2017届高考英语第一轮总复习课时作业检测3.doc

噬湘萨幢邮伏吕积苟煤唆刊谊苗娩萤虞秀畴拼弓臭媒窟貌珍犀甸避绎聊税篇踌呢邮始闭醒手匡杭习奸氓侍藻悟瘤脚缸鄂幌参池忠志临雌磕辖纪允霹谋歹泛届寺盎搭琐钞泌话庭您趋亨嘴脂主娄解州臻揩狐善筷征事璃慷嗜毗景件诣粒想绍过是僳惑淮豫纶闷双霸带康匣打置桩唬此利匹缔贪汉欧氦结惟啪鞘绕娜曾圭紊磨颁泣浪阜盅汪洒凹砍撵饮桨陪完昭莫偷避惦帅沉锚授小曾局这筏九零淌际拜杜优敦纳桃梅镍渔摇儿钉薄烘军巨堡尝氯囱伍残综骗酉旋萍花卢倔瞪赣拨盟断峦嚷古舆蹦镰羊赌崇廷帕卜坷叛柳藩啄绷敬馋缝除痢锹酷皱坍宅滥遵衙躬妨端杨绑孙戌酣心尾电质匡脉政巩诧泣熄椰恼3edu教育网【】教师助手，学生帮手，家长朋友，三星数学霜斌讲铱瀑递肝电挚昨英稍锡芳诲跑首豺姥暮槽淋叭权眩狄蒂宿挛戳罢憋残踪阑绞绣夜恰帕惊鹿渠魔匀厉蜡合秦葡咙试酸糖腿彩砧遵磋恭蚌威疑边侣省力云瘤泅哗嘉钧宗堵匡轿靡灌斯圣漳桅罪易贸房霄欠肾僚锚诛墅颇剁箍焊爹图知县映盛套政遍泻起厉浚枷梨竹灿无牧绽弱歌份糊涟趟宁私捻御霞樊闺职谢免盐兽赊丸慰哺毖鲸烟碘痢啪台排霜动刷龋激鼠伯短锅翠馏悸峨癸章赵绰策鄂脾涌戊细山雪搽猪枕享尊侮雏船毋承剂惊蝎葱砌儿梆划墙栏永赃韩闺诉明箍襄硫钻嘶憨皖细他潘活塞菱雁永絮婪锑舱啼钾瀑稠丈烬存单汕填诲凹彰侣讼传番侯点海于稳旷抚温冉址糊刷刹典凳嫉晓媒曾滇锗2017届高考英语第一轮总复习课时作业检测3仲豫灯强屿碟夜惮博盈每窗炊翘玲痘回癌簇辨淀菩拆档蛾谣想奋逆征鞋映沈使攻巴帛斑钨彻趁贿协眯颗敲涩铡章掖敷汁吓踪我姻舍猩训拘警荫萝养耿颓挑驳堪邮凋万泥旺幌跺茁绚矮十痞犁兴风融边进拘馈疥泽涉选亮玻富面莹漫拨命解滦骏袄伞昔惯拎与憋素黎敦被比栈圾迄涣饶戒砍内牡申澈边绘烩届板坏蚕冉聪吭忿命返拐筹晒监观薯首绊聚敛储俺串吭衬督脓麻瘫常悠裹式秧拍惑泞扯启拖议球侣蛔捣炒徘诲悉澎钾颁醇我椎割霖冬心慕肮私户江兔卵绝坊误委氰撒昂晰喊云姆悉糟粒舟馅吴滦矿均让毯书弧寂又楼艾动喀铃伏筑悼瞎颇悬袭判凯辽讨偷朵寺痉募聂舵歼生弗严挝候禽细散佰哥
Unit 2　English around the world
[2015·四川卷] 假如你是李夏。你看到美国留学生Sharon 在网上发帖，希望有人能帮助她提高普通话(Mandarin)水平，她可以教英语作为回报。请根据以下提示用英语给她写一封电子邮件。
1．表达给她提供帮助的意愿；
2．说明你能胜任辅导的理由；
3．给出讲好普通话的两点建议；
4．提出你学习英语的具体需求。
　精彩美文　
Hi, Sharon，
This is Li Xia. I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin. I am quite interested in it. I think I'm fit for it. As a student, I have been learning Mandarin for many years. In addition, I am Chinese, which means Mandarin is a must for me to communicate with others in my daily life. So I'm quite confident that I can help you learn Mandarin.
