高中英语考试读后续写段落构建素材必背.docx

八种不同情绪相应的肢体动作、面部表情表达

情感
相应的肢体动作、面部表情表达
开心
delighted /excited
burst into laughter(突然大笑), clap one’s hands(拍手), Eyes twinkle.(两眼发光), rin from ear to ear（笑得合不拢嘴）；wear a broad smile (笑容灿烂), jump up and cheer(跃起欢呼)；eyes shining with wild joy and lips curving into a smile （眼里闪烁着狂喜的光芒，嘴角微微一笑）
失望
upset   /disappointed
lower one’s head(低下了头), One’s heart sinks.(心情沉重),drag one’s feet (拖着步伐)；hold back tears (抑制住眼泪)；eyes are wet with tears (眼含泪水)；sigh with disappointment (失望地叹气)；in low spirits（情绪低落）；heart seemed to be torn （心都要碎了）；feel a lump in my throat（喉咙哽咽）
紧张
Nervous.
anxious  
restless 
have butterflies in one’s stomach（七上八下），feel like sit on pins and needles(入坐 针毡）, walk back and forth（来回) ;feel my heart beating wildly  （感觉心跳加速）；my palms are sweating and knees are soft （我的手心出汗，膝盖发软）；tremble with panic  （吓得发抖）
尴尬/羞愧
embarrassed  
awkward     
shamed  
flush with embarrassment（窘红了脸）；drop my head in shame（羞愧地低下了头）；feel my face burning（脸上滚烫）；want the floor to swallow me up （想找个地缝钻进去）
愤怒
furious   rage          
mad/angry
anger boils over sb.  (怒气冲天)；glare at  (怒视)；flush with anger (气得脸通红)
face twists with rage (脸因为愤怒而扭曲)；be shaking/speechless with rage  (气得颤抖/说不出话来)；gnash my teeth  (咬牙切齿)；clench my fists  (捏紧拳头)；stamp my feet in anger  (气得直跺脚)
感动Grateful
/moved 
take sb in one’s arms (拥抱), tears stream down, 
hold one’s hands tightly(紧握双手), bow to sb (鞠躬)
害怕/tense
Frightened 
/scared 
Nervous 
freeze on the spot(僵在那里), One’s mind goes blank.(脑子一片空白), 
Palms sweat （掌心流汗）, Legs tremble(双腿发抖). One’s throat tightens.(哽咽）
his face turn pale(脸色苍白)，hold one’s breath (屏住呼吸)
One’s heart beats/pounds violently.(心脏剧烈跳动). 
惊讶Surprised
/shocked 

freeze（froze） on the spot (当场僵住), One’s mouth hangs/drops open (张大嘴). 
widen one’s eyes (瞪大眼睛), sb's jaw dropped (目瞪口呆); eyes widened with surprise/shock (惊讶地睁大了眼睛)
be shocked beyond words/description (震惊地说不出话)
三种情绪描写句式

