日本介绍(英文版).ppt

The Culture of Japan With economic,cultural and religious influence from neighboring Asian states,Japan has produced a unique culture of its own.Now lets enjoy the charm(魅魅力力)of Japanese culture and look at some of its popular icons.ContentslifesocietyartcultureclothesThe traditional dress of Japan is the kimono（和服）.Kimonos,which are generally made of silk,have large sleeves and reach from the shoulders all the way down to the heels.They are tied with a wide belt.Kimonos are now usually worn only on special occasions,weddings,and graduation ceremonies.the stylevKimonos range from extremely formal to casual.The level of formality of womens kimono is determined mostly by the pattern of the fabric,and color.Young womens kimonos have longer sleeves,signifying that they are not married,and tend to be more elaborate than similarly formal older womens kimono.5 Mens kimonos are usually one basic shape and are mainly worn in subdued colors.Formality is also determined by the type and color of accessories,the fabric,and the number or absence of kamon(family crests),with five crests signifying extreme formality.5 Silk is the most desirable,and most formal,fabric.Kimonos made of fabrics such as cotton and polyester generally reflect a more casual style和服的范围从非常正式的去休闲。形式化程度的女性的和服是由模式确定主要的面料和颜色。年轻女性的和服袖子长,意味着他们不结婚,往往是更复杂的比同样正式老年妇女的和服。5男人的和服通常是一个基本的形状和主要是穿在柔和的颜色。手续也取决于类型和颜色的配件、面料、号码或没有加们(家徽),有5个波峰代表极端拘谨。5丝绸是最理想,最正式的,织物。和服织物制作的如棉和聚酯通常反映出一个更加随意的风格Kimonos range from extremely formal to casual.The level of formality of womens kimono is det with cameraon the Modern city Japan has absorbed many ideas from other countries over the course of its history,including technology,customs,and forms of cultural expression,and has developed its unique culture while integrating these imports.The Japanese lifestyle today is a rich blend of Asian-influenced traditional culture and Western-influenced modern culture.foodSushiNowadays,sushi bars are everywhere.Japanese cuisine Japanese food mostly consists of fish instead of meat,and also soybeans,so it is good for the health.Foods that are most well received by foreigners are tempuratempur天妇罗,sukiyaki suki:j:ki:鸡素烧,sushi su:i:寿司,sashimi s:i:mi生鱼片,buckwheat noodles荞麦面条,and soybean curdFirst:Tempuratempur天妇罗2/Sukiyakisuki:j:ki:鸡素烧Sukiyaki is one of the representative foods of Japan.The name comes from the farmer spade sometimes used to cook on.Sukiyaki refers directly to broiling beef on the spade,along with soybean curd,leeks,and vegetables.The seasoning 调料includes soy sauce s:s,sweet sake,and sugar.3Buckwheat bkwi:t noodles荞麦面条Buckwheat noodles or soba is also a typical Japanese dish.There are some people that eat soba at least once a day.Many office workers make it a habit to have soba for lunch.Soba noodles are a mixture of buckwheat,flour flau 面粉and eggs.It looks similar to spaghetti in shape.It is first boiled,and then dipped in a soup made of soy sauce,salt,sweet sake,and bonitobni:tu shavings when it is being eaten.Because soba is long,it is considered a symbol of long life.Eating a MeallBefore eating,Japanese people say itadakimasu,a polite phrase meaning I receive this food.This expresses thanks to whoever worked to prepare the food in the meal.lAfter eating,people once again express their thanks