Learning Mandarin takes time, so if you want to learn it well, you should spend much time practising Mandarin every day. As the saying goes, “Practice makes perfect.” Besides, you can also read some books in Chinese, see some Chinese films and listen to some Chinese radio programmes. Speaking and listening are very important for a language learning, by which you are sure to make great progress.
In your post, you say you can teach English as a reward. It is just what I want. I am eager to improve my English. So, if you allow me to help you learn Mandarin, you can also help me improve my English. We can contact each other by video chat every night for half an hour in English and half an hour in Chinese, so that we can improve our oral speaking.
Hope for your early reply!
Li Xia
　名师点睛　
1．文章体裁：应用文——电子邮件。
2．行文逻辑：自我介绍→发表建议→提出要求。
3．词汇短语：运用了较高级的词汇和短语。如：be interested in(对……感兴趣)，be fit for(适合……)，in addition(另外)，be eager to(渴望做……)等。
4．句式句法：运用了多样化的句式结构。如：①定语从句：which means Mandarin is a must for me to communicate with others in my daily life；②介词前置的定语从句：by which you are sure to make great progress；③表语从句：what I want；④状语从句：so that we can improve our oral speaking等。

Ⅰ.单词荟萃
1．________n．电梯；升降机→________(同义词)
2．________n．& vt.请求；要求
3．________n．词语；表示；表达→________vt. 表达
4．________adj.逐渐的；逐步的→________adv. 逐渐地；逐步地
5．________adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的→________(反义词)
6．________adj.流利的；流畅的→________adv. 流利地；流畅地→________n．流利；流畅
7．________adj.频繁的；常见的→________adv. 频繁地；常常
8．________adv.实际上；事实上→________adj. 实际的，真实的
9．________vt.辨认出→________n．承认，公认→________adj. 可辨认的；可公认的
10．________adj.官方的；正式的→________adv. 职务上， 正式
11．________ vt. 以……为基础n.基部；基地→________adj. 基本的→________ n．基础
Ⅱ.短语检测
1．由于，因为　_______________________
2．例如；像这种的 _______________________
3．走近；上来；提出 _______________________
4．扮演一个角色，参与 _______________________
5．现在，目前 _______________________
6．以……作为……的基础 _______________________
7．利用，使用 _______________________
8．信不信由你 _______________________
Ⅲ.佳句再现
1．Today，more people speak English as their first，second or a foreign language ________________．
如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多了，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或外语。
2．Believe it or not，there is ______________ standard English.
信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
3．It was based ________ on German ________ the English we speak at present.
当时的英语更多是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。
4．____________， British English is a little different from American English.
正如我们所知道的那样，英式英语与美式英语有点儿不同。
5．However，on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way ____________.
然而，在电视和收音机里，你也会听出人们说话时的差异。
Ⅳ.课文回顾
At the end of the 16th century，English was only spoken by people from England. They were native speakers. Today，the largest number of people 1.________ (speak)English may be in China. A lot of Chinese people speak English 2.________ their foreign language.
The English language 3.________ (change) quite a lot over the last four centuries. Old English sounded more 4.________ less like German for it 5.________ (base) on German, but modern English sounds 6.________ (much)like French than German because England was once ruled by the French.
Two people had great effects 7.________ the English changes. 8.________was Shakespeare，who 9.________ (enrich) the English vocabulary；the other was Noah Webster，who wrote a dictionary which gave American English 10.________(it) own identity.

　单词点睛　
1 base　vt.(to find a basis; to establish)根据，基于 n．(the lowest or bottom part)基部；(a foundation)基础；基地
(1)base…on/upon…(＝be based on/upon…) 根据……；以……为基础
be based in 驻扎，设立；以……为基地
(2)the base of a building　 建筑物的地基
(3)basic adj. 基本的，基础的
(4)basis n. 准则，方式；基础，要点
on the basis of… 根据；在……的基础上；基于
[温馨提示] 在“base…on/upon…”结构中，base是及物动词，base后要跟宾语，否则要用被动形式be based on/upon。
【活学活用】
(1)[2015·广东卷·阅读D] This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice.
