初中英语被动语态专项练习.doc

九年级复习之被动语态
I.教学目标
1.让学生掌握被动语态的各个时态的用法
2.让学生掌握主动语态和被动语态之间的转换
II.教学重点与难点
熟练掌握被动语态及用法
III.教学过程
语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。
一．被动语态的时态：
1.一般现在时的被动语态： am /is/ are +动词的过去分词
2.一般过去时的被动语态： was /were +动词的过去分词
3.一般将来时的被动语态： will be +动词的过去分词
4.现在进行时的被动语态： am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词
5.现在完成时的被动语态： have /has +been +动词的过去分词
6.情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词 + be +动词的过去分词
二．被动语态的基本用法:
(1) 需要强调动作的承受者时
The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the world
English is widely spoken in the world now.
(2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时
Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today .
The problem is dealt with now .
(3) 当说话人需要强调客观时
It is said that she was a beauty when she was young .
三．主动主动语态变被动语态的变法：
口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done ,时不变，数格必须随被变。
注：1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
2.主动、被动的句式要一致。
3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
语态转换不被动语态的步骤
1, 把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语
2, 把动词改为被动语态形式即"be+过去分词"。
3, 原来主动语态句子中的主语,如果需要就放在by的后面以它的宾格形式出现(因为by是介词,后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语。)以指明做事的人或物,如果没有必要,可以省略。
4, 其它成分不变
5, 被动语态中"by+宾语"的省略
被动语态句式中的"by+宾语"表示及物动词所表示动作的执行者,但是在遇到以下情况时,表示动作执行者"by +宾语"常常被省略。
(1) 动作执行者不确定时
Paper is made from wood .
Many people are killed in traffic accidents every year .
(2) 不必表明动作执行者时
English is also spoken as the second language as well as one of the official languages
Football is played in most schools。
(3 ) 动作执行者为一般大众时
Both English and Spanish are spoken in this area.
主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况:
1, 当宾语是反身代词时 The man introduced himself as Mr.Parker .
2,当谓语是表示状态的及物动词时 Does the pair of new shoes suit you?
We will have a meeting .
四．特殊情况的被动语态：
1.带双宾语的被动语态：
动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)
口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。
1).give/pass /show 与介词to 搭配。
give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb .
2).buy/make/cook 与介词for 搭配。
buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sb
He gave me a book
I ______ ______ a book by him.
A book ____ ____ _____ me by him .
My mother made me a cake .
I ____ _____ a cake by my mother
A cake ____ ____ ____ me by my mother .
2.带省to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth .
口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去被动语态to回来。
动词：make / let /have /see /hear /feel /watch
make sb do sth ----sb + be +made +to do sth
The boss made the workers work all day
The workers ____ ____ ____ work all day by the boss.
3. see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth 句型中变被动语态时doing 不变。
I heard Tom singing just now Tom _____ _____ _____ by me just now .
4.以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。
We should take care of the old . The old should ______ _____ _____ _____ .
五．注意事项：
1.有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态：
last ,have ,own …..belong to ,suit…fine ,
2.不及物动词是没有被动语态：
happen ,take place ,appear , hold (容纳)
3.系动词是没有被动语态：Look, feel ,sound ,smell ,taste ….
The dish tastes good .
4.有些词组没有被动语态：sell well , write well ,ride well ,drive well
This kind of skirt sells well.
5.need表示需要时，后面常接doing 形式表示被动意义，相当于to be done .
All the computers need repairing .=
All the computers need _____ _____ _____ .
6.在too…to…及enough to …结构中有时表示被动意义。
The problem is too difficult to solve.
初中英语被动语态专项练习
 1. The People's Republic of China ___ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found
2. English ____ in Canada. A. speaks   B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken
3. This English song___   by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung
4. This kind of car ___    in Japan. A. makes B. made C. is making D. is made
5. New computers ___ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used
6. Our room must ___ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep
7. ---I'd like to buy that coat. ---I'm sorry. ___. A. it sold B. it's selling C. It's been sold D. it had been sold
