2018届高考英语第一轮课时训练5.doc

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课堂作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The murderer was observed ________(quarrel) with his neighbour in the park the other day.
2.This kind of cloth ________(feel) well and ________(last) long.
3.They will start their project，________(aim) at helping the poor children to be educated in the west of China.
4.So far large quantities of information ________(store) in the computer.
5.She observed a man ________(walk) on the opposite side of the road.
6.From what they say，these two houses differ greatly ________ sizes and structures.
7.Large quantities of goods ________(sell) out since they brought down the price.
8.It’s stupid to risk ________(do) anything that might lead to failure.
9.The Olympics are like a huge stage ________ everyone makes every effort to achieve their dreams.
10.You can’t imagine the difficulty he had ________(pass)the exam.
11.There’s a limit ________ the amount of pain we can bear.
12.She looked at me in ________(confuse)and didn’t answer my question.
答案　1.to quarrel　2.feels；lasts　3.aimed　4.have been stored　5.walking　6.in　7.have been sold　8.doing　9.where　10.passing　11.to　12.confusion
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.Large quantities of water has just been drunk by him.
2.Should another world war break down，what would become of human beings?
3.We were loading the luggages into the car when it began to rain.
4.I feel confusing by his offering me the two suggestions.
5.Dear passengers，please remain seating until the bus totally stops.
6.They arrived at a farmhouse，but，to their surprise，in front of which sat a little boy crying aloud.
7.He is often observed go shopping with his classmates.
8.The team have been training hard in preparations for the big game.
9.They are running out oil and the plane has to land on the field.
10.In the new factory all the equipments was up to date.
答案　1.has→have　2.down→out　3.luggages→luggage　4.confusing→confused　5.seating→seated 6.which→it　7.go前加to　8.preparations→preparation
9.out后加of　10.equipments→equipment
Ⅲ.课文缩写语法填空
Adventure 2000 is an organisation for adventures to the Himalayas.It can satisfy all the needs of hikers.All the guides 1.________ are very experienced，learn about all the best places to camp.2.________ a hiking trip，their cooks can prepare foods 3.________ (taste) delicious and porters can carry luggage for hikers.4.________，at Adventure 2000，they can make a detailed arrangement for travel，5.________ (include) flights，accommodation and so on.They also provide special offers 6.________ those hikers who have different interests.For those who are interested in history，there is a trip to Western China.For hikers preferring 7.________(play) on the coast，they can provide relative service.Among the three classes，Class A is 8.________(difficult).If you want to join 9.________ this adventure，you will pay ￡2，500，which includes all flights and accommodation.Keep in mind 10.________ maximum group size is 15 people.
答案　1.who　2.On　3.tasting　4.Besides　5.including 6.for　7.to play　8.the
most difficult　9.in　10.that
Ⅳ.单元考点作文串记
一、根据提示翻译句子
1.我很想去澳大利亚，目的是经历一种与我们不同的文化， 由于各种原因父母不愿让我出国旅行。(be anxious to，in order to，differ from，various)
________________________________________________________________
2.我设法让他们理解了我的想法，决定乘坐周日起飞的航班飞往澳大利亚。(get...across，take off)
________________________________________________________________
3.在去悉尼的路上，我们的车坏了，更糟糕的是，汽油用完了。(break down，run out of)
________________________________________________________________
4.幸好另一辆车很快出现了。(turn up)
________________________________________________________________
5.是那位好心的司机给我们提供了一些燃料并帮助我们让汽车运转起来。(用强调句型)
________________________________________________________________
6.我们又出发了。 (set off)
________________________________________________________________
答案　1.I am anxious to go to Australia in order to experience a culture which differs from ours.For various reasons my parents wouldn’t like me to travel abroad.
2.I managed to get my idea across to them and decided to take the plane that took off on Sunday to Australia.
3.On our way to Sydney，our car broke down and what’s worse，it ran out of oil.
4.Luckily，another car turned up soon.
5.It was the warm－hearted driver that offered us some fuel and helped us get the car functioning.
6.We set off again.
二、加入适当过渡词，连句成篇

【参考范文】
I am anxious to go to Australia in order to experience a culture which differs from ours，but for various reasons my parents wouldn’t like me to travel abroad.Finally I managed to get my idea across to them and decided to take the plane that took off on Sunday to Australia.However，on our way to Sydney，our car broke down and what’s worse，it ran out of oil.Luckily，another car turned up soon and it was the warm－hearted driver that offered us some fuel and helped us get the car functioning.Happily，we set off again.