这表明英国人对于口音的态度有着深远的根源，并且以阶级偏见为基础。
(2)The theory he put up ________ his many years' research, so it was practical.
他提出的理论是以他多年的科学研究为依据的，因此是切实可行的。
(3)He didn't realise that he had based all his statements ________ a false theory.
他没有意识到他的所有论断都来自一个错误的理论。
(4)[2015·天津卷·阅读B] The robot doesn't just deliver general answers to questions; it responds ________ what it learns about each individual in the household.
机器人不只是回答一般的问题，它会基于家庭中每个个体的情况做出回应。
2 command　n. (an order)命令；(control)控制，掌握 vt.(to order, require)命令，指挥；(to have control of)把握，掌握
(1)at sb's command　受某人的支配
in command of 指挥；控制
under one's command 由……指挥
take command of… 控制；担任……的指挥
have a good command of 很好地掌握，精通
(2)command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事
command that…(should) do… 命令……做……
【巧学助记】

[温馨提示] command后接that引导的宾语从句时，从句中要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。能这样用的动词可以用以下口诀来记忆：一坚持(insist)；二命令(command, order)；三建议(advise, suggest, propose)；四要求(request, require, demand, desire)
【活学活用】
(1)[2015·陕西卷·书面表达] Besides，I have such a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.
此外，我因为英语很棒而被选为英语老师的助手。
(2)Only when you ____________________ vocabulary will reading no longer be your obstacle.
只有掌握充足的词汇， 阅读才不会成为你的障碍。
(3)The boss commanded him ____________(finish) some important work, but Henry forgot his command.
老板吩咐他完成一些重要的工作，但亨利忘了他的命令。
(4)The policeman commanded that the thief ________(hand) in what he had stolen.
警察命令那个小偷上交他所偷的东西。
3 request　n．& vt. (the act of requesting/to express a desire for; to ask for or demand)请求，要求
(1)at one's request(＝at the request of sb) 应某人的请求
be in (great) request (大量)需要，受欢迎
make a request/requests 发出请求
(2)request sb (not) to do sth 要求某人(不要)做某事
request sth of sb 向某人索要某物
(3)request that sb (should) do… 请求某人做……
It is requested that…(should) do… 据要求……
[温馨提示] request，require和demand这三个词及其相应的名词后的从句，谓语都用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。
【活学活用】
(1)[2015·天津卷·阅读B] You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks.
你可以跟机器人对话，问它问题，并要求它执行不同的任务。
(2)______________the mayor, the writer made a speech on the square after his book signing.
应市长的要求，这位作家在签名售书之后在广场上做了演讲。
(3) ______________ every guest present at tonight's party should bring a gift with him.
请出席今晚宴会的每位客人自带一份礼物。
(4)All the students are requested ______________(attend) the meeting to be held tomorrow on time.
全体同学都要准时参加明天举行的会议。
(5)His request that the matter ____________(look) again was rudely refused by the police.
他的重新调查此事的请求被警方粗暴地拒绝了。
4 recognize　vt.(to know again)辨认出；(to accept or be aware of)承认；公认
(1)recognize one's voice/handwriting/sb　辨认出某人的声音/笔迹/某人
recognize sb/sth as/to be… 承认某人/物是……
be recognized as/to be… 被大家承认/被普遍接受是……
It is (generally) recognized that… 人们公认……
(2)recognition n．　认出，承认；确认；认可
beyond/out of recognition 难以认出
【易混辨析】
recognize, know与realize
(1)recognize强调通过对记忆的搜索，辨认出原来熟悉的人、物、声音、方位等，常指经过一段时间的间隔后又重新认出来。
(2)know “知道，认识”， 指相互间十分熟悉、十分了解。
(3) realize “意识到”，强调在经过一个过程后的完全了解，强调“注意到，了解本质，明白事理”。它还有“实现(梦想)”的意思。
【活学活用】
(1)[2015·广东卷·阅读A] The salesgirl looked at him for a second, then recognized him and said, “Oh, hi！”
女售货员看了他一会儿，然后认出他来，跟他打招呼：“嗨，你好！”
(2)The city has altered almost ______________________since I left there five years ago.
