新版8A牛津英语unit6-知识点.doc

教学目标：本单元知识点与语法讲解
Wele：
1．I often go to the market to watch the birds．我经常去市场观鸟。
watch the birds= go birdwatching意为“观鸟，看鸟”。to watch the birds是动词不定式作目的状语，对目的状语提问用why。
-Why did you get up so early this morning?
-To catch the first train.

表示“去某地”有三种情况：
(1)go＋表示地点的副词there，home等。
(2) go＋to＋表示地点的名词。go to school上学 go to work上班 go to college上大学
(3) go＋to＋the＋表示地点的名词。 go to the factory去工厂 go to the park去公园
探究点二：look，see和watch有何区别？
(1)从词义上看：look通常表示主动地、有意识地“看”，侧重指看的行为；（动作）
see通常指看的客观结果，即“看见”；（结果）
watch也指有意识地看，但往往指仔细地盯着事物的变化。（过程）
I looked hard but saw nothing.
If you watch (look) carefully, you will see how I do it.
(2)从是否及物来看：
①look通常为不及物动词，若接宾语，其后须接介词（如：at，for，after等）。
Look at the blackboard．
②see可用作及物或不及物动词。 It was so dark that I could hardly see (it).
③watch通常为及物动词。 Did you watch the tennis match?
(3)从时态上看：look和watch可用于进行时态，而see作为感官动词，一般不用于进行时态。
但有时表示有意识的行为（如表示“看望”、“会见”、“陪送”等），也可用于进行时态。
He is seeing his friend off.他在送他的朋友。
(4)从表达习惯上看：看图片、看黑板等，通常用动词短语look at；
看戏、看电影、看话剧、看演出等通常用动词see（有时也可用watch，但不如用see常见）；
另外，看展览、看风景、看望朋友等也通常要用动词see；看电视、看比赛等通常用动词watch。
用watch，look (at)或see的适当形式填空
②I like_______ TV。
③What can you_______ in the tree?
④_______! The boy_______ the girl's face.

2. I like the birds at the market.
market”．市场；集市。at the market “在市场上”。
I bought some salt and sugar at the market.
市场上有各种各样的蔬菜。There are all kinds of vegetables______________.

3. What's your favourite bird, Simon?西蒙，你最喜爱的鸟是什么？
favourite在此为形容词作定语，后面跟名词；
favourite也可用作名词， “特别喜欢的人或事物”。
Which is your favourite subject?
[知识拓展] like…best的意思是“最喜欢……”，在句子中一般作谓语。
I like English best of all the subjects.
[同义句转换]
What food do you like best?= What_______ your_______ food?

4．How many types of cranes are there in the world?世界上有多少种鹤？
[指点迷津] type的同义词是kind。
how many types也可说成how many kinds。
How many types/kinds of books are there on the shelf?

5. What do cranes look like?
对外貌、长相的询问句型：

A．根据句意、首字母或汉语提示完成句子。
1．Most of us like_______（观鸟）．
2. Can I buy this kind of books at the_______（市场）?
3．The quilt(被子)is made of_______（羽毛）．
4. What's wrong with the bird's_______（翅膀）?
5. I never see such a bird. It is really r_______.
6. - What t_______ of sport do you like best? - Football.
7. There is a b_______ river near our school. It takes us minutes to walk across the bridge.
8. We call a chick's mother h_______.
9. There are some s_______ singing in the tall tree now.
10. The girl is in white and looks like a beautiful s_______.
B．单项选择。
( )1. There are different_______ in the shop. I like all of them.
A. type of shoe B. types of shoes C. type of shoes D. types of shoe
( )2. They usually buy daily things_______ the market.
A. on B．at C．for D．to
( )3. -What_______ they _______? - They are strong.
A. are; like B．do; like C. are; look like D. do; look like
( )4. -What's_______ place of interest? - The Great Wall.
A. your the favourite B. the your favourite C. your favouritest D. your favourite
( )5.I often go to school_______ my son.
A. see B．to see C．to look at D．to watch
( )6. My father and I often go to the market_______ some food.
A. buy B．to buy C．.to buying D．buying
C．根据汉语提示完成句子。
1．他不喜欢观鸟。 He____________________________.
2．我每天去市场买食物。 I go to the market_____________________ every day.
3．架子上有八种书。 _____________________on the shelf.
4．这是我最喜爱的鹤。 This is_____________________.
5．天鹅长什么样子？ ______do swans_______?

