初中英语时态总结(较简单).doc

1、一般现在时：
l 用法:
1)现阶段经常性，习惯性的动作。例如： I get up at six every morning. He plays tennis once a week.
2)现在的状态。例如：My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in a school.
3）客观真理。例如：The earth goes around the sun.
4）常用于一般现在时态的时间状语：often ，usually ，sometimes ，always ，every day ，never ，in the morning 等连用时。
l 构成：主语是I, we, you, they和名词复数时作谓语的行为动词用原形。主语是he, she , it和名词单数时，动词第三人称单数的变法如下：
一般情况
＋s
以s, x, ch, sh,o结尾
＋es
以辅音＋y结尾
变y为i＋es
主语为第三人称和名词单数时：
肯定式:S+V/动词的第三人称单数 否定式:S+ don't/doesn't +V+其他 疑问式:Do/Does+S+V+其他
简略回答:(肯)Yes,S+do/does (否)No,S+do/does not
注意：have的第三人称单数为has
主 语
肯 定 式
否 定 式
疑 问 式

第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数
I am a student.
We/You/ They are students.
He/ She is a student.

I / We/ You/ They/ like music.
Many people like music.
I am not a student.
We/You/ They are not students.
He/ She is not a student.
I / We/ You/ They/ don’t like music.
Many people don’t like music.
Are you a student.
Are you/ they students?
Is he/ she a student?

Do you/ they like music?
Do many people like music?
l 当主语是第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数时：肯定式: S + be +··· 否定式: S+ be +not + ···
疑问式: Am /Is /Are + S+ ···? 简略回答: (肯) Yes,S + be. (否) No,S + be.
练习题：
1. --- May I help you, sir? --- Yes, I bought the TV the day before yesterday, but it ______.
A. didn’t work B. doesn’t work C. won’t work D. can’t work
2．______ the bus until it ______..
A. Get off, stops B. Get off, will stop C. Don’t get off, stops D. Don’t get off, will stop
3．The 70-year-old man ______ exercises in the morning.
A. takes B. are taking C. took D. will take
2. 现在进行时
l 用法： 1）说话时正在进行或发生的动作（动作是在说话时正在进行）。例如：She is having a bath now.
2）现阶段正在进行或发生的动作（但是动作并不是必须在说话时正在进行）。例如：
You are working hard today. Kate wants to work in Italy, so she is learning Italian.
The population of the world is growing very fast.
3）频度副词always, forever等词连用时， 表示某种强烈的感情。如：
He is always trying out new ideas. (表示欣赏，表扬)
4）表示按计划即将发生的动作（仅限于go, come, arrive, leave, start, fly, begin, stay 等动词）。如：
The party is beginning at 8:00 o’clock..
5) 常用于现在进行时态的时间状语： now ,look,listen等。
l 构成：be+ v-ing
v-ing现在分词的构成：
一般情况
cook-cooking
以不发音字母e结尾的单词。去e,加ing
make-making, taste-tasting
以重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母时.
run-running, stop-stopping,
2)肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句 ： S+be +V-ing 否定句：S+be+not + V-ing
一般疑问句：Is(Are)+S+V-ing？ 特殊疑问：wh_+ be + S + V-ing?
e.g.
主 语
肯 定 式
否 定 式
疑 问 式
第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数
I am driving.
He/She/It is working.
We/You/They are doing something.

I am not driving.
He/She/It is not working.
We/You/They are not doing anything.

Are you driving?
Is he/she/it working?
Are you/they doing something?

