2017-2018学年高二英语上学期学业分层测评试题4.doc
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4、n 1942. From an early age, he loved the sea. Ballard grew up in Southern California. He spent his free time at the beach near his home. He enjoyed fishing and swimming. He even learned to dive.When Ballard wasnt at the ocean, he loved reading about it. At age 10, he read Twenty Thousand Leagues Unde
5、r the Sea, a book which describes the undersea adventures of Captain Nemo. Ballard decided he wanted to be like Captain Nemo when he grew up. His parents helped him follow his dream.Ballard was a hardworking student. He spent many years learning all he could about the ocean. By the age of 28, he was
6、 an expert. In 1970,he took a job as a scientist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute in Massachusetts. There he studied underwater mountains of the Atlantic Ocean. He came up with ways to predict volcanoes under the oceans. Working with other scientists, Ballard also found previously unknown sea a
7、nimals. These animals lived far below the ocean s surface,where scientists had believed no animals could live. By the 1980s, Ballards interests changed. He developed unmanned vehicles to explore the ocean bottom. His first find, the wellknown ship Titanic, made Ballard famous. He was not happy with
8、just one big find, however.He looked for and found other wellknown ships. One was the German battleship Bismarck. Another was the USS. Yorktown,an aircraft carrier (航空母舰) that sank during World War .Today Robert Ballard is still an underwater explorer. He also heads an organization that encourages s
9、tudents to learn about science. Ballard hopes that some of the students will follow in his footsteps. After all, the worlds huge oceans are mostly unknown. Who knows what remains to be discovered under the sea?【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文,主要叙述了Robert Ballard成为水下探险家的经过。1What was Ballards dream when he was young?AT
10、o be a science teacher.BTo be a famous writer.CTo be an animal expert.DTo be an underwater explorer.【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Ballard decided he wanted to be like Captain Nemo when he grew up.”并结合第二段第二句可知,他的梦想是成为水下探险家。【答案】D2When Ballard worked at Woods Hole OceanographicInstitute, he_Aexplored the undersea
11、 world by shipBthought of ideas to predict underwatervolcanoesCfound some unknown sea animals aloneDset up an organization to teach students science【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第六句“He came up with ways to predict volcanoes under the oceans.”可知,他想出了预测水下火山爆发的方法。【答案】B3Which is the correct order of the events mention
12、ed in the text about Ballard?aHe found the German battleship Bismarck.bHe read a book about Captain Nemo.cHe found the famous ship Titanic.dHe became an expert in science.AbcdaBdbcaCbdca Ddcab【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知,他10岁时读了有关Nemo船长的书,根据第三段内容可知,他1970年时成为一名科学家;根据第四段内容可知,到20世纪80年代,他发现了泰坦尼克号,之后发现了德国俾斯麦号战舰。【
13、答案】C4What can we learn from the text?ABallard was greatly influenced by Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea.BBallard didnt like fishing and swimming in his childhood.CBallards parents felt disappointed at his undersea adventures.DHuman beings have explored more than half of the sea.【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段
14、内容可知,Robert Ballard读了海底两万里这本书使他明确了他的理想,并为之努力,最终获得了成功。因此这本书影响了他的一生。【答案】AB 【导学号:15680051】Coral reefs(珊瑚礁)are not just beautiful to look at, but also very useful. They shelter nearly 25% of ocean life and provide food for billions of people. However, like many other species, this amazing ecosystem(生态系统
15、)is in danger of dying out!There are two main reasons for the destructionthe rising carbon dioxide levels caused by global warming as well as human influences like bottom operation. While not much can be done about the former, the loss caused by the latter can be reduced.Bottom operation involves dr
16、opping nets to the ocean bed and then dragging them up when filled with fish. This action damaged the ocean floor, causing the coral branches to separate from the reefs. While that is very discouraging, the good news is that if these branches are found quickly, they can be saved. At present, that wo
17、rk is being performed by volunteer divers. But the method has only limited success because they cannot stay long underwater, nor reach depths of over 200 meters where some of the deepsea coral grows.However, this is not the case for Coralbotsthe robots that can constantly seek out broken branches. A
18、 team of coralbots, each individually working to simple rules will piece together damaged bits of coral, allowing them to regrow. They are programmed to be able to distinguish between other things and the coral. The robots work together in groups, similar to bees. If one coralbot is damaged then the
19、 others will still be able to complete the task.Dr LeaAnne Henry said, “The project of using coralbots offers us the possibility to restore(修复) the function of reefs. It is in the final stage of testing. Once ready, the researchers hope to build hundreds of them and use them effectively in the water
20、s off Scotland and then hopefully in the oceans across the world.”【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。美丽的珊瑚礁不仅在维系海洋生态平衡方面起着十分重要的作用,它与我们的日常生活也息息相关。对于面临灭绝的珊瑚礁我们能做点什么呢?5Which of the following is a cause of the danger that coral reefs are facing?AThe appearance of new creatures.BThe seriously polluted sea water.CThe activiti
21、es of volunteer divers.DHuman activities like bottom operation.【解析】事实细节题。根据第二段首句中的“.as well as human influences like bottom operation.”可知答案为D。【答案】D6Compared with volunteer divers, coralbots_.Acan stay longer underwaterBmust work as bees doCcan distinguish what is coralDcan never be damaged【解析】推理判断题。
22、由第三段可知,目前修复受损珊瑚礁的工作由潜水志愿者完成。但他们因为不能长时间待在水下而使工作效果大打折扣。再结合第四段首句可知机器人在水下停留的时间会长些。故答案为A。【答案】A7What does the underlined word“them” in the last paragraph refer to?ACoralbots. BBroken branches.CWorking bees. DBits of coral.【解析】词义猜测题。由上文可知,修复受损珊瑚礁的机器人目前还处于调试阶段。结合语境可以推断,一旦调试完毕,研究者们希望批量生产这种机器人。因此答案为A。【答案】A8We
23、 can infer from the passage that_Abottom operation has affected most underwater creaturesBbroken branches of coral can regrow if saved in timeChundreds of the coralbots have worked well in the oceansDwith the coralbots all damaged coral reefs can be restored【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段首句可知A项没有依据;由最后一段可知这种机器人尚未正式
24、投入使用,故排除C项;由于D项中的all一词过于绝对,此项也不可选。而根据倒数第二段中的“.constantly seek out broken branches”和“.piece together damaged bits of coral,allowing them to grow.”可知答案为B。【答案】BCLife in the ClearTransparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window. These animals typically l
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