(一)：情绪形容词1+情绪形容词2,  sb do sth,  doing sth. 
感到...和..., 某人做某事1, 并做某事2
1.Delighted and confident, Director Xie shown his great talent for dancing, hoping to attract more people to visit his hometown.感到开心和自信的，解局长展示了他舞蹈的天赋，希望吸引更多的人来他家乡旅游。
2.Nervous and scared, Peter managed to step onto the stage, starting to deliver his speech. (感到)紧张和害怕,彼得勉力走上舞台,开始发表演讲。
3.Determined and inspired, David raised his head, looking at me with gratitude. 感到坚定和受到鼓舞，David抬起头，感激地看着我。
练习：
1. _________________(感到沮丧和无助的), Eric burst in tears, wondering what to do next.
2._________________________(感到放松的和快乐的), David waved at me immediately after crossing the finish line , conveying his happiness and gratitude . （2022全国1卷）
答案：1.Discouraged and hopeless   
2. Relaxed and delighted
(二)、情绪形容词+as sb+be动词，sb (still) do sth. 
尽管某人（感到）...，某人仍做某事
1.尽管很紧张， David 决心完成赛跑。Nervous as he was , David became determined to finish the race. 
2.尽管很伤心，他还是竭力忍住眼泪。    Sad as he was, he tried hard to hold back his tears.   
3.尽管很着急和不情愿，我还是按照爸爸的要求去洗碗。Anxious and unwilling as I was, I still did the dishes at Dad's request.
练习：
1._____________________________________ (尽管他很害怕和紧张), Helctor still plucked up his courage to explain what had happened to Mr. Alder.
2._____________________________________, he carried on climbing the mountain.(尽管他又累又饿)  
答案：1.Scared and anxious as he was   
2. Exhausted and hungry as he was
(三)、sb was so+情绪adj+that从句: 某人如此... ...以至于
倒装句：so+情绪adj + was +sb +that从句   某人如此... ...以至于
1.他吓得一句话也说不出来。So scared was he that he was unable to utter a single word.
2.她太伤心了，突然哭了起来。So sad was she that she burst into crying.
3.她气得忍不住大叫起来。So angry was she that she couldn’t help shouting.
练习：
1.                 that she slept on the ground. 简太累了，只好睡在地上。
2.________________that my mind went blank. 我太紧张了，脑子一片空白。
3.                                 that I walked closer to hug them tightly.我被深深地感动了，走近紧紧地拥抱他们.
4.                           that my face turned pale and my palms were sweating．我如此害怕以至于脸色变得苍白，手心出汗。
答案：1. So exhausted was Jane   
2. So anxious was I   
3. So deeply moved was I 
4. So terrified was I 
六种身体动作描写表达
眼的动作
spot /watch /observe/ notice   glance at /gaze at/ stare at/glare at     
catch a glimpse of        偷瞄一眼  peer over one's shoulder    回头看
stare sb up and down上下打量着看 raise/lift one's eyes    抬起眼睛
one's eyes widen     瞪大眼睛take one's eyes off        把视线移开
[具体描写]
1. 看+with/in great surprise/ amazement/sorrow/ sadness/joy/ delight  (介词短语修饰)
2. 看+ excitedly carefully happily / sadly  (副词修怖)
嘴的动作
add 补充说  continue 继续说    whisper 悄悄说  criticize 批评   comfort 安慰 apologize 道歉   remind 提醒 promise 许诺   warn 警告   yell/scream at sb.某人尖叫 respond回应
[具体描写]
1.  说+情绪类副词(happily, excitedly, worriedly, disappointedly, sadly, surprisedly...)
 I said to my mum happily, “Mom, I have passed the exam!”
2.  说.+with+情绪类名词（excitement, surprise, fear, worry, joy, happiness, regret, guilt, doubt, sorrow...）
I asked with surprise, “Why did you say so?”
3.  说.+in+情绪类名词（delight, fear, despair, relief）
  Mom cried in relief, “Finally, we found you!”
4.  说.+ in a +形容词(low, happy, caring, angry, soft, mild, ...)+voice/tone
Tom comforted me in a caring voice, “Trust yourself. You can make it!”
5.  说.+ in a +形容词(low, high)+spirit
 I responded in a low spirit(失落地), “I am afraid I can’t join in the final competition.”
脚的动作
kick the door/ball hard. 用力踢门/球crawl 匍匐行进,爬行 flee/escape from 逃离  wander/stroll   漫步闲逛；skip 蹦蹦跳跳着走；slip into/out of 悄悄溜进/溜出；dash to猛冲向；  rush to冲向 ；make one's way to前往某处
头的动作
hung/dropped/lowered/bent/bowed his head in shame.羞愧地低下了头nodded one’s heads in agreement. 点头同意；shake one’s head in disbelief 怀疑地摇摇头 put/held one’s head in one’s hands双手抱头
脸的动作
A bright smile appeared on/ spread across/ crossed his face.脸上露出了灿烂的笑容；one’s face lit up/brightened/glowed脸上焕发出了光彩；have a slight frown on his face.愁眉不展 ；one’s face paled with fright.吓得脸都白了
手的动作
reached for one’s hand and held it tightly. 伸手抓住手并紧紧握住；hold hands手拉手；one’s hands shook/trembled 手颤抖着；hold out/reach out a hand伸出手；put one’s hands to one’s cheeks 双手捂住脸
两种动作描写句式+三种动作的润色方法
1.Having done sth., 主句
Having receivedthe admission letter, Tom was seized by excitement. 
2.done/doing sth.,主句
Criticized bymy teacher, I lowered my head and flushed with guilty.被老师批评，惭愧低头。
3.动词+tightly/cheerfully/ hopefully/helplessly/desperately/ fiercely(fight)/ violently/swiftly
4.动词+in+情感名词(terror/excitement/shock/sorrow…)
5.动词+with+情感名词
(delight/pleasure/excitement/satisfaction/anger)
环境描写的三大招式

大招一：形容词+意象+动词+副词/方位介短
1）The wind blew.
改写：The gentle warm wind blew softly on the face.
2）The trees waved.
改写：The tall green trees waved quietly on the roadsides.
3）The sun shone.
改写：The morning sun shone on the ground warmly and gently.
大招二：写景+比喻+特点: 
句式：写景句(本体)，+ like + 喻体+ that从句/非谓语动词

1. The stars are in the sky.
---The bright stars scattered in the sky, like gems twinkling brilliantly. 天上的星星像宝石一样闪闪发光。
2. The tree is waving. 
--- The trees waved wildly in the air, like drunken man trembling from side to side. 树像醉汉一样摇摇晃晃。
大招三：情景交融：写景+感受
意象+动词ing，+ 感受：
句式一：（无灵主语）a ripple of +情感名词 ran through sb’s heart; a flood of +情感名词 welled up in sb. 
句式二：（人称主语）sb. was brimmed over with +情感名词；sb. was immersed in +情感名词.
The icy wind howling, a ripple of tension ran through his heart.
示例：It got dark.
--- The world was burdened with a sea of darkness. A sense of horror creeping up on me. I immediately turned around to slide into the bed and curled up.