Reading：
1. Zhalong Nature Reserve is in Heilongjiang Province in North-east China.
探究点一： nature reserve “自然保护区”，其中nature名词， “大自然，自然界”。
Please love nature and protect the environment!
[知识拓展] nature的形容词是natural，意为“自然的；天然的；自然界的”，可用作定语或表语。
We visited a museum of natural history yesterday.
用nature的适当形式填空
①We should eat more_______ food and eat less dried or fried food.
②Miss Li often tells us about_______ after class.

探究点二：north-east的用法是什么？
north-east是名词，“东北方”。类似的有：north-west（西北方），south-east(东南方)，south-west（西南方）。
Jilin Province is in North-east China.
in North-east China “在中国的东北”，是专有名词，此时方向词前不加冠词the。如果是泛指，就必须加the。两者是包含关系时，用in； 两者是接壤关系时，则用on; 如果两者不是包含或接壤关系时，用to。
Jiangsu is on the east of Anhui.
Japan is to the east of China.

2. The area provides food and cover for a lot of wildlife.
探究点：本句中的for能改为to吗？
provide sth. for sb./sth. “为某人／某物提供某物”，相当于provide sb. /sth. with sth.。
offer ：
eg: She provided her father with all the food and money he needed.
那些天史密斯先生为我们提供食物。
①Mr Smith_______ us those days.
②Mr Smith_______ us______________ those days.

Cover n. 封面、掩盖物 v、覆盖/掩盖 cover …with (be covered with) ；
The girl covered her faces with hands.

3. Many birds live in Zhalong all year round, while some go there only for a short stay.
许多鸟常年生活在扎龙，然而有些鸟只在那儿短暂停留。
探究点一： (1) all year round “常年，终年；一年到头”，相当于all the year round，during the whole year。
Some places in the world are covered with ice and snow all year round.
①这儿常年下雪。 It snows here_______．
(2) while作连词，意为“然而，可是”，有转折之意，表示前后两种动作的对比。
探究点二：for a short stay的意思是什么？它在句中起什么作用？用什么进行提问？
for a short stay “短暂的停留”，在句中作状语，stay在此用作名词。
“for＋一段时间”常跟在动词后，表示“做某事一段时间”，对它提问时用how long。
I can only e here for a short stay.
②我们将在南通稍作停留。
We will go to Nantong_______．

4. There are not many cranes left in the world, and 40 per cent of them live in Zhalong.
世界上的鹤所剩不多，且40%的鹤住在扎龙。
(1) not与many，every，each，all等词连用表示部分否定。
Not all the boys likes playing basketball. =Not every boy likes playing basketball.
并非所有男孩都喜欢打篮球。
(2) 40 per cent of意为“40%的”。“百分数+of+名词”此结构作主语时，谓语动词与名词的数保持一致。如：
80 per cent of the fruit goes bad.

5. Some people want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings．
有些人想要让湿地变得更小以便为开垦农场和建造楼房腾出更多的空地。
探究点一： in order to意为“为了”，后接动词原形，在句中作目的状语。
In order to make more money, he does two jobs.
①为了见他，我开车行走了很长一段路。
I drove a long way______________．

探究点二： have/ make space for… “给……腾出地方”，相当于have/make room for…，
其中space/room是不可数名词，意思是“地方；空间”。
Can you make space/room for my bike, Millie?
( )② -Could you move over a little and make some_______ for me? - Sure．
A. seat B. space C. rooms D. ground

6. This will lead to less and less space for wildlife.这将导致野生动物的生存空间越来越少。
探究点： lead to意为“导致/通向”。
Too much homework leads to too little sleep.
Too many cars leads to a traffic jam.
①恶劣的天气导致了那次交通事故。
The bad weather_______.
②这条路通向我们城市。
The road______________ our city.

