为：There be + 某物 / 某人 + 地点/ 时间
There are 50 students in the classroom.
2. there be句型就近原则：be动词由其后接的最近的名词
来决定其单复数。
① There is a book and some boxes on the desk.
② There are some boxes and a book on the desk.
③ There is some water in the cup.
3. there be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：
① 对主语提问：
当主语是人时，用"Who's+介词短语?"；
当主语是物时; 用"What's + 介词短语?"
注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数is，但回答时却要根据实际情况来决定。如：
There are many books over there. →What's over there? There is a little girl in the room. → Who is in the room?
② 对地点状语提问：提问地点用”Where is / are+主语”。There is a puter on the desk. → Where is the puter?
There are four children in the classroom.
→Where are the four children?
③ 对数量提问：
How many + 复数名词 + are there + 介词短语?
How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语? 如：
There are twelve months in a year.
→How many months are there in a year?
There is some money in my wallet.
→How much money is there in your wallet?
Module4 Healthy food健康的食物
1. Is your food and drink healthy? 你的饮食健康吗?
2. drink既是不可数名词，意为“饮料”；也是可数名词，
指不同种类的饮料。drink还可以作动词，意为“喝”如：
① Would you like some drink? 你想来点饮料吗?
② Milk and water are healthy drinks. 饮料（指种类）
③ I drink a glass of milk every day. 作V.（动词）喝
3. fruit指水果（总称）时，是不可数名词；指水果（种类）
时，是可数名词。如：
Do you have any fruit? 指水果的总称
There are many kinds of fruits in the supermarket. 指种类
4. too much+不可数名词 too many+可数名词复数
① I have too much homework to do.
② I have too many books.
5. healthy形容词 →health名词 →unhealthy（其反义词）
healthy food健康的食物 unhealthy drink不健康的食物
keep healthy / stay healthy 保持健康
be in good health健康状况良好 our health我们的健康
6. bread为不可数名词 some bread a piece of bread
7. ① fish n.鱼肉 (不可数名词） I like eating fish.
② fish n. 鱼, 指鱼的条数时，可数名词，单复数同形。
但指鱼的种类时，可数名词，复数为fishes。
The boy caught a fish.
There are many kinds of fishes in the river.
③ fish V.（动词）钓鱼 Let's go fishing.
8. 动词-ing形式放在句首做主语；放在介词之后做宾语。
Eating vegetables is good for our health.
Drinking cola isn't good for us.
I am good at speaking English. 擅长
9. a bit + adj. 有点... a bit tired / happy 有点累/高兴
10. He plays football very well. well为adv.修饰动词play
He is very well now. well为adj.形容词指身体健康的
This is a good book. good为adj.修饰名词book
11. go shopping for sth. = go to buy sth. 去买某物
12. have/ has got （某人）拥有
We have got a new school. Tom has got a sister.
13. be good for 对...有好处 be bad for 对...有害处
14. food and drink 饮食 fruit and vegetables 果蔬
15. what kind of 哪种 a kind of 一种
many kinds of = all kinds of各种各样的
kind of +adj./adv.= a bit +adj./adv. 有点....
16. get sth. for sb.= buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物
Please get a book for me, Daming. 大明，请为我买本书。
17. have a good breakfast 吃一顿丰盛的早餐
18. have sth. for breakfast 早餐吃……
We have noodles for breakfast.
19. a lot of = lots of + 不可或可复 意为“大量的，许多的”
= many +可复 或 = much +不可
20. tomato / potato复数→tomatoes / potatoes
We have got some tomatoes and potatoes.
21. It is +形容词 + (for sb.) + to do sth.. 做某事......
It is important to do sth. 做某事很重要。
例：It is important to study hard. 努力学习很重要。
It is important for us to learn English well.
学好英语对我们很重要。
22. A lot of ice cream, hamburgers and cola is not healthy. Meat is healthy, but too much meat is not good for children.
许多冰激凌.汉堡包和可乐是不健康的。肉是健康的，但是太多的肉对孩子是没有帮助的。
①and意为“和, 又, 而”, 连接并列的单词.词组.短语或句子，起承上启下的作用。所连接的词语或句子属于并列关系。用在句子开头的时候，一般不译出来。
Tom and David are in the same class. 汤姆和大卫在同一班。 Let’s go and see, OK? 咱们去看看，好吗?
I bought Granny a present, and she liked it very much.
我给奶奶买了件礼物，她非常喜欢。
②but表示“但是，可是，却”，表示转折关系。
It is very late, but they still go on working.
虽然天很晚了，但是他们还是继续工作。
Apples are healthy food but candy isn’t healthy food.
苹果是健康的食物，但糖果不是健康的食物。
③or 的具体用法如下：
(1) 连接并列的单词.短语或句子，表示“或者”的意思。
We can visit the World Park or travel around the world.
我们可以参观世界公园，或者周游全世界。
(2) 用在选择疑问句中,译为“还是”。如:
Is that an apple or an orange? 那是苹果还是桔子?
(3) 在否定句中代替and，表示“和”的意思。如:
I don’t like bread or porridge. 我不喜欢面包和粥。
(4) 连接两个并列的句子，表示“否则，要不然”的意思。
Hurry up, or you’ll be late. 快点，否则你要迟到啦。
You must go there quickly or you will not be back in time. 你必须快点去那儿, 否则你就不能及时返回了。
23. some用于肯定句中或用于表示征求对方意见或表示委婉语气或期望得到对方的肯定回答的问句中仍用some, 不用any. 此种情况多用于 Can I ...? / Would you like ...? 的句型中。而any多用于否定句或疑问句中。如：
There is some milk in the glass. (肯定句)
Would you like some tea? (征求意见的疑问句)
How about some orange juice? (征求意见的疑问句)
Have you got any brothers? （一般疑问句）
She hasn't got any brothers. (否定句)
Module 5 My school life我的学校生活
1. like v.喜欢 like doing sth.
