初中英语--现在进行时-过去进行时(含练习).doc

专题复习--现在进行时
一．意义：
现在进行时是表示现在、说话瞬间或当前一直正在做着的动作.
▲ 二．构成:
be (am, is ,are )+动词现在分词（-ing形式）

三. 动词的现在分词的构成：
（1）一般在动词末尾直接加ing, read→reading; work→working
（2）以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加ing，
如 skate →skating make →making dance → dancing write → writing have → having ride → riding come → coming type→typing
（3）少数几个以ie结尾的动词要变ie为y, 再加-ing
die→dying tie→tying lie→lying
★（4）辅+元+辅结构，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing,
如： putting running beginning stopping swimming shopping jogging sitting getting forgetting letting digging
planning preferring

四、现在进行时的句型转换：
肯定句： 主语 + be + 现在分词V-ing (+ 其他)
Eg1. I’m doing my homework now.
Eg2. She is singing at the moment.
Eg3. They are playing computer games now.

否定句：主语+be+not+动词-ing +其他.
Eg1. I’m not doing my homework now.
Eg2. She isn’t singing at the moment.
Eg3. They aren’t playing computer games now.

一般疑问句：Be+主语+动词-ing +其他？
Eg1. Are you doing your home work now?
---Yes, I am. ---No, I’m not.
Eg2. Is she singing at the moment?
---Yes, she is. ---No, she isn’t.
Eg3. Are they playing computer games now?
---Yes, they are. ---No, they aren’t.

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他？
Eg1. What are you doing now?
Eg2. Who is he talking to?
Eg3. Where are they dancing?
五、现在进行时的时间标志及用法：
1）一般句中用到表示“在现在”的时间状语，如：now, right now, at the moment 或It’s+几点钟”句型，常判断用现在进行时。
Eg: Let’s go fast. Mr. Wu is waiting for us now/ right now/ at the moment.
Eg. It’s six o’clock. The children are playing basketball.

(2)句中用到“Listen！” “Look!” “Keep quiet” “Don’t make noise!”等提示语时，表明说话间另一个动作正在进行，这时，句子也要用现在进行时。
Eg: Keep quiet! The teachers are talking in the office.
Eg. Look! They are playing basketball on the playground.
Eg. Don’t make noise! The baby is sleeping.
Eg. Listen! She is singing in the room.

(3)现在进行时常用来表示在当前一直做着的动词，这时句中常用these days ,all the time等时间状语。
Eg: These days, uncle Wang is building a small room for his dog.
Eg. Conditions are changing all the time.

(4)通过上下文句义，表明某一动作是现在或说话瞬间发生的动作，这个句子也要用现在进行时态。
Eg: --- Is your mother at home?
---Yes, she is .she is watching TV.
Eg. ---Where is Tom?
---He is running on the playground.

(5)表示状态和感觉的词，如：know, love, like, look like, want, hear, see, believe, look, smell, taste, feel, sound 一般不能用于进行时态，因为他们不能表示正在进行的动作。
Eg: Look! There are some sheep on the hill.
Eg. Look! The boat looks like a duck.
Eg. Now. I want to go to Beijing.

(6)对于无法持续动作的词，一般常用现在进行时表示将来。如：go，come，start，move，sail，leave，arrive，stay，live, fly
Eg. We are leaving on Friday.
Eg. I’m coming.

课堂练习：
一、 写出下列动词的现在分词形式：
wait live grow
play have sleep
fly sing come
go read get
rain draw put
二、根据句意，用所给动词的适当形式填空：
1. Listen, Mr. Wu on the phone (talk).
2. I soccer now. I’m walking (not play)
3. ---Is your father at home?
---Yes, he is .He a TV show. (watch)
4. They to go to the shop now. (want)
5. --- you for your friends? (wait)
---No, I’m not.
6. Steve is very busy. He a letter (write)
7. Don’t speak! My father (sleep).
8. It’s twelve o’clock. The students (have) lunch.
9. Don’t go out! It outside. (rain)
10. ---Why are you standing here , Dave？
---I for Scott. (wait)
11. The boys (help) their mother in the kitchen now.
12. The sky is blue and the sun (shine).
13. What those people (do) now? They (look)
at the pictures.
14. Look, Sam (dig) in the garden.
15. Are you (think) about your English lesson?
16. The children (listen) to the music.
17. he (run) on the playground?
18. Jim and Pat (read) right now?
19. What are they doing? They (swim) in the sea?
20. What are you doing? I (play) the piano.