练习题：
1．I don’t think that it’s true. She’s ______ lies. A. tell B. tells C. telling D. told
2. How ______ you ______ with the new job?
A. do, do B. do, get along C. are, doing D. are, getting on
3．--- Are these socks yours? --- No. Mine ______ outside on the clothes line.
A. are hanging B. have hung C. hang D. hung
3．一般将来时
l 用法： 1．将要发生的动作。例如： I will leave for Beijing tomorrow.
2．将要存在的状态。例如： This time next year I will be in Japan. Where will you be?
3．打算要做的事。 例如： Are you going to watch the film on television tonight?
3) 常用于一般将来时的时间状语：tomorrow next week in 2008 等。
l 构成：
1. 助动词will(shall)+v 2. be +going to +v
练习题：
1. I______ for Hong Kong on Saturday. Will you go to see me off at the airport？
A. am leaving B. am left C. am going to leaving D. left
2.I______ to see grandma and help her with some housework every week.
A. came B. am going come C. come D. will come
3.We Chinese ______ the Olympic Games in 2008.
A. held B. shall holding C. are holding D. are going to hold
4．一般过去时
l 用法：
1． 过去发生的动作。例如： The police stopped me on my way home last night.
2． 过去存在的状态。例如：They weren't able to come because they were so busy.
3. 常用于一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday，three months ago，last year，in 1979，等。
l 构成：S+V-ed
用动词的过去式。作谓语的行为动词的词尾变化如下：
一般情况
+ed
以e字母结尾的辅音
+d
以辅音字母＋y结尾
去y变i＋ed
重读闭音节结尾的单词，末尾只有一个辅音字母
双写词尾字母+ed
2）一般过去时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和like为例）：
主 语
肯 定 式
否 定 式
疑 问 式

第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数
I was a student.
We/You/ They were students.
He/ She was a student.

I / We/ You/ They/ liked music.
Many people liked music.
I was not a student.
We/You/ They were not students.
He/ She was not a student.
I / We/ You/ They/ didn’t like music.
Many people didn’t like music.
Were you a student.
Were you/ they students?
Was he/ she a student?

Did you/ they like music?
Did many people like music?
练习题：
1． Mr. Mott is out. But he ______ here a few minutes ago. A. was B. is C. will be D. would be
2．---Hi, Tom. ---Hello, Fancy. I ______ you were here.
A.don’t know B.won’t think C. think D. didn’t know
3．He promised to tell me by himself when I ______. A. come B. would come C. come D. had come
5、过去进行时
l 概念： 1)过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作。 例如： This time last year I was living in Brazil.
What were you doing at 10 o'clock last night?
2)常用于过去进行时的时间状语：at four yesterday afternoon，then，at that time/moment 等。
l 构成： was / were +v-ing
1）Daddy promised me he _____ me a computer A. was bought B. had bought C bought D. would buy
2）They said they ______ do some sports if it was fine.
A. were going to B. went C. would going D. were going
6、现在完成时
l 概念：1)表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.常与already, just, ever, never, before等词连用. 如:
She has never read this novel.
2)表示 “过去的动作”一直延续到现在并有可能继续延续下去. 常与for (后跟段时间)或since (后跟点时间)等连用.如: I have been a member of the Party for 10 years.
I have been a member of the Party since 10 years ago.
注：在有for 和since 引导时间状语的句子中不能用短暂性动词，应用与之相应的表示状态的词。如：
He has died for 3 years.(F) He has been dead for 3 years.(T)
注：①现在完成时不能和表示明确的过去时间连用。如：in 1998, last morning等
②have/has been to 表示“去过”（去了又回来了） have/has gone to 表示“去过”（去了没回来了）
如：Where has she gone?(句中所指的人不在) Where has she been?(句中作指的人在)
l 构成：have / has + v-ing
2）现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和see为例）：
肯定句：S+ have（has）+V-ed 否定句：S+ have（has）+not(haven’t,hasn’t)+V-ed
一般疑问句：Have(Has)+ S+V-ed+？ 特殊疑问句：wh_+have(has)+ S+V-ed+？
主 语
肯 定 式
否 定 式
疑 问 式

第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数
I /We/You/ They have been here before.
He/ She has been here before.
.I / We/ You/ They/ Many people have seen the film.

I /We/You/ They haven’t been here before.
He/ She hasn’t been here before .
.I / We/ You/ They/ Many people haven’t seen the film.
Have you/ they been here before?
Has he/ she been here before?
Have you/ they/ many people seen the film?

