新目标英语九年级第8单元知识点.doc

Unit 8 It must belong to Carla课题：It must belong to Carla.重点：掌握本单元出现的生词、短语 学习运用情态动词must、might、could和cant表推测的用法难点：含有情态动词表推测的用法基本句型：- Whose volleyball is this ? - It must be Carlas . She loves volleyball. It could be Meis hair band. Or it might belong to Linda.主要知识点：1、 情态动词must、could、might、cant表推测的用法 情态动词 用法 must表示某事发生的可能性很大 could/might表示某事发生的可能性不是很大，对某事的发生没有很大的把握 cant 表示某事不会发生的可能性很大【例句】:1、You must be tired after working for eight hours without a rest. 2、Dont play with the knife. It could/might cut your hand . 3、The red bike cant be Marys.Hers is blue.【注】: 1、情态动词表推测的三种句式： 在肯定句中一般用must(一定），may(可能，也许），might/could(可 能，也许） 【例句】:He must/may/might/could know the answer to this question. 在否定句中用cant/couldnt(不可能），may not/might not（可能不： 也许不） 【例句】:The man cant/couldnt be the headmaster. The headmaster has gone to America. He may/might not know the scientist. 疑问句中用can/could,表示惊讶、怀疑、不相信等。 【例句】:Could he have finished the task ? Can he be at home now? 【提示】:might,could不是may,can的过去式，而表示语气较为委婉或 可能性较小 2、情态动词表推测的三种时态 对将来情况的推测，用“情态动词+动词原形”【例句】:She must/may/might/could arrive before five. 对现在或一般情况的推测，用“情态动词+be”,“情态动词+be+doing” 或“情态动词+动词原形”【例句】:He must/may/might/could be listening to the radio now. 对过去的情况推测，用“情态动词+have+过去分词” 【例句】:The ground is wet. It must/may/might/could have rained last night. 【提示】:情态动词should/ought to表推测时，意为“按说应该、理 应.”，但与“have+过去分词”连用时，意为“本应该 做某事却没做” 【例句】:Its seven oclock.Jack should/ought to be here at any moment. 例：-Look at that girl! Is she Susan? -No, she _ be Susan. Susan has gone back to her hometown. A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. wouldnt 解析：此题考察情态动词的用法。根据句意可知，应用cant(一定不是） 答案：B 3、含情态动词must的反意疑问句 陈述部分有must,且表示“必须”时，附加疑问部分用mustnt, 如果表 示“有必要”则用neednt 【例句】: We must work hard , mustnt we ? The teacher must show concern for each pupil , neednt he? 陈述部分中是mustnt表示“禁止”时，附加疑问部分用must 【例句】:We mustnt be late, must/may we ? 陈述部分中的must表示“一定”、“想必”等推测意义时，附加疑问部 分是根据陈述部分的谓语动词或其助动词来定 【例句】:He must be a teacher, isnt he ? must have done是对过去情况的推测，当陈述部分没有明确的表示过去 的时间状语时，附加疑问要用have的相应形式；当陈述部分有明确的 过去时间状语时，附加疑问要用过去时。 【例句】:You must have lived here for a long time, havent you? You must have seen him yesterday, didnt you ?2、 whose 疑问代词，意为“谁的”，位于名词之前，作定语修饰名词。 【例句】: -Whose book is this ? -Its mine. 例：“_ bookcase is this?”“It must be _.” A. Whos;Tom B. Whos;Toms C. Whose;Toms D. Whose;Tom 解析：根据句意可知第一个空要填whose”谁的”，第二个空要用名词所有格 形式来表示，Toms=Toms bookcase. 答案：C3、 belong to 意为“属于”，其主语通常是物，它不能用于进行时和被动语态。 To为介词，后接名词或人称代词的宾格形式，不能接名词性物主代词或名词 所有格。 【例句】: This bicycle belongs to Amy. 例：-Whose guitar is this ? -It _ Alice. She plays the guitar. A. might be B. must be C. can belong D. might belong to 解析：根据句意应先排除A和B，因为它们后面应该用名词所有格形式；belong to 是固定短语，to不能省略。 答案：D 【注】: The book belongs to Mary. = The book is Marys.4、anything valuable 意为“贵重的东西”，当形容词修饰something,anything,nothing 等复合不定代词时，形容词要后置。 【例句】: I have something important to tell you.5、 pick up 意为“捡起；拾起”，它的宾语如果是名词，该名词宾语可以位于pick 和up之间，也可以位于pick up 之后；它的宾语如果是代词，该代词宾语只 能位于pick与up之间。【例句】: Please pick up the book.=Please pick the book up. Please pick it up. 【注】: pick up 的其它用法 （无意中）学会 【例句】:If you go to England youll soon pick up English. 搭载；开车去接 【例句】: The car stopped to pick me up. 感染；患病 【例句】: Where did you pick up a cold?例：It seems that the aged people _ the H7N9 more easily from the recent Cases. A. pick up B. mix up C. set up D. use up解析：此题考查动词短语辨析。