7. Now the Chinese government has made laws to prevent all these things in Zhalong.
现在中国政府已经制定法律阻止所有这些事情在扎龙发生。
探究点一： make laws “制定法律”。
We should make laws to prevent people cutting down trees.
①政府已制定法律保护湿地。
The government______________ to protect the wetlands.

探究点二：prevent的意思是_______。
[指点迷津] prevent的意思是“阻止”，prevent sb. (from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事。
=stop sb.( from) doing sth. = keep sb. from doing sth.
Who prevented the boy (from) playing games?

( )②We will prevent them _______more houses in the wetlands.
A. build B. to build C. to building D. building
8. Once a year, the members of our Birdwatching Society go to study the birds in Zhalong.
一年一次，我们观鸟协会的成员们去扎龙研究鸟。
探究点： study在本句中是动词，意思是“研究”。
Eg: He is studying the lifestyle of bears in the wild.
我叔叔是位动物学家。他研究丹顶鹤 My uncle is a zoologist. He_______ red-crowned cranes.

9. We record their types and changes in their numbers. 我们记录它们的种类和在数量上的变化。
探究点一： record在此用作动词，其意思是“记录；录音”，读作/ri'ko：d/。
I will record what you say.我将把你说的话录下来。
[知识拓展] record还可用作名词，意为“记录；录音；唱片”，读作／'reko：d/。
Please play the record again.
①这个摄像头记录了发生的一切。
The camera______________．

探究点二：the changes in their numbers的意思是_______ ，其中changes是_______词。
[指点迷津] the changes in their numbers的意思是“它们在数量上的变化”，
其中change是名词，意思是“变化；改变”，介词短语in their numbers作它的后置定语。表示在某一方面的变化或改变，通常用介词in。
Eg: We see the great changes of this city with our own eyes.
There will be a great change in the programme.节目将会有很大的变动。

[知识拓展] for a change的意思是“换个方式”。
We usually go there by bus, but this time we'll go by bike for a change.
②Do you know the__________ (change) in the numbers of the students in these schools?

10. We are now inviting them to help us. 我们现在正邀请他们帮助我们。
探究点 invite v. invitation n.
invite sb. to do sth.的意思是“邀请某人做某事”。 invite sb. to +地点
We will invite him to visit our school.
我将邀请她参加我的生日聚会。
I will______________ her ______________my birthday party.

11. We hope this will help people understand the importance of the wetlands.
探究点：importance和important有什么联系？
importance是名词，意为“重要性”；其形容词是important，意为“重要的”。
We must understand the importance of protecting the environment.
我们必须明白保护环境的重要性。
Many young people just don't know the_______ (important) of health.
练习
A．根据句意、首字母或汉语提示完成句子。
1. We_______（提供） lots of food and clothes for the children every year.
2. Every year, a lot of t_______ travel to Beijing.
3. I like English w_______ my sister likes Russian.
4. Can you understand the i_______ of protecting the wetlands?
5. Please d_______ how the accident happened.
B. 单项选择。
( )1. - Why is Zhalong Nature Reserve important? - Because it can provide food and cover _______wildlife.
A. to B．in C．on D．for
( )2. _______animals are in danger because there is_______ space for them.
A. More and more; less and less B. More and more; more and more
C. Less and less; more and more D. Less and less; less and less
( )3. She invited her English friends_______ her wedding.
A. to attending B. to attend C. attend D. attending
( )4. They got up early_______ the early bus.
A. to catching B. in order to catch C. catching D. catch
( )5. Nothing can prevent us_______ the wildlife.
A. to protecting B. protecting C. protect D. protected
C．根据汉语提示完成句子。
1．我们能做些什么来保护野生动物？ _______can we do______________？
2．越来越少的人喜欢吸烟。 ______________people______________．
3．我喜欢一年到头住在南方。 I like living in the south_____________________.
4．为了赶上他，我日夜苦学。 ______________catch up with him, I study hard day and night.
5．我们学校有百分之八十的学生来自农村。
______________in our school_______ the countryside.