8. A new house ___ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building
9. The key ___  on the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left
10. Doctors ___ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need
11. His new book___ next month. A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published
12. Japanese ___ in every country.A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking
13. These papers___yet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written
14. The sports meet ___ be held until next week. A. didn't B. won't C. isn't D. doesn't
15. ---My shoes are worn out.  ---_______________
A. Can't they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Can't they mended ?
16. ___ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it. A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are
17. ___ these desks be needed? A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do
18. Why ___ to talk about it yesterday?
A. didn't a meeting hold B. wasn't a meeting held C. wasn't held a meeting D. a meeting wasn't held
19. Who was the book___? A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by
20. Where ___ these boxes made? A. was B. were C. is D. am
21. The flowers___often. A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water
22. The books may___ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow
23. The teacher made him___ his homework. A. to do B. do C. did D. done
24. The boy___ streets without pay in the old days.
A. was made to clean B. made clean C. made to clean D. was made clean
25. These children____dance. A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to
26. Thesestones___well. A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted
27. The bike ___ 500 yuan. A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed
28. The important meeting ___ on a cold morning last year. A. was had B. was held C. held D. had
29. Great changes___ in the past ten years in China.
A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place
30. You can't use the computer, it____. A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken down
31. Great changes___in our country during the past 20 years.
A. have happened B. happened C. have been happened D. were happened
32. The watch has often ___ down. A. sat B. lain C. broken D. fell
33. Please pass me another cup. This one___. A. is broken B. is breaking C. broke D. broken
34. The story books___ by the writer in the 1960s. A. are written B. were written C. are writing D. were writin
35. What time ___ the door ___ every day? A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close
36. Can he___himself? A. get dress B. get dressed C. gets dressed D. instead of
37. He fell from his bike and ___. A. is hurt B. gets hurt C. got hurt D. hurt
38. Lookout, please keep away from the fire, or your trousers will__. A. burnt B. burn C. burning D. get burn
39. The apple___very sweet. A. is tasted B. taste C. tastes D. are tasting
40. You___ more beautiful in the light blue shirt. A. see B. watch C. look D. look at
41. What you said ___like a good idea. A. heard B. listened C. sound D. sounded
42. -What do you think of the TV play? -Wonderful. It is worth__ a second time.
A. watching B. watched C. seen D. seeing
43. How dirty the tables are! They need___. A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleaned
44. The book is worth ___. A. seeing B. reading C. seen D. read
45. The broken bike____ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mende
46. The old bridge in my hometown___ next month.
A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt
47. The play ___ at the theatre next Sunday. A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown
48. The old stone bridge ___ next week.
A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild
49. Now these magazines___ in the library for a long time.
A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept
50. The pot ___ for ___ hot water. A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep
51. Tea ___ in the south of China. A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow
55. The bridges___ two years ago. WO It's a Haidian top problem. A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built
56. Wet clothes are often ___ up near a fire in rainy weather. A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung
57. The river smells terrible. People must ___ dirty things into it.
A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing
58. The teapot ___ water. A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled
59. Old people must be looked after well and ___ politely. A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to
61. Newly-born babies___in hospital.
A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care
62. They were___ at the sudden noise. A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens
63. These walls___stone. A. are made of B. made of C. are made into D. made into
64. Jane ___ to sing us an American song last Saturday. A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said
65. The papers ___ to them. A. were shown B. show C. shown D. have shown
66. The coat___her sister. A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to
67. I ___ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not. A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given
68. Good care____such things. A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be taken of
69. If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner．
 A．are not kept；will have to  B． are not kept；haveC． do not keep；will have to   D． do not keep；have to
70. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.
A. developed    B. have developed   C. are being developed  D. will have been developed
71. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off．
--- Yes，it all depends on the weather． A． I've been told      B．I've told   C． I'm told    D． I told
72. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.
A. has completed      B. completes C. has been completed    D. is completed
73. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.
A. cut      B. are cut   C. are being cut     D. had been cut
74. The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.
A. has been designed    B. had been designed   C. was designed     D. would be designed
75. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.
A. breaks       B. has broken    C. was broken      D. had been broken
76. Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___. A. have been taken place; have been set up
   B. have taken place; have been set up C. have taken place; have set up    D. were taken place; were set up
77. That suit __ over 60 dollars. A. had costed     B. costed     C. is costed      D. cost
78. --- Look! Everything here is under construction. A. is being built     B. has been built
--- What’s the pretty small house that __ for? C. is built      D. is building
79.--- Do you like the material?