Pick up 患病；感染；mix up 混合在一起； Set up 建立；use up 用完，又根据题意可知选A答案：选A6、 有关away短语 run away 逃跑 take away 拿走；带走 stay away 离开 move away 搬走 put away 收起来 give away 捐赠；赠给 例：The old man was very generous. He decided to _ some of his money to the people in need. A. run away B. give away C. move away D. stay away 解析：由句意可知，这位老人很慷慨，他决定把自己的一些钱捐给需要的人。 故give away符合题意。 答案：B7、 there be+主语+v-ing结构，意为”有.正在做.”，其中v-ing用作定语， 修饰其前面的主语，相当于一个定语从句 【例句】:There are some boys playing football on the playground. 【注】：情态动词可用在there和be中间表推测或判断例：Listen!There must be someone _ at the door. A. to knock B. knocking C. knock D.knocked解析：此题考查“there be +主语+v-ing形式”结构，强调某事正在发生。答案：选B8、sleepy 形容词 “困倦的；瞌睡的” 【例句】:Im so sleepy that I can hardly keep my eyes open. 【注】：sleepless 形容词 “睡不着的” asleep 形容词 “睡着的”例：She didnt sleep well last night. Now she feels _ (sleep) and cant wait to go to bed.解析：结合本题中的“她昨晚没有睡好”可知，现在她觉得很瞌睡，故填 sleepy., feel(感觉)+形容词答案：sleepy9、情态动词+be +v-ing结构，表示推测某个动作正在进行。 【例句】: He could be sleeping at home now.10、 suit 名词，“西服；套装”，动词，“适合；适宜于” 【例句】: Do you know the man wearing a black suit? The arrangement suited us both. 【注】：fit sb 与 suit sb fit sb 意为“适合某人，合某人的身”，指衣服、鞋等在大小、尺寸 上适合某人。 suit sb 意为“适合某人”，除了指衣服、鞋子等在花色、款式上适合 某人，也指时间、食物等适合某人。另外suit还可指满足某人需要、 合某人心意。 【例句】: This dress doesnt fit me. The dress suits you beautifully. 例：Its difficult to find a time that _ everybody. A. suits B. fit C. suit D. Fits 解析：关系代词that指代先行词time,并在定语从句中作主语，从句 的谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，首先排除B和C。Fit 常 指大小、尺寸适合；suit除指颜色、款式适合，还可指时间、 款式适合，还可指时间、食物等适合。 答案：A11、 not only.but also.（不但.而且.）的用法 not only.but (also).应连接两个相对称的并列成分。 【例句】: Not only Mr Lin but (also) his son joined the Party two years ago. not only.but (also).连接两个主语时，谓语动词要与其最近的主语保持一致 【例句】: Not only the students but (also) their teacher was against the plan. not only.but (also).连接两个分句，并且not only位于句首时，其后分句中 的主语和谓语要部分倒装。【例句】:Not only does the sun give us light but (also) it gives us heat.12、 receive 与accept 的区别 receive 动词，意为“接受；收到”，指客观上收到【例句】:I didnt receive your fax. accept 动词，意为“接受”，指主观上接受 【例句】:She has received his present,but she will not accept it. 例：His family are worried about him because they havent _ letters from him for a long time. A. accepted B. received C. written D. Collected 解析：四个选项的含义分别是：accept 接受；receive 收到；write 写；collect 收集。根据句意可知为“收到来信”，receive和letters搭配，故选B 答案：选B13、 point out ，point at 和point to point out ,“指出”，out 是副词，给某人指出方向、要点或错误等 【例句】:Will you please point out the man who saved the boys life? point at ,“指着”，at是介词，着重于指的对象，指向离说话人较近的人或 事物 【例句】:Dont point at the words while you are reading. point to,“指向”，to也是介词，着重于指的方向，指向离说话人较远的人 或事物 【例句】:He pointed to the house on the other side of the river and said,“Thats my home.”14、 medical 形容词，意为“医学的；医疗的”，其名词形式为medicine【例句】:He is a medical student.15、 purpose 名词，意为“目的；意图”，the purpose of.意为“.的目的”。on purpose 故意（地）；有意（地）【例句】:The purpose of the meeting is to elect a new monitor.16、 阻止某人做某事的表达方式： prevent.from doing sth 阻止.做某事 keep.from doing sth 阻止.做某事 stop.from doing sth 保护.不受.侵袭，from后接能带来伤害或 损害之物【例句】:1、We must prevent the water from being polluted. 2、The heavy rain kept us from ing on time. 3、You had better wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from the sun.17、 no more 与no longer no more相当于not.any more ,表示数量和程度上的“不再”，通常修饰 非延续性动词，一般指今后“不再”，故多用于将来时【例句】:He will no more go there.=He will not go there any more.no longer 相当于not.any longer, 指时间或距离上的“不再延长”，通常 修饰延续性动词，多指现在的情况与过去相比，故常用于现在时态 【例句】:You can no longer stay here.=You cant stay here any longer.