三、 按要求改写句子。
1. The children are making a model. (否定句)

2. Tim is eating an apple. (一般疑问句)

3. Are you doing your homework now? (作肯定和否定回答)

4. They are studying at home. (at school) (改为选择疑问句)
they at home at school?
5. Miss Wang is sitting in a sofa. (对划线部分提问)

6. They are working in a factory these days.

7. She is learning the piano this year. (用learning the violin 改为选择疑问句)

8. Helen’s father is cleaning his car. (对划线部分提问)

9. I am reading English in the garden. (对划线部分提问)
10. Tom and Bob are listening to the radio. (对划线部分提问)

11. I am wanting to buy a hot dog for my lunch. (改错)

课后练习：
一、 写出下列动词的现在分词形式：
study turn build
win close help
shine do read
sit run stop

二、将下列句子改为现在进行时，必要时可加now, at the moment等单词或词组。
1. I write a letter.
2. My father walks in the garden.
3. Do they travel to London?
4. The train stops at the station.
5. The man doesn’t cut down a tree.
6. Where do they play football?

三、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. the girls (open) the windows now?
2. I not (make) cards.
3. She (not write) letters.
4. Lucy (draw) the picture in the room right now.
5. Ted (drive) a bus on his way home at the moment.
6. Look! The little cat (eat) the beef.
7. Listen! Who (cry) in the next room?
8. Is your father at home? Yes, he (read) newspaper.
9. What they (dig) now?
10. Be careful! The bus (come).
11. It is six o’clock and he his breakfast. He always
his breakfast at six o’clock. (have)
12. “Where are you going?” “I fishing.”
“How often you ”
“I fishing once every two weeks.” (go)
13. She a rest now. She usually a rest after lunch. (have)
14. I (believe) you (tell) the truth now.
15. The poor dog (look) ill.

专题复习—过去进行时
一、 意义
过去进行时常表示过去某一时刻或过去某一阶段内正在进行的动作。
二、构成
be (was/ were )+动词现在分词（-ing形式）

三、动词的现在分词的构成：（同现在进行时）

四、 过去进行时的句型转换
肯定句：主语+was/were+doing+其它
Eg1. He was cooking at six last night.
Eg2. I was reading a book at that time/ then.
Eg3. They were writing a report at nine yesterday.

否定句：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它
Eg1. He wasn’t cooking at six last night.
Eg2. I wasn’t reading a book at that time/ then.
Eg3. They weren’t writing a report at nine yesterday.

一般疑问句及答语：Was/Were+主语+doing+其它
Eg1. Was he cooking at six last night?
Eg2. Were you reading a book at that time/ then?
Eg3. Were they writing a report at nine yesterday?

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它
Eg1. What was he doing at six last night？
Eg2. Where were you reading a book then?
Eg3. Who was talking to the teacher at ten yesterday?

五、 过去进行时常见时间标志词和用法
      ①过去某个时间正在发生的动作
Eg. He was cooking at six last night.
②过去某段时间正在发生的动作
例：I was staying here from March to May last year.

与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有 at nine last night;
at that time= then; at this time yesterday; at ten yesterday；
from 9 to ten yesterday;
from 4 to six last night; from March to May last year

六、与过去进行时连用的固定句型（when/while当……时候）
While只能跟延续性动词连用，when既能引导延续性动词，也能引导非延续性动词。
1）过去进行时 + while +过去进行时
2）过去进行时 + when + 一般过去时
3）一般过去时+ when/while + 过去进行时
Eg1. Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV.
Eg2. Jim was reading when the teacher came in.
Eg3. Jim came in while/when Kate was watching TV.

七、 注意一般过去时和过去进行时的区别
He watched TV last night. （过去时间last night, 用一般过去时）
He was watching TV at nine last night. (过去时间last night+点时间at nine, 用过去进行时)

课堂练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词形式。
do hide walk
go blow watch
cry slip dance
see fall skate

二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. I______ (play) computer games at ten last night.
2. Jim’s family ______ (have) supper when I came in.
3. It _______ (rain) hard at this time yesterday.
4. What ____you ____ (do) while I____ (make) a model plane.
5. He ___just _____ (leave) when the telephone rang.
6. We ________ (have) a P.E class at four yesterday.
7. They __________ (read) at eight yesterday evening.
8. I ________ (do) my homework at that time when you called me.
9._____ you _______ (sweep) the floor while your mother _________ (cook)?
10. We (not talk) with each other yesterday morning.
11. What ___ you _____(do) at eight last night?
12. I (work) from six to eight every evening two years ago.
13. She (walk) home when she _____(see) her old friend.
14. I (read) a novel when I ______(have) a sudden idea.
15. Colin _________ (play) football with them at seven yesterday evening.
16.____ they ____ (help) you with your English from 8 to 10 last night?
17.We (listen) to the music while they (dance) .
18. My son (brush) his teeth when I _______(call) him.
三、按要求改写下列句子。
1. It was raining hard when we left the cinema. (否定句)

2. We were watching TV this time yesterday. (一般疑问句)

3. Were you talking on the phone when the doorbell rang? (作肯定回答和否定回答)

4. She was reading at nine o’clock last night. (用watching TV改为选择疑问句)
5. They were working in a factory those days. (对划线部分提问)