练习题：
1.--How long ______ he ______ a fever? --- Ever since last night.
A. have, got B. have , had C. have, caught D. did, have
2.My bowl is empty. Who ______ all my soup?
A. drinks B. had drunk C. has drunk D. drank
3. I ______ you for a long time. Where ______ you ______?
A. Didn’t seen; did, go B. didn’t see; have, gone C. haven’t seen; have, been D. haven’t seen; have gone

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中考英语时态真题集锦
1.——What do you do?
——I’m an engineer. I _____ in a company in Wuhan. I like my job very much.
A. work B. had worked
C. will work D. worked
2.—Is your father a doctor?
—Yes, he is. He________ in Town Hospital.
A. has worked B. had worked
C. works D. worked
3.Every year many foreigners _________to China to learn Chinese.
A. have come B. comes C. came D. come
4.My mother will take me to the movie if she_________free this weekend.
A. is B. will be C. was D. would be
5.The girls will have a trip if it _________fine.
A. is B. was C. will be D. has been
6.——Where’s Susan, Mike?
——She _________ in the kitchen.
A. cooks B. cooked C. is cooking D. has cooked
7.——Have you got a job offer?
——Not yet. I ___________.
A. waited B. am waiting
C. wait D. was waiting
8.——Do you think John will help me move the piano?
—You’d better not ask him. He____ a composition.
A. write B. writes
C. is writing D. wrote
9.——Where’s the children, Mr Black?
——Oh, they ______ their PE lesson on the playground.
A. have B. had
C. are having D. have had
10.——What’s your brother doing in his room now?
——He ____________ a kite.
A. makes B. made
C. is making D. will make
11. ---Where is Frank now?
---He _______ his bike in the yard.
A. fixes up B. fixing up
C. is fixing up D. fixed
12.——Mary, could you help me?
——Wait a moment. I _________.
A. read a book B. did my homework
C. was watching TV D. am cooking dinner
13.——Listen，who _________ in the room?
——Let’s go and see.
A. is crying B. crying C. cry D. cries
14.——Are you a baby-sister here?
——No. I ________after the baby instead of Ms Green. She is away for shopping.
A. look B. am looking
C. have looked D. looked
15.—What’s the best food have you had in Beijing, Alex?
—Roast duck! I _________to a famous restaurant to have it last week.
A. have gone B. go C. will go D. went
16.——Do you know how many gold medals the 23-year-old Michael Phelps _____at the 2008 Summer Olympic Games?
——Eight.
A. win B. wins C. won D. has won
17.We were in Qingdao last week and __ great fun there.
A. will have B. have had
C. had D. have
18.Yesterday，Tony’s family _________ a good time.
A. has B. have C. had
19.I’m sorry you’ve missed the train. It__10 minutes ago.
A. left B. has left C. had left
20.——Mr Green, __________you________ Three Lanes and Alleys（三坊七巷）last Sunday?
——No, but I’ll visit them next week.
A. will; go to B. have; been to
C. did; go to D. have; gone to
21.——What did the teacher say just now?
——He _____us not to play computer games all day.
A. tells B. told C. has told D. is told
22.——Inventors have changed the way we live.
—So they are famous for the great things they _____.
A. do B. did C. are doing D. had done
23.——Where’s the cake I made this morning?
——We ____ it, mum. Can you make another one for us?
A. ate B. eat C. will it D. were eating
24.——Have you mended your shoes，Bob?
——Yes，I_________ them twenty minutes ago
A．have mended B．mend
C．had mended D．mended
25.——The office was broken into last night．Someone thinks you did it．
—But I_ the whole night with my best friend，John．
A．spend B．am spending
C．spent D．had spent
26.——When _____ for Hong Kong, do you know?
——I’m not sure. When he ____, I’ll let you know.
A. he leaves ;leaves
B. will he leave; will leave
C. he leaves; will leave
D. will he leave; leaves
27.——Where will they go next Sunday?
——They ___________ to the Great Wall.
A. will go B. go C. has gone D. went
