新版新目标英语八年级下册unit-知识点总结.doc

新版新目标英语八年级下册unit 10知识点总结
八年级英语下册单元知识点总结
Unit 10 I ’ve had this bike for three years.
一、重点短语： 
1. have a yard sale  举行庭院拍卖会 
2. bring sth. back = bring back sth. 带回，回忆
3. how long  多久 
4. not…anymore/ any more 不再…   
6. board games  棋类游戏 
7. check out 察看；观察 
8. clear out sth. = clear sth. out 收拾，整理；丢掉，清理 
9. no longer  不再 
10. at first  起初  
11. as for… 至于… 
12. part with sth. = give up sth. 放弃…，交出… 
14. to be honest  老实说，说实话
15. millions of  数百万的
16. search for  搜寻，找寻
17. across from = opposite  在…对面   
18. according to  依据，按照 
19. in order to + 动原 为了  
20. in one’s opinion  依某人看来 
二. 重点短语句型详解
1. I’ve had it for three years.
【解析】for +一段时间 表示动作持续一段时间,用于现在完成时
【2012甘肃鸡西市1】 She_____ her hometown for many years. No one nearly knows her.
A. has been away from B. has left C. had left
【2012湖北十堰2】Ben is a foreign teacher. So far, he __ in Shiyan for five years.
A. was teaching B. has taught C. will teach D. taught
2. Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories.
【解析1】keep （kept ; kept）保留
keep 用法归纳如下：
一、用作系动词，意为“保持（某种状态）”，其后常接形容词作表语。 Please keep quiet / silent!
二、用作实义动词，
⑴. 保管；保存；保留 Please keep these things for me while I am away.
⑵. 赡养；饲养 I used to keep sheep in my childhood.
⑶ 坚持；继续 接V-ing 形式作宾语。
If you keep practicing your spoken English, you'll soon make great progress.
⑷ 阻止；阻碍 keep sb/sth from doing sth 其中介词 from 不能省略。
The heavy rain didn't keep them from watching the football match.
⑸ 保持。 其后常接复合宾语，表示使（某人或某物）保持某种状态或使某一动作继续。
① keep + sb/sth + 介词。 If your hands are cold, keep them in your pockets.
② keep + sb/sth + 形容词。 These gloves will keep your hands warm.
③ keep + sb/sth + V-ing ，“让某人 / 某物一直……”，强调动作的持续性。
I'm sorry I've kept you waiting. 很抱歉，让你久等了。
【短语】
keep a record 保持记录， keep in touch (with)保持与……的联系 keep out (of) 把……关在外面，
keep up 保持；使……不能入睡 keep one's / an eye on密切注视 keep away (from) 离开
keep in mind 牢记 keep one's word 遵守诺言
【2013山东济南3】 —Could I __________ your iPad, Alice? —Of course. Here you are.
A. lend B. keep C. borrow D. return
【2013贵州安顺2】“Did you borrow the comic book from the library?”
“ Yes. I _____ it for three days. I’ll return it this afternoon.
A. borrowed B. kept C. have borrowed D. have kept
【解析2】 bring back (v+adv) 使回想起；使回忆起
( ) Our excellent service ______ our guests _____ year after year.
A. bring; down B. bring; back C. bring; in D. bring; up
3. You can also give old things away to people in need.
【解析】 in need 需要；需求
【拓展】in danger 在危险中 in trouble在困境中
in silence 在沉默中 in good health 在好的健康状态中A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情
4. Because I don’t read it anymore . 因为我不用再读了。
【解析】no more ;not … anymore/ no longer ;not... any longer不再
词语
同义词
用法
no longer
not… any longer
强调时间或动作“不再延续” , 与延续性动词连用
no more
not … any more
强调数量和程度“不再增加” , 与非延续性动词连用
位置区别： 当修饰动词时，no longer通常置于be或行为动词前；no more一般置于行为动词后。
not... any longer与not... any more常置于句末。
He can no longer walk. = He can’t walk any longer
The little girl no more cried. = The little girl didn’t cry any more.
( ) It is late. We can not wait him _____. A. any more B. no more C. more
5. Because I’ve had it since I was a baby.
【解析】since 自从
Since +从句（一般过去时），主句用现在完成时 He has studied very hard since he came to our school.
【辨析】since 与for 在现在完成时态中的用法：
since
其后接时间点或时态为一般过去时的句子，表示某事是从什么时候开始的
I’ve been a soldier since two years ago
for
其后接时间段，表示某事持续了多长时间
I’ve been a soldier for two years.
【2011天津】My grandmother ___ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here.
A．sees B. can see C. will see D. has seen
【2011贵州毕节】I ______ many new friends since I came here．
A．make B．made C．will make D．have made
【2013上海】—_______ have you been in the sports club? —Since the first month I came to the school.
