定语从句与宾语从句的区别说课讲解.doc

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定语从句与宾语从句的区别：
　　顾名思义，定语从句是从句充当定语的复合句，宾语从句是从句充当宾语的复合句，二者迥然不同，但是在使用中，同学们总是容易混淆这两个句型。请从以下几点区分：
（1）通过从句的位置：定语从句的位置在名词代词的后面（先行词一般是由名词或者代词充当的）。宾语从句的位置一般在动词或者介词短语之后，因为宾语一般都在动词或者介词短语之后。
　　请判断下面句子是定语从句还是宾语从句：
　　I don’t know what you are talking about.
　　He is angry with what you said.
　　The tall boy who you met just now is my brother.
　　经过判断，前两句是宾语从句，第三句是定语从句。
2）通过引导词：定语从句的关系代词只有that, who, which, whom,关系副词也只有when, where, why，所以如果有的句子是whether, if, how, what等词引导的，肯定不是定语从句。
　　（3）通过从句的成分：都是that引导的从句，宾语从句和定语从句也有的区别，我们可以通过that在从句中充当的句子成分判断，如：
　　I know that you are right. 我知道你是对的。
　　这是一个宾语从句，that 引导的宾语从句，that只是连接词，不充当任何成分，所以that后面的句子you are right是一个主语谓语完全的句子。
　　He is the person that I am looking for.这是一个定语从句，that在从句中充当look for的宾语，所以看上去look for是没有宾语的。
练习题：
　　1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.
　　A. that 　　B. who 　　C. whom 　　D. this
　　2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.
　　A. whom 　　B. which 　　C. who 　　D. /
　　3. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.
　　A. that 　　B. whose 　　C. which 　　D. as
　　4. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?
　　A. the one 　　B. which 　　C. who 　　D. whom
　　5. Is this factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?
　　A. the one　　 B. that 　　C. which 　　D. /
　　6. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.
　　A. which　　 B. that 　　C. / 　　D. it
　　7. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.
　　A. which　　 B. in which　　 C. that 　　D. all
　　8. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.
　　A. That　　　 B. Who　　　 C. The one who 　　　D. The students who
　　9. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday.
　　A. which 　　B. whom 　　C. whose　　D. this
　　10. This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year.
　　A. who 　　B. whom 　　C. which 　　D. /

1. I, ___ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.
A. who is B. who am C. that is D. which am
2. The old man has two sons, ___ are lawyers.
A. both of them B. both of who
C. both of whom D. both of they
3. He is a man of great knowledge, ___ much can be learned.
A .in whom B. about whom C. from whom D. of whom
4. I can tell you ___ he told me last week.
A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all that
5. Is oxygen the only gas ___ helps fire burn
A. that B. / C. which D. what
6. Air, ___we breathe every day, is around us all the time.
A. that B. / C. which D. it
7. This is the museum ___we saw an exhibition the other day.
A. that B. which C. where D. in that
8. This museum is ___ you visited the other day.
A. that B. which C. where D. the one
9. This is the museum ___ you saw the other day.
A. that B. where C. in which D. in that
10. It is the third time ___ late this month.
A. that you arrived B. when you arrived
C. that you've arrived D. when you've arrived
11. It was in 1969 ___ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.
A. that B. which C. in which D. when
12. We often think of the days ___we spent together on the island.
A. when B. which C. in which D. during which
13. Have you ever been to Shanghai, ____ I left ten years ago
A. where B. which C. that D. when
14. He has left Beijing, ___ a meeting is to be held.
A. when B. where C. as D. which
15. This is the very place ___ I'm wishing to live in.
A. where B. which C. that D. in which
16. I have bought the same dress ____ she is wearing.
A. as B. that C. which D than
17. Can you solve such problems ___ raised by the audience
A. what were B. as were C. that were D. which were
18. The reason ___ he didn't come was ___ he was injured.
A. that, because B. why, that
C. why, because D. that, that
19. He must be from Africa, ____can be seen from his skin.
A. that B. as C. it D. what
20. His father died last year, ____made it impossible for him to go abroad.
A. when B. which C. as D. that
21. ___is natural, he married Mary.
A. It B. What C. Which D. As
22. The buses, ____were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.
A. most of them B. most of which
C. which most D. that most
23. All ___ is needed is a supply of oil.
A. the thing B. that C. what D. which
24. He paid the boy 10 dollars for washing ten windows, most of ___had not been cleaned for years.
A. these B. those C. that D. which
25. In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ____ she could turn for help.
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
26. This is one of the means ____ the electric energy is conducted from one place to another.
A. by which B. by that
C. through which D. through that
27. The place ___ you are going to visit is the ruin of a place.
A. in which B. at which C. where D. which
28. The factory ___I am going to is the place ___my mother used to work many years ago.
A. where, where B. where, which
C. which, where D. that, which
29. Don't do such things ___ you are not sure about.
A. that B. which C. as D. what
30. Robert is good at language, ___ we all know.
A. because B. for C. as D. since
Key:
1-5 BCCDA 6-10 CCDAC 11-15ABBBC
16-20ABBBB 21-25 DBBDD 26-30ADCCC

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