for the meal by saying gochiso sama deshita,which literally means it was quite a feast.The Japanese Dining TableThe most traditional Japanese meal is a serving of plain,white rice,along with a main dish(fish or meat),some kind of side dish(often cooked vegetables),soup and pickled vegetables.The word Geisha is derived from“Gei”,which in Japanese performance or entertainer,and“sha”,which means“person”,and dates back 400 years ago to the Edo period（江户时代）.During this period the Geisha entertained at banquets and social gatherings by playing Shamise(日本三弦琴),singing,and giving dance performances.There is often a misconception（误解）by some that Geisha are prostitutes（娼妓）,but nothing could be further from the truth Geisha are refined and cultured girls and woman who are highly trained in a variety of traditional skills.Besides playing Shamisen（日本三弦琴）,singing,and dancing,the Geisha perform the Japanese tea ceremony,and are well versed(精通的)in the art of conversation.Many learn to speak English to entertain Western guests.The training involved in becoming a Geisha is very rigorous（严格的）（严格的）,and because of this the numbers of Geisha are declining.Today in Japanese hotels and restaurants Geisha still entertain at banquets and socialize with guests,and the role of the Geisha in Japanese society is always a source of curiosity for tourists.sumo（），古称素舞，起源于中国，唐朝时传入日本，由两名大力士裸露上身，互相角力。日本有关相扑比较确切的文字记载，是八世纪初编纂成的日本书纪，书内记述第三十五代天皇（六四一六四五年）为了接待古代朝鲜百济国使者，召集了宫廷卫士举行相扑竞赛。尽管有人称，中国相扑和日本有关系。但日本的相扑是否由中国输入，目前没见到明确记载。后来成为日本的国技，日本的国际性的格斗术和体育运动。作为专业竞技项目，在日本国内称作大相扑。（二）武士道精神（二）武士道精神vBushid 武士道武士道,literally the way of the warrior,is a Japanese word for the way of the samurai life,loosely analogous to the concept of chivalry.v vThe Bushido originates from the samurai moral code stressing frugality,loyalty,martial arts mastery,and honor unto death.Born from Neo-Confucianism during times of peace in Tokugawa Japan and following Confucian texts,Bushido was also influenced by Shinto and Zen Buddhism,allowing the violent existence of the samurai to be tempered by wisdom and serenity.Bushid developed between the 9th and 20th centuries and numerous translated documents dating from the 12th to 16th centuries demonstrate its wide influence across the whole of Japan,1 although some scholars have noted the term bushid itself is rarely attested in premodern literatureBushid(武士道武士道?),字面上的字面上的“战士战士”,是一个日语单词的方式生是一个日语单词的方式生活的武士活的武士,有点类似骑士精神的概念。有点类似骑士精神的概念。v武士道源于武士的道德准则强调节俭、忠诚、武术精通武士道源于武士的道德准则强调节俭、忠诚、武术精通,荣誉荣誉,直到死亡。出生在和平时期的理学在德川日本和直到死亡。出生在和平时期的理学在德川日本和遵循儒家文本遵循儒家文本,武士道也深受神道和佛教禅宗武士道也深受神道和佛教禅宗,允许暴力允许暴力存在的武士来冲淡智慧和平静。存在的武士来冲淡智慧和平静。Bushid之间展开之间展开9日日和和20世纪和众多的翻译文档约会世纪和众多的翻译文档约会12到到16世纪展示其广世纪展示其广泛影响到整个日本泛影响到整个日本,1虽然有些学者指出虽然有些学者指出“术语术语Bushid本身是很少在前现代文献证实本身是很少在前现代文献证实 刀与武士：刀与武士：vIn the bushido,the knife is a symbol of power and military is brave.In the bushido,the knife is a symbol of power and military is brave.vWaist to wear with a knife to symbolize this person have bushido spirit in mind.Waist to wear with a knife to symbolize this person have bushido spirit in mind.Samurai sword has two size,big say knife,small rib bad,said the two knife is Samurai sword has two size,big say knife,small rib bad,said the two knife is warrior never leaving the status symbol.warrior never leaving the status symbol.v,if the knife is the soul of a warrior,so,brave warrior is wrapped on the surface,if the knife is the soul of a warrior,so,brave warrior is wrapped on the surface of the knife said the identity of the scabbard,knives and yong is inseparable of the knife said the identity of the scabbard,knives and yong is inseparable v在武士道里，刀是力量和武勇的象征。