1.一般现在时的概念.doc

　 一般现在时
1.概念：一般现在时表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
2. 一般现在时的构成
一般现在时的构成主要有两种形式：
(1)be型：句子的谓语动词只有be(am，is或are)：
a.肯定句中，只出现be，如： I am a student.我是一名学生。
b.否定句中，要在be后面加not，如： She isn't a teacher.她不是教师。
c.一般疑问句，要将be放在句子开头(注意句首字母大写)，句尾用问号，答语用Yes，主语+be.或No，主语+be+not.如：
—Are you ready?—你准备好了吗? —Yes，I am.—是的，我准备好了。
(—No，I'm not.—不，我没准备好。)
(2)实义动词型：句中的谓语动词为实义动词(也叫行为动词)：
a.肯定句中，只出现实义动词，如：I get up in the morning.我早晨起床。
b.否定句中，要在实义动词前面加do(does)+not，do(does)作助动词，本身无意义，常与not缩写成don't(doesn't)，如： I don't like vegetables.我不喜欢蔬菜。
c.一般疑问句，要在句子开头加助动词Do(does)，句尾用问号，简略答语用Yes，主语+do(does).或No，主语+do(does)+not.如：
—Do you like oranges?—你喜欢桔子吗?
—Yes，I do.—是的，我喜欢。
(—No，I don't.—不，我不喜欢。)
3.一般现在时的用法
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用，如： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday等。
I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 我每天早上7点去上学。
2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部。
3) 表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
Xiao Wang writes good English but does not speak well.
小王的英语书面表达能力比口语好。
【No. 1】一般现在时的定义及构成
一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。
构成:主语+动词原形+宾语
一般现在时用行为动词的原形，但第三人称单数作主语时，动词要用第三人称单数形式。
（一般的动词词尾+S。以sh/ch/ss/x结尾的词+es.以辅音字母Y结尾的把Y变成i再+es。辅音字母+o结尾的+es.特殊变化：have变为has)
【No. 2】一般现在时的应用
(1)在实际应用中，一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用：
always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays ……
例句：He usually plays football on Sundays.

一般现在时练习
一.用词的适当形式填空。
1.What time_________ his father_________(do) the work?
2.He _________(get) up at five o’clock.
3.__________ you _________(brush) your teeth every morning.
4.What ________ ( do ) he usually ________( do ) after school?
5.Tom ________ ( study ) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.
6. Kitty sometimes __________(go) to the park with his sister.
7.At eight at night, she __________( watch ) TV with her parents.
8. ________ Mike________( read ) English every day?
9.How many lessons________ your classmates______( have ) on Monday?
10.We often___________ ( play ) football in the playground.
二．选择
(　) 1. _____ you have a book?
A. Do　B. Are　C. Is　D. Have
(　)2. They _________ on a farm.
A. working　B. is work　C. work　D. is worked
(　) 3. Does Peter like to watch TV?
__________.
A. Yes, he like　B. No, he doesn’t　C. Yes, he’d like　D. No, he likes
(　)4. She doesn’t __________ her homework in the afternoon.
A. doing　B. to do　C. does　D. do
(　)5. How ____________ Mr. Brown ___________ to America?
A. do,go　B. is,go　C. does,go　D. does,goes
(　)6. Where’s my camera? I____________ it.
A. am not finding　B. am not seeing　C. can’t find　D. can’t look at
(　)7. How ___________ he go to work?
　He ___________ to work by bike.
A. does ;go　B. do;goes　C. do ;go　D. does;goes
(　)8. ______ you usually late for school?
No, _____________.
A. Do ; I am　B. Does ;not　C. Are ; I’m not　D. Are ; I aren’t
(　)9. _____ she _____ home at six every day?
A. Is , leave　B. Does , leave　C. Is , leaves　D. Does , left
(　)10. Mr. Yang ____________ English this term.
A. teaches our　B. teaches us　C. teachs us　D. teach our
三．按要求完成句子
1.Tom does his homework at home.