--- Yes, it ___ very soft. A. is feeling    B. felt      C. feels         D. is felt
80. It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese． A． write    B． to write    C． to be written    D． written
81. I have no more letters ____ ，thank you． A． to type      B． typing   C． to be typed     D． typed
82. Take care! Don’t drop the ink on your shirt, for it __ easily.
A. won’t wash out   B. won’t be washed out   C. isn’t washed out   D. isn’t washing out
84. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ___.
A. be put up    B. give in    C. be turned on     D. go out
85. The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith. A. belongs   B. are belonged to  C. belongs to D. belong to
86. --- What do you think of the book?
---Oh, excellent. It’s worth ___ a second time. A. to read     B. to be read     C. reading       D. being read
87. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___. A. catching    B. to be caught  C. being caught    D. to catch
88. This page needed ___ again. A. being checked    B. checked    C. to check     D. to be checked
89. An accident ____ on this road last week.
A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened
90. Your shoes ____. You need a new pair.
A. wear out B. worn out C. are worn out D. is worn
91. The People's Republic of China ___ on October 1, 1949.
     A. found   B. was   founded   C. is founded     D. was found

3、通过活动，使学生养成博览群书的好习惯。
B比率分析法和比较分析法不能测算出各因素的影响程度。√
C采用约当产量比例法，分配原材料费用与分配加工费用所用的完工率都是一致的。Ｘ
C采用直接分配法分配辅助生产费用时，应考虑各辅助生产车间之间相互提供产品或劳务的情况。错
C产品的实际生产成本包括废品损失和停工损失。√
C成本报表是对外报告的会计报表。×
C成本分析的首要程序是发现问题、分析原因。×
C成本会计的对象是指成本核算。×
C成本计算的辅助方法一般应与基本方法结合使用而不单独使用。√
C成本计算方法中的最基本的方法是分步法。X
D当车间生产多种产品时，“废品损失”、“停工损失”的借方余额，月末均直接记入该产品的产品成本
中。×
D定额法是为了简化成本计算而采用的一种成本计算方法。×
F“废品损失”账户月末没有余额。√
F废品损失是指在生产过程中发现和入库后发现的不可修复废品的生产成本和可修复废品的修复费用。Ｘ
F分步法的一个重要特点是各步骤之间要进行成本结转。(√)
G各月末在产品数量变化不大的产品，可不计算月末在产品成本。错
G工资费用就是成本项目。(×)
G归集在基本生产车间的制造费用最后均应分配计入产品成本中。对
J计算计时工资费用，应以考勤记录中的工作时间记录为依据。(√)
J简化的分批法就是不计算在产品成本的分批法。(×)
J简化分批法是不分批计算在产品成本的方法。对
J加班加点工资既可能是直接计人费用，又可能是间接计人费用。√
J接生产工艺过程的特点，工业企业的生产可分为大量生产、成批生产和单件生产三种，X
K可修复废品是指技术上可以修复使用的废品。错
K可修复废品是指经过修理可以使用，而不管修复费用在经济上是否合算的废品。Ｘ
P品种法只适用于大量大批的单步骤生产的企业。×
Q企业的制造费用一定要通过“制造费用”科目核算。Ｘ
Q企业职工的医药费、医务部门、职工浴室等部门职工的工资，均应通过“应付工资”科目核算。Ｘ
S生产车间耗用的材料，全部计入“直接材料”成本项目。Ｘ
S适应生产特点和管理要求，采用适当的成本计算方法，是成本核算的基础工作。(×)
W完工产品费用等于月初在产品费用加本月生产费用减月末在产品费用。对
Y“预提费用”可能出现借方余额，其性质属于资产，实际上是待摊费用。对
Y引起资产和负债同时减少的支出是费用性支出。X
Y以应付票据去偿付购买材料的费用，是成本性支出。X
Y原材料分工序一次投入与原材料在每道工序陆续投入，其完工率的计算方法是完全一致的。Ｘ
Y运用连环替代法进行分析，即使随意改变各构成因素的替换顺序，各因素的影响结果加总后仍等于指标的总差异，因此更换各因索替换顺序，不会影响分析的结果。(×)
Z在产品品种规格繁多的情况下，应该采用分类法计算产品成本。对
Z直接生产费用就是直接计人费用。X
Z逐步结转分步法也称为计列半成品分步法。√

A按年度计划分配率分配制造费用，“制造费用”账户月末(可能有月末余额/可能有借方余额/可能有贷方余额/可能无月末余额)。
A按年度计划分配率分配制造费用的方法适用于(季节性生产企业)

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