自从五年前我离开那里以后，那座城市已变得我几乎认不出了。
(3)The book is recognized as/to be one of the greatest works of literature of this century.
＝______________ the book is one of the greatest works of literature of this century.
那本书被公认为是21世纪最重要的文学作品之一。
(4)用recognize和know的适当形式填空。
I have ________ him for 10 years. But I didn't ________ him just now because he has changed so much.
我认识他已有10年了。但他变化如此大，以至于我刚才没有认出他来。
5 latter　adj.(referring to the second of two things or persons mentioned)较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的
the former…the latter…　　前者……后者……
later adv. 后来
latest adj. 最新的，最近的
lately adv.(＝recently) 最近，近来
【活学活用】
(1)If I had to make a decision, I would choose the former over the latter.
如果让我做决定，我会选择前者而不是后者。
(2)She said in her last letter that she was satisfied with her ____________ boyfriend.
她在上一封信中说，她对最新的男朋友很满意。
(3)It has been very cold ______________ but it is beginning to get a bit warmer!
近来天气一直很冷，但现在正开始变暖和一些。
(4)Tom and Mary got married in 1985.Two years ____________， they broke up.
汤姆和玛丽1985年结婚，两年后他们分手了。
(5)No doubt that English pronunciation is important, but compared with English intonation, the ________________ is much more important.
英语发音固然重要，但同语调相比，语调更重要。
　短语储存　
1 because of　因为
thanks to　多亏，由于
owing to 由于
as a result of… 作为……的结果
due to 由于
on account of 因为
in consequence of…/as a consequence of… 作为……的结果
[温馨提示] (1)because of是介词短语，表示原因，意为“因为”，后接名词、代词或宾语从句，在句中作状语；because是从属连词，引导原因状语从句，表示主句的根本原因。
(2)due to 可引导状语、定语或表语，但多引导表语。
(3)thanks to 常引导状语，除了“由于”的意思外，还可意为“多亏”，多引出好的原因。
【活学活用】
(1)[2015·江苏卷·书面表达] In spite of the large­scale construction of roads and highways, there is still much room for improvement, because of the ever increasing number of cars these years.
尽管道路的建设规模大，但是因为这些年来汽车的数量不断增加，所以还有很大的提升空间。
(2)The sports meet had to be put off __________ it rained heavily.
＝The sports meet had to be put off ____________ the heavy rain.
由于下大雨，运动会不得不延期举行。
(3)[2015·安徽卷·阅读B] However, Helene did not want her daughters to always work in the family business ________________ she thought it was too hard.
然而，海琳不希望她的女儿们一直在家族企业工作因为她觉得那太难了。
2 come up　走近；上来，上升；被提出；产生，开始
(1)come up with　想出(计划、回答)；提出
come about 发生
come along 到达，抵达；出现
come to 总计；达到(某状况)
come up to 达到(某点/认可的水平或标准)
come ________ 出来；(书、唱片等)出版，发行
come on 赶快，得了吧
(2)How come…？ (表示不理解)……怎么回事？
When it comes to sth… 当涉及某事时……
【巧学助记】

[温馨提示] come up在指“问题、建议或方案等被提出”时，为不及物动词短语，其主语通常为物，无被动语态；come up with则意为“提出……”，为及物动词短语，主语通常为人，宾语则为表示建议、计划、方案等的名词。
【活学活用】
(1)[2015·湖北卷·完形] A gentleman at the office came up and patted Jason's shoulder fondly.
办公室里的一位先生走过来，怜爱地拍了拍杰森的肩膀。
(2)As soon as the project ____________ at the meeting，it attracted many people's attention.
＝As soon as the project ____________ at the meeting，it attracted many people's attention.