否定句:_________________________________________________
一般疑问句:_________________________________________________
2.She has a lot of work to do this week.(改一般疑问句)
_____________________
3.We have a big TV set in our house.(改为否定句)
_____________________
4.Does she have any English-Chinese dictionary?
(作否定回答)_____________________
5.We have some nice pictures.(主语改为 he)
_____________________

现在进行时的讲解与练习。
可用来表示现在进行时的时间状语，常用的有：now, this week, at this moment，right now 等；或者告诉你一个准确的现在时间，或者用look, listen（常用于句子的开头，表示提醒听者注意正在发生的事情）
（一）基本用法：
（1）表示（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。I’m visiting my friends now.
也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
He is always working hard.他总是非常努力地工作。(表示赞扬)
（2）谓语构成：be (am/ is/ are)＋v-ing （动词的现在分词）
【注意】be动词要与主语的人称和数保持一致。如：
I’m watching TV now. 我现在正在看电视。
They’re playing football. 他们正在踢足球。
（3）现在分词的构成。
a.一般情况下在动词词尾加ing。
go→going ask （问，询问）→asking look→looking
b.以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e加ing。
have →having take→taking make（做，制造）→making write（写）→writing
c.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个字母，再加-ing。
get→getting sit（坐）→sitting put（放）→putting run（跑）→running
swim→swimming begin（开始）→beginning shop→shopping
d.特殊形式 lie-lying die-dying
（四）现在进行时态的肯定式、否定式、疑问式及简略回答。
（1）肯定式：主语+be＋v-ing +其他
He is running. 他正在跑。
The students are cleaning the room now .
（2）否定式：主语+be＋not＋v-ing +其他
He is not running.
The students aren’t cleaning the room now. 这些学生现在没有在打扫房间。
（3）一般问句：be动词提前。“Be+主语+v-ing+其他？”
肯定答语Yes，主语＋be.
否定答语No，主语＋be not.
Is he running? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
Are The students cleaning the room now? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
（4）特殊问句式： “疑问词+be ＋主语＋v-ing＋其他？”
a. 对谓语动词进行提问的：What＋be ＋主语＋doing＋其他？
What is the old man doing under the tree? 那个老人正在树下面做什么呢？
b. 对其他成份进行提问的，疑问词＋一般疑问句？
Where is the boy swimming? 那个男孩正在哪里游泳？
Who is she waiting for? 她正在等谁呢？
五、 现在进行时与一般现在时的区别
（一）现在进行时表示动作的暂时性，而一般现在时表示动作的习惯性和经常性
I am watching TV now. （暂时性）我现在在看电视。
I watch TV every day. （经常性） 我每天都看电视。
（二）现在进行时可表示短暂性动作，而一般现在时表示长久性动作。
Lucy is living in Beijing.（短时间居住）露西暂时住在北京。
Lucy lives in Beijing. （长久性居住） 露西在北京居住或生活。
（三）现在进行时表示的动作可带有感情色彩，而一般现在时所表述的动作通常是事实。
You’re always forgetting the most important things. （责备）你总是爱忘记最重要的事情。
He is always helping others. （赞扬）他一直都在帮助他人。
He often helps others. （事实） 他经常帮助别人。
（四）有些动词不能用进行时，know, understand, love, like, hate, wish, want, think, hope, have, believe, agree, hear, see, notice。这些动词通常用一般现在时表示说话时发生的动作。
1) 表示“拥有”的动词。如have (has) 等。
例句：I have a nice bike now. (我现在有一辆漂亮的自行车。)
不能说成: I am having a nice bike now.
2) 有些表示感觉的感官动词。如：see, find, look (看起来)，hear (听见)等。
例句：We see him. (我们看见他。)
不能说成：We are seeing him.
但是，有些表示感觉的动词，如：listen to, look at 等可用现在进行时。
如：They are listening to the teacher. (他们在听老师讲课。)
3) 表示“喜欢”“厌恶”的动词。如：like, love, hate (讨厌)等。
例句：We love our country. (我们热爱祖国。)
不可说: We are loving our country.