在武士道里，刀是力量和武勇的象征。v腰上佩带着刀就象征了此人心中已有武士道精神。武士刀共有大小两把，腰上佩带着刀就象征了此人心中已有武士道精神。武士刀共有大小两把，大的称大的称“刀刀”，小的称，小的称“肋差肋差”，这两把刀是武士寸步不离的身份象征。，这两把刀是武士寸步不离的身份象征。v如果，刀是武士的灵魂，那么，勇敢就是包裹刀的表面的表示武士身份如果，刀是武士的灵魂，那么，勇敢就是包裹刀的表面的表示武士身份的刀鞘，刀和勇是密不可分的。的刀鞘，刀和勇是密不可分的。日本的成年礼成人节：每年成人节：每年1 1月第月第2 2个个星期一统一举行，是受星期一统一举行，是受中国中国“冠礼冠礼”的影响。的影响。凡年满凡年满凡年满凡年满20202020岁的男女青年身穿岁的男女青年身穿岁的男女青年身穿岁的男女青年身穿传统服装参加成人仪式，内传统服装参加成人仪式，内传统服装参加成人仪式，内传统服装参加成人仪式，内容包括年轻人宣誓、长者的容包括年轻人宣誓、长者的容包括年轻人宣誓、长者的容包括年轻人宣誓、长者的祝贺和参拜神社以及参加各祝贺和参拜神社以及参加各祝贺和参拜神社以及参加各祝贺和参拜神社以及参加各种传统的文娱活动等。种传统的文娱活动等。种传统的文娱活动等。种传统的文娱活动等。茶道茶道In Japan there are many teach the tea ceremony of various genres techniques school,many hotels also have teahouse,can easily enjoy the tea ceremony performance.But the Japanese tea ceremony is eventually spread to Japan by the Chinese tang dynasty years.In ancient times,Japan and China have long.Tang dynasty period,Japan sent a large number of him to come to China,Chinas influence is deeper.The Japanese people said China is the hometown of the Japanese tea ceremony 日本国内有许多传授茶道各流派技法日本国内有许多传授茶道各流派技法的学校，不少宾馆也设有茶室，可以轻松地欣的学校，不少宾馆也设有茶室，可以轻松地欣赏到茶道的表演。但日本的茶道最终是由中国赏到茶道的表演。但日本的茶道最终是由中国唐朝贞观年间传到日本的。在古代，日本与中唐朝贞观年间传到日本的。在古代，日本与中国早有往来。盛唐时期，日本曾派大量使臣来国早有往来。盛唐时期，日本曾派大量使臣来中国，受中国影响较深。日本人民称中国，受中国影响较深。日本人民称“中国是中国是日本茶道的故乡日本茶道的故乡”。日本的花道花道是日本传统的文花道是日本传统的文花道是日本传统的文花道是日本传统的文化遗产，是随着佛教化遗产，是随着佛教化遗产，是随着佛教化遗产，是随着佛教从中国传入日本。花从中国传入日本。花从中国传入日本。花从中国传入日本。花道也称道也称道也称道也称 插花插花插花插花 、华道华道华道华道 、生花生花生花生花 ，即把适当，即把适当，即把适当，即把适当剪下的树枝或花草经剪下的树枝或花草经剪下的树枝或花草经剪下的树枝或花草经过艺术加工后，插入过艺术加工后，插入过艺术加工后，插入过艺术加工后，插入花瓶等器皿中的方法花瓶等器皿中的方法花瓶等器皿中的方法花瓶等器皿中的方法和技术。和技术。和技术。和技术。花道讲究艺术造型，最完美的造型花道讲究艺术造型，最完美的造型花道讲究艺术造型，最完美的造型花道讲究艺术造型，最完美的造型为三角形，最高的一枝象征天，最为三角形，最高的一枝象征天，最为三角形，最高的一枝象征天，最为三角形，最高的一枝象征天，最低的一枝象征地，中间的一枝象征低的一枝象征地，中间的一枝象征低的一枝象征地，中间的一枝象征低的一枝象征地，中间的一枝象征人，表示圆满如意。人，表示圆满如意。人，表示圆满如意。人，表示圆满如意。书道书法在日本不仅盛行，更是人们修行养性的方式之一。古代日本人称书法叫入木道或笔道直到江户时代(十七世纪)，才出现书道这个名词。在日本，用毛笔写汉字而盛行书法，应当是在佛教传入之后。僧侣和佛教徒模仿中国，用毛笔抄录经日本文艺日本文艺（一）日本文学（一）日本文学v日本文学只要分为三个时期，上古文学、中古文学日本文学只要分为三个时期，上古文学、中古文学以及近现代文学。以及近现代文学。v上古文学（八世纪）上古文学（八世纪）：古事记古事记、萬葉集萬葉集 v中古文学中古文学：源氏物語源氏物語、枕草子枕草子 v近现代文学：近现代文学：我是猫我是猫、罗生门罗生门、伊豆的伊豆的舞女舞女、饲育饲育（二）日本艺术（二）日本艺术日本传统戏剧：日本传统戏剧：歌舞伎、能剧、木偶净琉歌舞伎、能剧、木偶净琉璃、狂言。璃、狂言。日本传统艺术品：日本传统艺术品：浮世绘、和纸、手工风铃浮世绘、和纸、手工风铃日本影视：日本影视：电影：电影：伊豆的舞女伊豆的舞女电视剧：电视剧：东京爱情故事东京爱情故事动漫与游戏：动漫与游戏：机器猫机器猫、最终幻想最终幻想 日日本本 动动漫漫 发发展展简简 史史Since the middle of the last century,cartoon works in Japan began to sprout,brilliant and a few degrees declined several times.In this long seventy years,Japanese anime in numerous excellent animation producer,created numerous outstanding works,carve out a great anime empire.How many classic cannot forget,how many instant need to remember.Now,lets follow the footsteps of history,will tread the footprints of Japanese anime development.从上世纪中叶开始，动漫作品在日本开始萌芽，几经辉煌又几度衰落。在这七十年的漫长岁月中，日本动漫在无数优秀动画制作人的努力下，创作出无数的优秀作品，开拓出一个伟大的动漫帝国。有多少经典无法忘却，有多少瞬间需要铭记。现在，让我们顺着历史的足迹，将日本动漫发展的脚印一一踏过高达系列三十年 19792009聪明的一休藤子F不二雄（1933年1996年)凉宫春日的忧郁classicwarMagic,super abilityFight with a duel youth violenceexquisite thank you