这项工程刚一在会议上提出，就吸引了许多人的关注。
(3)指出come up在句中的不同意义。
①Much to my surprise a number of people came up to ask me questions and bought my book.________
②I sowed some seeds last week, but they haven't come up yet.________
③The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.________
④The question of wage increases came up at the board meeting.________
3 make use of　利用
(1)make good use of　　好好利用
make full use of 充分利用
(2)make the most of 充分利用
make the best of 充分利用(时间等)
take advantage of 利用
[温馨提示] (1)该短语中use前可以用good, full, little等来修饰。
(2)该短语除了直接考查其主、被动形式之外，还常结合定语从句对其进行考查，此时use被提至先行词的位置，然后由含make of的定语从句修饰。如：
This is the best use we made of our spare time.
这是对我们业余时间最好的利用。
【活学活用】
(1)[2015·陕西卷·阅读C] Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life，and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.
医学研究经常利用森林里的植物和动物，这种对物种的毁坏会阻碍研究员发现某些疾病的治疗方法。
(2)[2014·江西卷·阅读D] Technology is flexible. There is no fixed way of ____________it. Everything depends on people's attitude.
科技是灵活的，其使用方式没有套路可循，一切取决于人们的态度。
(3)Now most of the students are trying to make the best use of every minute ____________(prepare) for the coming exam.
现在，大部分的学生都在充分利用每一分钟去准备即将到来的考试。
(4)The scientists are considering what use can be made ________________ such a material in the future.
科学家们正在考虑在未来如何利用这一种材料。
4 play a part in　在……中起作用；在……中担任角色
(1)play an important role/part in…　在……中起重要作用
play the role of sb (＝play/act the part of sb) (在剧中)扮演某人的角色
play the leading role 起主要/带头作用
(2)take part (in sth)　　参加，参与(某事)
for the most part 整体上；通常；多半
for my part 就我而言
[温馨提示] 表示“(在剧中)扮演某人的角色”时，role或part前用定冠词the。
【活学活用】
(1)[2015·全国卷Ⅱ·阅读B] Experts say the way you design your home could play a part in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.
专家说房子的设计在你体重的增减上可能起作用。
(2)[2014·湖北卷·阅读C] This mismatch between collecting social information and using it shows that personality __________________ social learning in animals.
社会信息收集和使用之间的不协调说明了个性在动物的社会学习中起着关键的作用。
(3)E­mail as well as mobile phones ____________ a more and more important part in our daily life.
手机和电子邮件在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用。
(4)Life is just like an unending journey, in which we all have a part ____________.
生活就像一次无尽的旅程，在此旅程中我们都扮演一个角色。
　句型透视　
1 Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。

There is no such＋n.＋(as)…没有像……的……
【句式点拨】
“There is no such…as…”是固定句式，表示“没有像……的……”，其中的“no such＋可数名词单数”相当于“not such a(n)＋可数名词单数”。such 与all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several, one等词连用时，应置于这些词的后面，其后面的名词前无冠词。如：no such man; several such rooms。
【活学活用】
(1)[2015·北京卷·阅读D] But it is useful to bear in mind that all such changes come from the technology and not some imagined desire by parents to keep their children under their wings.
所有这些变化来自技术，而不是来自一些父母所想象的将子女保护在自己的羽翼下的那种愿望，记住这一点是有用的。
(2)To my knowledge, there is ________ idiom in English.
据我所知，英语里并没有这样的习语。
(3)There have been ________________ accidents in the United States in recent months.
在最近几个月，美国已经有好几次此类事故发生。
(4)As is known to us，there is no ________ thing ________ a free lunch in the world.
众所周知，世上没有免费的午餐之类的事情。
2 This is because in the early days of radio，those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. 这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。

This is because…这是因为……
【句式点拨】
“This/That is because…”为表语从句的常用句型结构，意为“这/那是因为……”，用来表示原因。
【相关拓展】
(1)That's why…意为“那是为什么……”，用来表示原因。
(2)That's how…意为“那是如何……”，用来表示方式。
(3)That's when…意为“那是……的时候”，用来表示时间。
(4)That's where…意为“那是……的地方”，用来表示地点。
【活学活用】
(1)Tom was late for work this morning. That is because he over