6. They were having a volleyball match this time last week. (对划线部分提问)

7. The policemen were running after a thief at 8 last night. (对划线部分提问)

8. The teacher was talking with a naughty boy when the telephone rang. (对划线部分提问)

课后练习：
一、 单项选择
1. He hurt his foot while he the tree.
A. climbed B. was climbing C. is climbing D. climbs
2. While mother , father was smoking.
A. cooks B. cooked C. was cooking D. is cooking
3. When I met her in the shop, Mary a scarf.
A. buys B. bought C. is buying D. was buying
4. It to rain when we a meeting.
A. began; had B. began; were having
C. begin; begin D. begins; began
5. We at the airport when she arrived.
A. were waiting B. wait B. waited D. are waiting
6. The man down while he for the bus.
A. was falling; ran B. fell; ran
C. was falling; was running D. fell; runs
7. Mary a dress when she cut her finger.
A. is making B. was making C. makes D. made
8. We dinner when someone knocked at the door.
A. were having B. was having C. had D. are having
9. As the wind , the rain was falling.
A. blows B. were blowing C. was blowing D. is blowing
10. you books at that time the day before yesterday?
A. Are; reading B. Were; reading
C. was; reading D. Did; read

二、用所给词的正确形式填空。
1. I (play) table tennis at four this afternoon.
2. She (read) a book when I came.
3. ---What he (wear) when you saw him?
---He (wear) a T-shirt and old jeans.
4. A lot of children (wait) outside the classroom when the teacher arrived.
5. While Peter (buy) the hamburgers, Anne and Sue
(look) for a table.
6. It (get) dark when we finished work.
7. When we (walk) past a dog, it barked.
8. The two boys (fight) when their teacher came into the classroom.
9. The door closed suddenly as the wind (blow) heavily outside.
10. The children (sleep) in the bedroom while their mother was reading a book.

3、通过活动，使学生养成博览群书的好习惯。
B比率分析法和比较分析法不能测算出各因素的影响程度。√
C采用约当产量比例法，分配原材料费用与分配加工费用所用的完工率都是一致的。Ｘ
C采用直接分配法分配辅助生产费用时，应考虑各辅助生产车间之间相互提供产品或劳务的情况。错
C产品的实际生产成本包括废品损失和停工损失。√
C成本报表是对外报告的会计报表。×
C成本分析的首要程序是发现问题、分析原因。×
C成本会计的对象是指成本核算。×
C成本计算的辅助方法一般应与基本方法结合使用而不单独使用。√
C成本计算方法中的最基本的方法是分步法。X
D当车间生产多种产品时，“废品损失”、“停工损失”的借方余额，月末均直接记入该产品的产品成本
中。×
D定额法是为了简化成本计算而采用的一种成本计算方法。×
F“废品损失”账户月末没有余额。√
F废品损失是指在生产过程中发现和入库后发现的不可修复废品的生产成本和可修复废品的修复费用。Ｘ
F分步法的一个重要特点是各步骤之间要进行成本结转。(√)
G各月末在产品数量变化不大的产品，可不计算月末在产品成本。错
G工资费用就是成本项目。(×)
G归集在基本生产车间的制造费用最后均应分配计入产品成本中。对
J计算计时工资费用，应以考勤记录中的工作时间记录为依据。(√)
J简化的分批法就是不计算在产品成本的分批法。(×)
J简化分批法是不分批计算在产品成本的方法。对
J加班加点工资既可能是直接计人费用，又可能是间接计人费用。√
J接生产工艺过程的特点，工业企业的生产可分为大量生产、成批生产和单件生产三种，X
K可修复废品是指技术上可以修复使用的废品。错
K可修复废品是指经过修理可以使用，而不管修复费用在经济上是否合算的废品。Ｘ
P品种法只适用于大量大批的单步骤生产的企业。×
Q企业的制造费用一定要通过“制造费用”科目核算。Ｘ
Q企业职工的医药费、医务部门、职工浴室等部门职工的工资，均应通过“应付工资”科目核算。Ｘ
S生产车间耗用的材料，全部计入“直接材料”成本项目。Ｘ
S适应生产特点和管理要求，采用适当的成本计算方法，是成本核算的基础工作。(×)
W完工产品费用等于月初在产品费用加本月生产费用减月末在产品费用。对
Y“预提费用”可能出现借方余额，其性质属于资产，实际上是待摊费用。对
Y引起资产和负债同时减少的支出是费用性支出。X
Y以应付票据去偿付购买材料的费用，是成本性支出。X
Y原材料分工序一次投入与原材料在每道工序陆续投入，其完工率的计算方法是完全一致的。Ｘ
Y运用连环替代法进行分析，即使随意改变各构成因素的替换顺序，各因素的影响结果加总后仍等于指标的总差异，因此更换各因索替换顺序，不会影响分析的结果。(×)
Z在产品品种规格繁多的情况下，应该采用分类法计算产品成本。对
Z直接生产费用就是直接计人费用。X
Z逐步结转分步法也称为计列半成品分步法。√

A按年度计划分配率分配制造费用，“制造费用”账户月末(可能有月末余额/可能有借方余额/可能有贷方余额/可能无月末余额)。
A按年度计划分配率分配制造费用的方法适用于(季节性生产企业)

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