北戴河英文导游词.doc

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北戴河英文导游词

Beidaihe - A Must for Birds Watchers
Set on the coast some 280 km east of Beijing, the seaside holiday resort of Beidaihe is famous not only as a tourist center and as a good place to recuperate after illness, but also as one of the best places in the world to see migratory birds.
China’’s Yanshan Mountain Range winds its way thousands of miles from the west to the eastern seaboard. It sends a number of waterways like the Henghe, Daihe, Yanghe and Luanhe rivers down to the Bohai Sea at Beidaihe. They create a vast area of wetlands, mud-banks, and lagoons with rich feeding and good places for birds to rest. Here migratory routes come together like great seasonal rivers of birds linking northeast Asia with south China, Indo-China, Australia and even far off east Africa.
Nature has richly endowed Beidaihe with bird species and of the 1,198 found in China, 416 have been recorded at Beidaihe. This is a part of the world that plays host to eighteen species of gulls, three of swans, and six of cranes.
Xu Weishu, vice director of the China Ornithological Society tells of the time when as many as 2,729 oriental white storks were recorded in Beidaihe, doubling the previous world record.
Look into the skies of Beidaihe in the first ten days of November every year and you will be sure to see flocks of red-crowned cranes and white cranes.
The year from May 1999 to May 2000 saw ten new bird species added to the list for Beidaihe.
Back in the 1940s Danish scientist, Axel Hemmingsen, published a report saying that he had seen large numbers of cranes at Beidaihe, but no one followed up on this at the time. Then in 1985 guided by Hemmingsen’’s report, British ornithologist Doctor Martin Williams first came to Beidaihe. With the help of an official from the Beidaihe tourism authority, Dr Williams visited Shijiutuo Island in nearby Laoting County. What he discovered there was far beyond his expectations and he found many new kinds of birds. Since then, accompanied by his Chinese counterpart, Xu Weishu, he has brought many overseas professionals together in Beidaihe every year to enjoy watching the birds and carry out research.
Since the first two parties of Chinese bird enthusiasts visited Beidaihe in 1999, more and more domestic visitors have joined bird watching groups going there on vacation.
Beidaihe has enjoyed a good reputation since 1893. It was then that a British engineer helping build a railway line recognized that with its low hills, beaches and sea breezes, the headland was an ideal place to go to escape the summer heat of the interior. On his recommendation, the first holidaymakers arrived. Beidaihe, until then a poor fishing village, quickly became popular with diplomats, merchants, missionaries, and well off Chinese.
Meanwhile the birds are regular visitors here too. Flocks of gulls are easily spotted. What might not be so easy is to be able to distinguish among the bewildering variety in the skies over Beidaihe. Many different birds pass through here as the seasons come and go and every year still sees fresh species spotted. It is a magnificent sight to see the occasional flock of large cranes pass by or to watch the birds of prey, however the larger birds have been decreasing in number.
Round the calendar
The period spanning the last ten days of April through the last ten days of May is the best season for bird watching. This is when you can see the greatest number and variety of birds in Beidaihe.
Then the period from the last ten days of August through September is the time for the medium and small wading birds to pass through.
October brings another peak season as many birds pass through the area, going south for the winter.
As the colder weather comes in with the first ten days of November, flocks of cranes will be making their way south. They will come north again the following March.
The best spots· For waterfowl and songbirds, try Chitu Hill, Lianfeng Hill and the hilltops in Geziwo Park or the many well-wooded courtyards in Beidaihe District. 
· For swimming and wading birds, Daihe, Yanghe and Dapu rivers should not disappoint.
· Visit Jiaoshan Mountain to enjoy watching birds of prey and songbirds.
· Shijiutuo Island in nearby Laoting County is well worth an extended visit of a few days duration.

guiyuan temple
chinese buddhist temples are never single buildings. they always consist of a group buildings following a fundamental patter, which can, however, be modified. the main buildings and their symmetrically corresponding secondary buildings form individual groups and courtyards. the entire temple complex is spacious. the building inside the complex are usually single-storied and the main halls are sometimes decorated with a double roof. the towers, pavilions and halls can be multi-storied structures.