4) 表示知识或脑力的动词。如：think, know, forget等。
例句：I think you are right. (我认为你是对的。)
不能说成：I am thinking you are right.
5) 表示状态的be动词“是”。
例句：She is at home. (她在家。)
不能说成：She is being at home.
6) 表示“希望”、“愿望”、“心愿”等的动词。如：want 等词。
例句：I want to see her now. (我现在就想见到她。)
不能说成：I am wanting to see her now.
【典型例题】
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Look! There _____(be) a lot of people over there. What _______they __________ (do) now?
2. —What __________ your mother __________ (do)? —She is a teacher.
3. It __________ (rain) heavily outside now. You must stay at home.
4. Don’t sing. The baby __________(sleep).
5. My brother __________ (not like) playing basketball, but he ______ (like) playing football.
6. —What _________ you usually _________ (do) on Sunday?
—I usually _________ (stay) at home and _________ (do) my homework.
7. Listen! The girls _________ (sing) in the next room.
8. My sister _________ (want) to be a teacher.
9. It’s seven o’clock now. The Greens _________ (have) supper.
10. He often _________ (swim) on Sundays. Look! He _________ (swim) at the pool.
二、单项选择
1. I want _________ homework now.
A. doing B. to do C. to do my D. do my
2. It’s time _________.
A. go to school B. play games C. to go home D. to do my homeworks
3. The boy is _________ to his teacher.
A. saying B. speaking C. talking D. telling
4. I’m _________ a book in the room.
A. watching B. seeing C. reading D. looking
5. Where _________ he _________ from?
A. is, come B. do, come C. does, come D. is, from
6. Do they have a new car? Yes, _________.
A. they are B. they have C. they don’t D. they do
7. He often _________ supper at 6:00 in the evening.
A. have B. has C. is having D. is eating
8. It’s 6 o’clock in the morning. He _________.
A. get up B. gets up C. is geting up D. is getting up
9. What are you doing? I’m _________ TV.
A. watch B. watches C. to watch D. watching
10. We _________ any Chinese classes on Friday.
A. are having B. aren’t having C. don’t have D. are have
11. Tom _________ an English class now.
A. is having B. has C. having D. have
12. Are you playing basketball? No, we _________.
A. isn’t B. aren’t C. not D. don’t
三、按要求改写句子
1. The boy is playing basketball.
否定句：____________________________
一般疑问句：_________________________
肯定回答：__________________________
否定回答：__________________________
对“The boy”提问：___________________
2. Mrs. White is watching TV.（划线部分提问）
______________________________________
3. They are waiting for you at the library.（就划线部分提问）
_____________________________________
4. they are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
___________________________________________________________________________
5. The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)
______________________________________
_____________________________________

一般现在时和现在进行时综合练习
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式
1.work________ read__________ clean_________ write_______
2.teach________ wash_________ guess_________watch________
3. go__________ do___________ photo__________
4.study_________ fly_________cry__________play_________
5. have__________
二、写出下列动词的现在分词形式
1.work________ sing_________play__________ study________
2. dance_________ have________write__________ take________
3. run________ sit________ shop__________ swim_________
三、选择题练习
1. Who _____ over there now?
A. singing B. are sing C. is singing D. sing
2. It’s eight o’clock. The students _____ an English class.
A. have B. having C. is having D. are having
3. Listen! The baby _____ in the next room.
A. crying B. cried C. is crying D. cries
4. Look! The twins _____ new sweaters.
A. are wearing B. wearing C. are wear D. is wearing
5. Don’t talk here. Grandparents _____.
A. is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping D. sleep
6. Tom is a worker. He _____ in a factory. His sisters _____ in a hospital.
A. work/ work B. works/ work C. work/ works
7. Who _____ English best in your class?
A. speak B. speaks C. speaking
8. Mrs Read _____ the windows every day.
A. is cleaning B. clean C. cleans
9. We _____ music and often _____ to music.
A. like/ listen B. likes/ listens C. like/ are listening
10. She _____ up at six in the morning.
A. get B. gets C. getting
11. On Sunday he sometimes _____ his clothes and sometimes _____ some shopping.
A. wash/ do B. is washing/ is doing C. washes/ does
12. The twins usually _____ milk and bread for breakfast, but Jim _____ some coffee for it.
A. have/ have B. have/ has C. has/ have
13．I want____homework now.