28.——Has he returned the library book yet?
——Not yet. Don’t worry. He _________it soon.
A. returned B. has returned
C. will return D. returns
29.——Look at the noisy kids!
——Haven’t you heard the saying “When the cat is away, the mice ______.”?
A. play B. played C. are playing D. will play
30.He doesn’t tell me when he_________. I’ll call you up as soon as he __________.
A. will come, arrives
B. comes, arrives
C. will come, will arrive
31.If it_______ tomorrow, we_______ travel outside.
A. will rain; will
B. rains; won’t
C. will rain; won’t
32.——Jim, can you help me to wash the dishes?
——Sorry, Dad. I__________ to the shop.
A. go B. went C. am going D. have been
33.--- _____ the latest Time magazine _______yet?
-----Sorry, it’s late. Maybe tomorrow.
A. Will; arrive B. Has; arrived
C. Do; arrive D. Did; arrive
34.Susan isn’t here now. She ________ to England. She will come back next month.
A. will go B. has gone
C. goes D. went
35.—How long___ Korean singer Jang Nara __China?
—Four years. She can speak and sing in Chinese.
A. does; go to B./; was in
C. has; been to D. has; been in
36.——Would you like to see the film with me?
——I’m sorry I ________ it twice.
A. see B. am seeing C. will see D. have seen
37.Lucy______ her dog and now she is walking it.
A. will find B. is finding
C. has found D. finds
38.—Hello! Can I speak to Alice?
—Sorry she isn’t here right now. She_____ to the shop.
A. goes B. will go
C. has gone D. was going
39.(2008杭州) She__________ that same song so many times. I’m getting sick of it!
A. sings B. sang C. will sing D. has sung
40.——_________you ________your dictionary?
——No, so I have to buy a new one today.
A.Did; find B. Have; found
C. Are; finding D. Had; found
41.I _____to Cape Town, so I know nothing about it.
A. don’t travel B. won’t travel
C. haven’t traveled D. hadn’t traveled
42.——______you ______the film Harry Potter 5?
——Not yet. I’ll see it this Sunday.
A. Did; see B. Are; seeing
C. Have; seen D. Do; see
43.I won’t forget my teacher because she________ so kind to me since I came to this school.
A. has been B. will be C. has D. is
44.——May I speak to Tom?
——Sorry, he is not at home. He ____ to Shanghai.
A. has been B. has gone C. goes
45.In the past few years there _______ great changes in my hometown.
A. have been B. were C. had been D. are
46.Henry speaks Chinese very well. He ________ in China since 2002.
A. stays B. stayed C. is staying D. has stayed
47.—Chen Jie, the workers___ our new library already.
——Really? I’ll go there and borrow some books.
A. decorated B. are decorating
C. have decorated D. were decorated
48.——It’s raining! When did it start?
—I don’t know exactly. In fact, it____ all this afternoon.
A. lasts B. has lasted C. lasted D. will last
49.——Are you going to see the film with us?
——No, thanks. I ________ it.
A. saw B. have seen
C. see D. was seeing
50.——They say there's a new restaurant nearby．
——Yes，and it______ for no more than a week．
A．has been open B．opens
C．is opening D．is opened
51.——Kitty，will you go to see the film Cold Mountain this evening?
——No，I won't. I_________ it already．
A．saw B．have seen C．see D．will see
52.——How long___the film KING KONG____?
——For just several minutes．
A．did，begin
B. has，begun
C．has, been on
53.——I didn’t see you when I came here last night. Where were you?
——I ___________ my project at home.
A. designed B. have designed
C. would design D. was designing
54.My mother _________ dinner when I came back.
A. cooks B. has cooked
C. is cooking D. was cooking
55.— I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.
—Oh．I'm sorry. I_____ dinner at my friend’s home.
A. had B. was having C. have had
56. What_______ when your mother called you up?
A．are you doing B. did you do
C．you were doing D. were you doing
57.——I called you at half past nine this morning, but the