the chinese temple complex has been subject to great structural changes throughout the centuries. but temple architects follow the basic principles of secular structures from the tang dynasty onwards. the complexes stand on a central axis, usually a north-south axis: east-west only as an exception. (guiyuan temple is just the very exception.) the main buildings are strung along this central axis, their broadest sides facing south or east.
the most important and most frequently presented building inside a buddhist temple complex are the main entrance gate, the bell and drum towers, the hall of the heavenly kings, the hall of the buddha and a pagoda.
buddhism is said to be founded in india in the 6th century bc by siddatha gautama (bc565 –bc486), the son of a nobleman and member of the kshatriya caste near the present borders of india and nepal. buddhism advocates that all the people are created equal and turns against the caste system of brahmanism, so it was popular with the common people.
it was said that buddhism was spread to china in 2 bc. at the beginning, it was only regarded as a kind of witch. about 200 ad, chinese version of buddhist s criptures began to appear, and thus, buddhist doctrines began to emerge with traditional chinese religious thought. from 2nd century to late 6th century, translation and research of buddhist sects with chinese characteristics were becoming more and more popular and many temples were built, which reached its peak in sui dynasty (581ad-617ad) and tang dynasty (618-907). some buddhist sects with chinese characteristics came into being. buddhism exerts a great influence on chinese philosophy, literature, art and folk customs.
what is presented before our eyes is a copper statue of a famous bodhisattva in hynayana buddhism. bodhisattva is a tittle which is only next to buddha. this statue is the image of avalokitesvara, which has been popular with chinese people or more than 1,000 years. she is called the goddess of mercy cordially by chinese and is regarded as the symbol of kindness, mercy and benevolence. when we visit the avalokitesvara pavilion after a while, i will give a detailed introduction about her. this copper statue was sent to guiyuan temple by taiwan buddhists in september 1990. it shows that all chinese, whether in the mainland or in taiwan, are eager for the reunion of the country, even including religion believers.
the building we see now is the buddha hall where one certain buddha and his two assistant bodhisattvases are worshiped. this buddha is amitabha buddha. amitabha means incomparable brightness. according to buddhism, time and space is limitless and thus there are many many buddhas in different spaces and times. but in a certain space or in a certain period of time, there is only one certain buddha who is in charge of instructing all living creatures. amitabha buddha is the buddha who presides over the land of ultimate bliss in the west, which will come in the future. buddhist s criptures describe the land of ultimate bliss as a wonderland, in which no pain exists and the people enjoy their lives. in one word, it’s very attractive. some people will think it must be very difficult to enter such a world. how can i go to such a paradise? maybe i have to work hard and bear a lot of sufferings. in fact, it’s very easy to enter the world. he only need often murmur ‘may buddha preserve us’ sincerely. it’s enough.
you see, the statue in the middle is the very buddha. on his left is the goddess of mercy. on his right is the other bodhisattva who follows the buddha. it is said that he can save all the living creatures from three kinds of terrible disasters.

Evening Scenes of Chongqing

The Red Star Pavilion in the Pipasha Park, the Kansheng Pavilion in the Eling Park, and a place called Yikeshu on the Nanshan Mountain are vintage points for observing the nocturnal scenes of the mountain city of Chongqing. At night the entire city is inundated in an ocean of lights, which form a colorful three-dimensional painting, with waves of the Yangtze and Jialing rivers glistening against the moonlit, star spangled sky.

Sites of the Provisional Capital

Chongqing figured importantly in modem Chinese history. During the War of Resistance against Japan, it was the “provisional capital” of China under the Kuomintang rule from November 1937 to October 1945. Vestiges of that period are still there in and around the city. These include the Red Crag Village and 50 Zengjiayan, as well as Chiang Kai-shek’s mansion, Guiyuan Garden, Linyuan Garden, and the mansion of C.C. Kong, the embassies of various countries to China, as well as former residences of important politicians, generals and cultural figures.