课下作业
A卷　阅读提速练(限时20′)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Jack loved playing sports.But on a day in August，it seemed that all sports were about to be taken away from him.Though injuries were nothing new for Jack, this one was much more serious.He would miss both the football and wrestling seasons.“I had to experience a long and painful recovery，” said Jack.
Curtis Urbina, a famous coach, admired Jack’s drive to keep going on the wrestling mat.After Jack got injured, he had an idea when sensing his sadness.He decided to bring Jack to practices to help him out.
Curtis Urbina asked Jack to watch how he and the other coaches worked with wrestlers.As expected, Jack wanted to take part in wrestling instead of being kept indoors all day.He offered to coach the toughest kids.He was a natural.He kept the kids interested and made it fun for them.He showed patience and persistence (坚韧不拔) needed to deal with those kids.“Making sure that they stayed in the room as required was the biggest part of my job，” Jack said.“But I wanted to teach others some of the same lessons that wrestling had taught me.”
One kid Jack coached was Stephen Singlak, 4.Stephen’s parents were amazed when they watched Jack work with their son.“You can guess how Stephen felt at first as he was often wrestling with kids bigger than him，” said Stephen’s dad.“But Jack started going one－on－one with him.Jack would be on all fours, and Stephen was trying different moves.Stephen started liking wrestling instead of getting discouraged.”
After struggling to win even one match early on, Stephen won about half of his matches in this season.“It was a great feeling when I knew I had played a part in Stephen getting to where he was，” Jack said.“That coaching experience was just wonderful.I’m glad that I have a chance to help others.”
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文，题材为人物故事类。杰克是非常棒的运动员，但是一次意外受伤使他再也不能参加比赛了。后来他从事了教练工作，这使他走出了黑暗。
1.What’s the main idea of the first paragraph?
A.Jack loved playing sports very much.
B.Injuries were quite common for Jack.
C.Jack’s sports career was ruined by the new injury.
D.Jack couldn’t bear the pain caused by the new injury.
答案　C　[段落大意题。根据文章第一段this one was much more serious.He would miss both the football and wrestling seasons.“I had to experience a long and painful recovery，”said Jack可知，因为受伤，Jack的运动生涯受挫。]
2.Why did Curtis Urbina bring Jack to practices?
A.To help him get rid of his sadness. B.To develop his interest in teaching.
C.To give him a chance to take exercise. D.To teach him some new wrestling skills.
答案　A　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段After Jack got injured, he had an idea when sensing his sadness.He decided to bring Jack to practices to help him out可知，当Curtis Urbina看到Jack因为受伤情绪低落时，他决定带着他去训练，以帮他走出低谷。]
3.After Stephen was coached by Jack, he________.
A.thought he was a natural wrestler
B.showed a great interest in wrestling
C.liked playing with kids bigger than him
D.easily got discouraged during his training
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句Stephen started liking wrestling instead of getting discouraged可知，在教练Jack的指导下，Stephen开始喜欢摔跤运动。]
4.According to the last paragraph, Jack’s coaching experience________.
A.made him win many matches B.gave him a sense of achievement
C.helped him make a lot of new friends D.made him popular among young kids
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段It was a great feeling when I knew I had played a part in Stephen getting to where he was及最后一句可知，当教练让Jack体会到了快乐，有成就感。]
B
If a woman has an extra piece of cake, don’t blame it on greed, blame it on her brain.
Scientists have found that women’s brains react to food very differently—and much more strongly—than men’s.Academics found that decades of dieting pressure on women and advertising have programmed certain parts of the female brain to react strongly when faced with any kind of food.Men, on the other hand, are not usually as obsessive (着迷的) about what they eat.
Dr.Rudolf Uher and his colleagues at the Institute of Psychiatry in King’s College London used brain scanning technology, known as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), to look at the brains of eighteen men and women.
The volunteers were given images of food to look at, as well as food to taste.Their brain reactions were observed by the scientists.
They found that the female brains reacted much more strongly than those of males.
The same reaction did not happen when they were shown non－food images.The team believe this means women think more about food than men tend to do.