I like playing basketball after class.
2. difficult – easy English isn't easy. It is difficult.
3. because – so Tom can't go to school, because he is ill.
Tom is ill, so he can't go to school.
4.interesting(修饰事物) – interested(修饰人)
The film is very interesting.
It is an interesting film.
I am interested in the film.
5. talk to sb. 对......交谈 talk with sb. 跟......交谈
talk about sb. / sth. 谈论......
6. begin - start 开始 end - finish 结束
begin with: 以......开始
The students begin their party with an English song.
7. work n.工作(不可数名词) work v. 工作
job n. 工作（可数名词）
His father works in a factory. work用作动词
I have much work to do. work用作不可数名词
He finds a good job in the city. job用作可数名词
8. have/take a break = have/take a rest 休息
9. look, see, watch, read 几种“看”的表达：
① Look at the blackboard, please. (看......,指看的动作)
② What can you see? (看见/ 看到，指看的结果)
③ Let's watch TV. （观看，注视）
④ Let's read English books . (指阅读，理解地看......)
如：see a doctor 看医生/看病 see/watch a film看电影
watch movies 看电影 watch TV 看电视
watch a football match 观看足球比赛
read a book 看书 read a magazine 看杂志
read a newspaper 看报纸
10. --What's the time? = What time is it? 几点了?
-- It is + 8 o'clock. （注意前没有介词）
11. -- What day is it today? 今天星期几
-- It is Monday. / Today is Monday.（注意前没有介词）
12. – What are our lessons on Monday?
= What lesson do we have on Monday?
-- We have English on Monday.
have English = have an English lesson / class
have +学科= have a/an +学科+lesson/class 上…课
13. I am good at history. = I do well in history.
be good at擅长 = do well in 在......方面做得好
at和in都是介词，后面跟名词.代词或动词-ing形式。
例: Daming is good at playing football.
=Daming does well in playing football. 大明擅长踢足球。
Lingling is good at English.
=Lingling does well in English. 玲玲擅长英语。
14. Maths is difficult for Betty.
= It is difficult for Betty to study Maths.
15. start work 开始工作/学习 = start lessons 开始学习
16. make + sb. / sth. + 形容词 使某人/某物......
Mr. Li makes maths lessons interesting.
李老师使数学课有趣。
17. I do my maths homework first after school.
放学后我首先做我的数学作业。
18. 时间的两种读法：顺读法/逆读法
①整点：数词+o’clock. 例: It’s five o’clock. 五点了。
②刚好半点：half past +数词. 例: half past eight.八点半
③分钟小于30分，用分+past+小时。
例：It’s twenty past eight. 现在八点二十。
④分钟大于30分，用(60-分)+ to +(小时+1)。
例：It’s five to nine. 现在八点五十五(差五分九点)了。
→顺读法：
8:10 -- eight ten 8:30-- eight thirty 8:40 --eight forty
→逆读法：
8:10--ten past eight 8:30 --half past eight 8:40 --twenty to nine
19. 谈论学校生活常用句型：
1. let me tell you something about my school day.
2. I get up at 6:30 in the morning, and then I „
3. There are 4 lessons in the morning and 3 lessons
in the afternoon.
4. My favourite subject is English because it is interesting.
5. I go home at 5:00.
6. This is my school day.
范文： My school day
Let me tell you something about my school day. I usually get up at half past six. Then I have breakfast. I go to school at seven. I start lessons at eight o'clock. I have four classes in the morning and three in the afternoon. I like P.E. and music because they are interesting. Lessons finish at 5:00 pm. After school, I often play basketball with my classmates on the playground. I go home at half past five. That's my school day.
Revision Module A
1.with the correct form of …用…的正确形式
2.on the desk 在书桌上
3.in my class 在我的班上
4.in her office 在她的办公室里
5.have got/has got 拥有
6.in the building 在这建筑物里面
7.in front of …在,,,前面（外部）
8.science lab 科学实验室
9.in your classroom在你的教室里
10.in the library 在图书馆
11.my family photo = a photo of my family 我的家庭照
12.next to 在…旁边
13.on the left (of)在……左边
14.on the right (of) 在……右边
15.on Saturday 在星期六
16.get up 起床
17.at eight o’clock 在8点钟
18.go to school 去上学
19.have music lessons 上音乐课
20.have a healthy breakfast 吃健康的早餐
21.go swimming 去游泳
22.play football踢足球
23.in the afternoon 在下午
24.watch TV 看电视
25.play with 和..玩
26.want to do sth 想做某事
27.make orange juice 做橘子汁
28.thank you 谢谢你 29.make apple juice 做苹果汁
30.in the kitchen 在厨房里 31.make sth for sb 为某人做某物
32.make afternoon tea 沏下午茶
33.family tree家谱
34.belong to sb. 属于某人的
35.have a break 休息
36.go home 回家
37.do sports 做运动
38.do some homework do any homework做作业 39.have breakfast/ lunch/dinner/supper
吃早饭/午饭/晚饭/晚饭
40.at school 在学校 at home在家
41.in the evening at night 在晚上
43.have lessons/classes 上课
44.in the morning/afternoon 在上/下午
45.go to the library 去图书馆
46.read stories 看故事 tell stories 讲故事
47.watch television = watch TV 看电视
48.have maths/Chinese/English 上数学/语文/英语课 49.have maths homework 有数学作业
50.every Wednesday 每周星期三 (前不用介词)
this Wednesday 这周星期三 (前不用介词)
every Wednesday afternoon每周星期三下午(不用介词)
on Wednesday afternoon 在星期三下午 (介词用on)
51.数词+ (years old) ….岁