Martyrs’ Mausoleum at Mount Gele

The former headquarters, radio station and prison of the Bureau of Investigation and Statistics of the Military Council (a colossal secret service of the Kuomintang) at the foot of the Gele Mountain in Shapingba District have become the mausoleum for those who died a martyr’s death there in China’s dark days. In the dying years of World War 11, it was the site of the “Sino0US Institute for Cooperation in Special Technology”.

Dazu Grottoes

The Dazu Grottoes in the county of the same name is best known for the stone carvings on the Baodingshan and Beishan mountains, which are fine example of grotto sculpture in the late years of Chinese feudalism. The sculptures, done in fastidious chisel work and gracious imagery, are marked by a new sculptural language that eschews religious taboos and espouses true life.

Yangtze River’s Three Gorges

Sailong down the Yangtze from Chongqing to Yichang allows visitors to see the spectacular scenery of the Three Gorges along with its splendid cultural heritage and fabled local folklore. The cruise, which combines sightseeing with scientific, artistic and folklore exploration, is a national-caliber tourist program. The 193-km-long Three Gorges, consisting of the majestic Qutangxia, statuesque Wuxia and ferocious Xilingxia gorges, is one of and ferocious Xilongxia gorges, is one of the world’s major canyons. Along the way there are such scenic attractions as the Fengdu Mountain. Baidi city, Shibao village, Zhang Fel’s Temple, Qu Yuan’s Temple, and the Three Gorges Dam.

Lesser Three Gorges

The Daning River is the largest Yangtze tributary, which rises in the southern side of the Daba Mountain and flows for 250km before emptying itself into the Yangtze at the western entrance to the Wuxia Gorge. The Lesser Three Gorges on the Daning River, a 50km-long affair covering the Longmenxia, Bawuxia and Dicuixia gorges in the lower reaches of the river, is billed as one of China’s 40 best scenic resorts thanks to its gorgeous mountains, elegant peaks, turbulent rapids, limpid water, exotic rock imagery and serene scenery.

Diaoyu City, Hechuan

Established in 1242, or the 2nd year of the Chunyou reign of the Southern Song, Diaoyu City covers 2.5 square km up the Diaoyu Mountain on the southern shore of the Jialing River in Hechuan City’s Heyang Town. In 1258, the Mongols launched a three-way attack on the Song, and in February the next year Diaoyu City found itself besieged. The Song army mounted a valiant counterattack that last3ed for 36 years, and made world war history by rebuffing a strong enemy with a weak force. This prompted some European historians to laud Diaoyu City as the “Mecca of the East” and “Where God broke his whip”. The ruins of the ancient battlefield of Diaoyu City are well kept there.

Jinyun Mountain

Nicknamed “Less Mount Emei”, Jinyun Mountain is a national scenic resort 55km from downtown Chongqing.

Furong Cave, Wulung

The Furong (Hibiscus) Cave is located by the Furong River in Wulung County. The main part of the cave is 2,700 metres in length and 3.7 square metres in area. The Splendid Cave is the most impressive. Housed in it are nearly 30 varieties of stalactites chiseled into every manner of exotic imagery by the cunning labor of nature. Major attractions are Gold Throne Hall, Leifeng Pagoda and Sky-reaching Jade Pillar.

Chongqing Museum

Located at Pipashan Street, the Chongqing Museum is in the possession of more than 100,000 cultural artifacts, including 10,000 or so valuable ones.

Chongqing Nature Museum

Local natural history and fauna and flora samples are on display in the Chongqing Nature Museum in Beibei district, which includes a display room for dinosaurs that have been founding Sichuan.

Other Scenic Attractions

Other scenic attractions include the south and north Hot springs, Red Crag Village, Simian (Four-Face) Mountain, Jinfo (Golden Buddha) Mountain, Earth’s Chasm at Tianjing Gorge, and Heavenly Crate at Xiaozhai village.

Three Gorges Tourist Festival

Time: June every year
What’s On: Cruise on the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, the Ghost City at Fengdu, Dazu Grottoes, Shibao Village, Zhang Fei’s Temple, Baidi City at Fengjie and Lesser Three Gorges. Other activities include float parade, full-length variety show and tourist business talks.

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