A. doing B. to do C. to do my D. do my
14．It's time______.
A. go to school B. play games
C. to go home D. to do my homeworks
15．____you____the blackboard?
Yes,I am.
A.Can, clean B. Am, cleaning C. Are, cleaning D. Do, clean
16．______go and help her.
A. Let's me B.Let's us C.Let's D. Let's to
17. Do they have a new car?
Yes,_____.
A.they are B.they have C.they don't D.they do
18. He often _________ supper at 6:00 in the evening.
A. have B. has C. is having D. is eating
19. It’s 6 o’clock in the morning. He ___________.
A. get up B. gets up C. is geting up D. is getting up
20. What are you doing? I’m _____TV.
A. watch B. watches C. to watch D. watching
21. We _____________ any Chinese classes on Friday.
A. are having B. aren’t having C. don’t have D. have
22. Tom _______ an English class now.
A. is having B. has C. having D. have
23. Are you playing basketball? No, we ___________.
A. isn’t B. aren’t C. not D. don’t
24. Listen! The girl _____________ in the room.
A. sings B. singing C. is singing D. are singing
25. Where _________ he _________ from?
A. is, come B. do, come C. does, come D. is , from
26. Listen! They ________ in the next room.
A. sing B. is singing C. are singing D. were singing
27. Lucy is always busy. She _____ only five hours every day.
A. is sleeping B. will sleep C. would sleep D. sleeps
28. It’s eight o’clock. The students ______ an English class.
A. have B. having C. is having D. are having
29. ---Is your father a doctor?
---Yes, he is. He _______ in Town Hospital.
A. has worked B. is working C. works D. worked
30. ---Excuse me, where is Jim?
---Oh, he ______ dumplings in the kitchen.
A. makes B. will make C. is making D. made
31. Don’t turn on the TV. Grandma _______ now.
A. is sleeping B. will sleep C. slept D. sleeps
32. ---______ you ______ a book?
---Yes, I am.
A. Do; read B. Are; read C. Are; reading D. Are; looking
33. Sometimes she _______ in the day, but now she is ________.
A. works; working B. working; work C. work; working D. work; work
34. Kate _________, and the others _________.
A. sing; listen B. is singing; is listening C. sing; are listening D. is singing; are listening
35. ---Tom _____ the piano in the room.
---Please ask him to come here.
A. play B. plays C. played D. is playing
四、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. My father always __________(come) back from work very late.
2. The teacher is busy. He __________ (sleep) six hours a day.
3. Listen! Joan _________(sing) in the classroom. She often __________ (sing) there.
4. __________ your brother __________(know) Japanese?
5. Where __________ you __________ (have) lunch every day?
6. The girl ______(like) wearing a skirt. Look! She ________(wear) a red skirt today.
7. What are you _________(do) now? I ___________(eat) bread.
8. It’s nine o’clock. My father______________(work) in the office.
9. Look, the boy____________(put) the rubbish(垃圾) into the bin(垃圾箱).
10. __________he__________(clean) the classroom?
No, he isn’t. He____________(play).
11. Where is Mark? He___________(run) on the playground.
12. We often _____ (play) in the playground.
13. _____ you _____ (brush) your teeth every morning?
14. What ______he usually______ (do) after school?
15. Danny___________(study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.
16. Mike sometimes _______(go) to the park with his sister.
17. At eight at night, she _______ (watch) TV with his parents.
18. _____ Mike _______(read) English every day?
19. How many lessons _____ your classmat