A. How old B. How long C. How much D. How soon
6. I have something for the kids.
【解析】for 给；为了
介词for用法归纳
用法1：(表目的)为了。They went out for a walk. 他们出去散步了。
用法2：(表利益)为，为了。 What can I do for you? 你想要我什么？
【2013上海4】The chemicals in the vegetables and fruit are bad ____ our health.
A. from B. with C .of D. for
【2013牡丹江2】—What did you get _____ your mother ____ Mother’s Day? —A beautiful card and a scarf.
A. for; in B. for; on C. to; for
【2013江苏盐城4】It is reported that a lot of adults take lessons online ___ further education.
A. after B. to C. with D. for
7. The stories inside may be a bit old, but they’ll still interesting.
【解析】a bit 稍微；有点儿
a bit /a little辨析：
⑴ a bit和a little在肯定句中, 修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级,"一点儿"。
The speaker spoke up a bit/a little so as to make himself heard more clearly. 演讲者把嗓门提高了一点儿,以便使别人听得更清楚。
⑵ a little可以直接作定语修饰名词,
a bit修饰名词，需后面加of构成短语 ,两者都只能修饰不可数名词
There is a little/a bit of food left for lunch. 午饭只能吃剩下的一点食品了。
8 . And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.
【解析】check out 查看；观察 check v检查
【2013浙江宁波】 Please _______(检查)your test paper before you hand it in.
【2013安徽3】I will meet Jane at the station, Please___ what time she will arrive.
A. count B. choose C. check D. catch
【2013天津】— Julie said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it?
—Oh, really! I haven’t ____ my mailbox yet.
A. examined B. reviewed C. tested D. checked
9. So we’ve been clearing out a lot of things from our bedroom for a yard sale.
【解析】clear out 清理；把……清空 clean up 清理；使整洁
e.g. Please clear out the cupboard.
10. We’ve decided to each sell five things we no longer use.
【解析1】decide 决定decide v 决定→-decision n 决定
(1)decide to do sth= make up one’s mind to do sth 决定做某事
(2)make a decision 做决定
①My mother has decided _______________(take) me to acting lessons.
【四川南充】The classroom was so dirty . I decided ____.
A. clean it up B. to clean it up C. clean up it
11. For example , he’s owned a train and railway set since his fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.
【解析】own 拥有
own v 拥有→owner n 物主 of one’s own 某人自己的 the owner of … ……的所有者
①Who is the ____________(own) of the bike? ②I want to see it with _______(I) own eyes.
12. And he didn’t want to lose the toy monkey he’s had since then.
【解析】lose (lost , lost) 失去 I hope we won’t lose the competition.
My daughter was more understanding , although she felt sad to part with certain toys.
【解析1】part with 与……分开；失去（尤指舍不得的东西）
e.g. They were sorry to part with the old house.
【解析2】certain ⑴ 某种； 某事；某人 （在句中只能做定语，常与不定代词a连用，可修饰单、复数名词）
e.g. A certain person called on me yesterday.
⑵ adj. 确实的，无疑的
be certain of 对某事有把握 e.g. They are certain of success.
be certain to do sth 肯定做某事 He is certain to come.
be certain +that确信 e.g. I’m certain that he’ll come.
( ) He is certain _____ to ninety.
A. live B. of live C. to live D. to living.
13. As for me, I didn’t want to give up my football shirts , but , to be honest , I haven’t played for a while now.
【解析1】as for 至于；关于 （后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语）
e.g. As for computer, I’m not telling you anything.
【解析2】 to be honest = to tell (you) the truth老实说；说实话
【拓展】honest adj. 诚实的（反）dishonest adj. 不诚实的an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩
【注】honest 以元音音素开头，所以前面的定冠词要用an.
①He is a _________(honest) boy. We all don’t like him.
②She is an __________(honest) girl. We all like her.
③ Tom likes to tell lies, he is________(honest)
( ) We should be honest to everyone . We shouldn’t tell lies.
A. dishonest B. true C. truth D. truthful
【解析3】for a while 一会儿 She　likes　to　lie　down　for　a　while　after　lunch.
14. What will they do with the money they raise from the sale?
【解析】do with 处理；对付（某人或某物）
deal with 处理 与how 连用
do with 处理 与what 连用
do with
“处理；安置”，强调处理的对象，常与what连用
I don’t know what to do with these letters.
deal with
“处理；应付”，强调处理的方式、方法，常与how连用
He taught me how to deal with pressure.
【2011玉溪】We can’t decide what will happen in our life, but we can decide how we will _____it.
A. agree with B. begin with C. deal with D. come up with
( ) — ____ do you ____ your broken watch? — I am going to take it to the watchmaker’s .
A. How; do with B. What; deal with C. How; deal with D. What; did with