Dr.Uher said, “This could be related to biological differences between men and women.But the more likely explanation is that women have a more complicated reaction to food because of social pressure.”
Professor Carey Cooper, psychology and health professor at Lancaster University, said, “For centuries women have had a providing role—preparing and cooking food for their families.And it’s part of that role to make sure the food is safe.They will therefore be much more sensitive to food than men are, and I would not be surprised if that was now built into their DNA.If the female brain reacts to food because it historically has developed neural (神经的) pathways to do this, then food will be the way they express their stress.Food actually, is a comfort for women.”
But other experts have said that more research must be done before the results can be proved.American scientist Angelo del Parigi of the John B.Pierce Laboratory in New Haven, Connecticut, said, “Looking at an fMRI alone cannot make sure whether the stronger reaction in women is due to innate (天生的) differences or a learned process.”
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。研究表明，由于女性受到广告、社会压力等的影响及其在历史长河中为家人准备食物的角色导致食物对女性的诱惑要比男性大。
5.Dr.Uher and his colleagues carried out the research by comparing________.
A.fMRI’s effectiveness on women and men
B.women’s and men’s reaction to different images
C.volunteers’ reaction to food before and after meals
D.volunteers’ reaction to different kinds of food
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第五段They found that the female brains reacted much more strongly than those of males及第六段中的The same reaction did not happen when they were shown non－food images可知，Uher博士比较了男性和女性在面对不同图片时大脑的反应是否一样。]
6.In Dr.Uher’s opinion, women react more strongly to food than men most probably because they are________.
A.told to do so for a long time B.influenced by advertisements
C.forced by powerful social influences D.born to do so due to biological reasons
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的But the more likely explanation is that women have a more complicated reaction to food because of social pressure可知答案。]
7.According to Professor Carey Cooper, women________.
A.turn to food when they feel sad
B.are stressed because of food safety
C.accept their social role from the heart
D.are satisfied with preparing food for their families
答案　A　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的food will be the way they express their stress.Food actually, is a comfort for women可知，食物可以带给女性安慰，因此女性伤心难过的时候会吃东西。]
8.What was Angelo del Parigi’s attitude towards the research results?
A.Surprised. B.Doubtful.
C.Uninterested. D.Curious.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Looking at an fMRI alone cannot make sure whether...可以看出，Angelo del Parigi对Uher博士的研究结果持怀疑的态度。]
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
If you are a do－it－yourself type of person, then learning how to build a greenhouse will provide you with a lot of satisfaction.You might want to build a greenhouse in order to protect your plants during the time the weather is extremely cold, or you may simply want to get an early start for the spring.__1__
The first thing you need to do is check your local laws.Do you need to get a building permit? Do you have to have your greenhouse plans first approved before you start building？__2__
Once you decide to build your greenhouse, you will need to determine what materials to purchase.Usually the greenhouse covering is constructed from polycarbonate (聚碳酸酯), glass, plastic, or fiberglass.__3__The frame will usually be made from wood or plastic piping.
Usually a larger greenhouse is called a hothouse or glasshouse.A smaller unit is referred to as a cold frame.__4__At the same time, you have to consider the budget you have available for materials, tools, and so forth.
Whatever you do, it is wise to have some kind of understanding of how to build a greenhouse before you begin.__5__You can also check out a how－to book from your local library or bookstore.However, if you are not certain about how to do it, then you might want to buy a greenhouse kit (成套工具).Inside the kit you will find all of the parts you need and the directions on how to fix them together.
A.Use recycled materials.
B.Greenhouse plans can be found online easily.
C.A greenhouse project is very different from normal gardening.
D.These materials allow the sunlight to shine through your greenhouse.
E.Be aware of all of these requirements, or you may experience a sad ending.
F.You should build your greenhouse based on the amount of space you have available.
G.Whatever reasons you have, knowing the basic steps of building a greenhouse counts.
答案　1.G　2.E　3.D　4.F　5.B
B卷　Ⅱ卷规范练(限时45′)
Ⅲ.语法填空
A food chain is __1__series of links between plants and animals.While the farmers produced more food for people，they __2__(break) the animals’ food chain and the animals died or had to move.This was a great mistake.And, __3__(fortunate), people are still making that mistake.
By 1900, Illinois and other Midwestern states were becom