其他景物描写
阳光描写：
The cozy sunshine filtered through the window, dancing and whirling in my eyes, sparkling with exhilaration.(阳光喜悦).舒适的阳光透过窗户透过，在我的眼睛里跳舞和旋转，闪烁着兴奋的光芒。whirl v.回旋，打转
Thesun filtered through the clouds, signaling the end of the rain. 阳光穿过云层，预示着雨的结束。
Thescorching sun beat down on my head.炙热的阳光照在我的头顶。

鸟鸣
The sounds of the insects, thechirping birds and the larger animals created a symphony of nature calling you deeper.(自然和谐).昆虫、叽叽喳喳的鸟和较大的动物的声音创造了一种大自然的交响乐，更深沉地呼唤你。
（chirp v.吱喳叫 symphony n.交响乐）
Theyheard the twitter/chatter of birds among the bushes.他们听到树丛中鸟儿发出的叽叽喳喳声。
阴天：
The skywas overcast with dark clouds. (overcast adj.阴天的).
夜幕降临
Biding farewell to the last beams of sunlight,darkness gradually swallowed /enveloped everything on the horizon and shrouded the whole world eventually. (黑暗降临) 等待最后一缕阳光，黑暗逐渐吞噬了地平线上的一切，最终笼罩了整个世界。(bide vt.等待 shroud vt.覆盖；隐藏)
An absolute darkness ruled the forest.（描写黑暗）
Thenight settled in. 夜幕降临
Thesun sank behind the hills. 太阳落山。

繁星点点
The sky was dotted with sparkling stars.天上繁星点点。
Clusters of stars decorated the vast sky like sparkling jewels.繁星像闪闪发光的珠宝一样装饰了浩瀚的天空。
The stars shone like diamonds.星星如砖石般闪耀。
Twinkling infinity of stars and balmy breeze seemed to also celebrate my luck. (星空喜悦) 无数闪烁的星星和温和的微风似乎也在庆祝我的好运。infinity n.无限 balmy adj.温暖惬意的
水面
The surface of the sea was gilded with a layer of silvery light. (海面).海面上镀上了一层银色的光。gild vt.使如金子般生光(或生辉、生色)
The water was deep blue and sunlight glittered on its looking glass-clear surface.湖水澄蓝，波平如镜，阳光照在湖上熠熠生辉。
水声
The gurgle of the stream soothed me.潺潺的流水声让我很放松。
She could hear water trickling somewhere at a distance.
My dad and I spent the night in the guest room of the farm house listening to the frogs and water rolling down the river nearby.
花
In his hands was a bunch of red flowers, brilliant like the dazzling flame, with glistening dew rolling on the delicate petals, like crystalline pearls dotted on the red silk satin.他手里拿着一束红色的花朵，像耀眼的火焰，闪烁的露珠在精致的花瓣上滚动，像水晶般的珍珠点缀在红色的丝绸缎子上。(petal n.花瓣 crystalline adj.水晶般的)
树叶
The leaves rustled in the wind.树叶在风中沙沙作响。
雪
The snowflakes were swirling and dancing in the wind whispering gently by his ears, shiny like crystals. 雪花在风中旋转着，在他耳边轻轻地低语着，像水晶一样闪闪发光。
雷声
The thunder was rumbling in the distance.雷声在远处发出隆隆声。

掌声
Thunderous applause erupted from the kids with everyone hailing David.雷鸣般的掌声
Thunderous applause and cheers filled the air with a chorus of “Come on, David!”
风
A gust/waft of wind blew and parted the drooping branches of the weeping willow like a curtain.一整风吹，吹起了弯柳的低垂枝条，就像卷起的窗帘。
（寒风刺骨）The icy wind started howling, cutting my face like a sharp knife.寒风开始咆哮，像锋利的小刀一样刺痛了我的脸。
The wind was so bone-chilling that it cut right through me.寒风刺骨
A cold breeze wafted through her soft hair.冷冷的微风吹过她柔软的发梢。
The storm was at its height.暴风刮得正猛。
沿途风景
The scenery along the journey is just like a breath-taking landscape painting.沿路的风景就像一幅美丽的山水画卷。

寂静
A heavy silence blanketed the room.整个房子沉浸在一篇寂静中。
There were a deathly stillness in the house.（描写死寂）
The house seemed quiet as a tomb without the boy living there.

紧张氛围
It suddenly seemed frighteningly quiet.The air was charged with tension.

火灾烟雾
Thick black smoke was pouring out of the roof.黑色浓烟从屋顶滚滚冒出。
Flames shot into the night sky.火焰冲向天空。

气味
The heavy scent of roses perfumed the air. 浓浓的玫瑰香在空气中弥漫着。
It was not long before a perfect breakfast was well done,giving off a nice smell.
An inviting smell of coffee wafted into the room. 一股诱人的咖啡香味飘进了房间。(waft v.飘荡）

快乐和谐氛围
Radiantlaughter burst out from the room constantly, and the whole family was enveloped/immersed in overwhelming happiness.沉浸在喜悦之中
All of them beamed with great joy, the laughter echoing in the room.笑声在放家里回荡。
A golden shaft of sunlight, filtering in through the window and, together with love between family members, wrapped up two souls.透过窗户的阳光包裹住...