牛津高中英语模块七M7-Unit2-Reading.ppt

Lookatthepicturesonpage17.Wouldyouliketodoanyofthejobsshowninthepictures?New wordsdrugrevolution medicine counterlikely beneficial invent chemical chew possess physician chemist risk tree bark containtrial distributepowdertabletformpain reliefvital potential stroke diabetesvWhat are the two medicines mentioned in the article?vWhen was penicillin first discovered?vWhat did Fleming,Florey and Chain share?When did people find that drinking a special tea could reduce fever and pain?When was aspirin first made?What is the main idea of paragraph 3?A.The history of aspirinB.Aspirin can reduce heart attack C.Other functions of aspirin besides reducing pain and fever.Itcanalsohelp(to)reducetheriskofheartattackspreventstrokesreducetheriskofsomecancersincreasethelengthofpeopleslivesreducebloodsugarlevelandhelpwithdiabetes.language points focus on(L1)millions of(L4)prove beneficial to(L4)chew on sth.(L8)in powder form(L15)/in the form of(L16)pain relief(L17)have the potential to do(L21)reduce the risk of(L21)carry out(L22)reduce.by.(L26)help do sth.(L27)Sentence analysis If you open up any medicine cupboard or go to any medicine counter in the world,it is likely that you will find aspirin and penicillin.(L2-3)Its likely that 很有可能很有可能.likely adj.可能的 反：unlikelysb.be likely to do sth.类似结构：类似结构：It is probable/possible that Its probable/possible for sb.to do sth.There is possibility that.Nearly 3500 years ago,people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever.(L8-10)主干：people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea 定语：made from leaves 修饰tea;possessing a special chemical修饰leaves.目的状语：to reduce body pains and feverIt was in 1897 that a European chemist called Dr.Felix Hoffmann produced aspirin from this chemical.(L12-13)It is/was+被强调部分+that.强调a European chemist called Dr.Felix Hoffmann-It was a European chemist called Dr.Felix Hoffmann that produced aspirin from this chemical in 1897.Not only has apirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain,but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.(L18-20)not only.but(also).后所连接的词性必须对等。not only 连接两个分句，放于句首时，此分句要用部分倒装。He spoke not only more correctly,but more easily.The poor man not only had been fined,but also had been sent to prison.It is vital that.“.是至关重要的”；从句中的谓语动词要用“(should)+动词原形”It is vital that every piece of equipment(should)be checked before the experiment 4.Inamouldthatkilledbacteria.5.Itmightbeusedtotreatillnessescausedbybacteria.6.Firsthewasunabletofindaproceducetomakeapenicillinpureenoughtoworkasamedicine.Second,itwasdifficulttoproducepenicillinintheamplequantitiesneddedtobeeffective.be considered(to be/as)(L33)in contemporary society(L34)note(L35)grow bacteria(L36)try out on sth.(38-39)have an application in treating illnesses(L40)name sb./sth.sth.(双宾语双宾语)(L41-42)work as(L44)manage to do sth.(L47)in large quantities(L47-48)due to the widespread use of (L50)It astonished him to see the bacteria surrounding the mould dead,which meant that the mould had killed them.It astonished sb.to see/find/hear.让某人震惊现在分词“surrounding the mould”充当bacteria的后置定语关系代词“which”引导非限制性定语从句，指代_?在从句中充当_?the bacteria surrounding the mould dead主语 If penicillin had not been available,many people would have died from sickness or even small wounds.-与过去事实相反的虚拟语气从句：had done;主句：would have done要是你早一点到的话，你就可以碰见他。If you had arrived earlier,you would have met him.=Had you arrived earlier,you would have met him.PartD:1.revolution2.beneficial3.possess4.circulate5.astonish6.approval7.acceleratea.having a good effectb.surprise someone very muchc.agreement to go ahead with a plan or an idea.d.have or own something.e.make something happen faster than usualf.a great change that affexts many peopleg.move around a place or system without stopping_fadgbceEReadthispassageabouthownewdrugsarediscovered.Completeitwiththewordsinthebox.applicationunablesicknessespotentialabnormaleffectiveNewdrugsarefoundinmanydifferentways.Somevitalmedicineshavebeenfoundbecausescientistswerelookingforthen.Forexample,DrFelixHoffmannknewofdifferenttraditionalmedicinesthatcouldprovidereliefforsymptonssuchasfeverandpain.However,thesetraditionalmedicineshadthe(1)_ofeithercausingpeopletobleedorhaveaseverestomachupset,ortheyweretooweaktobe(2)_.potentialeffectiveDrHoffmanwasabletopickoutoneofthesetraditionalmedicinesandmakeitmorebeneficial.Thus,aspirinwasborn.Today,researchersallovertheworldareexploringtraditionalmedicinestoseehowtheycanbeimprovedandappliedinmodernmedicine.Otherdrugsarediscoveredbyaccident.Forexample,AlexanderFlemingwasnotlookingforpenicillin,butwasdoingresearchonsomethingelse.Flemingwouldhavebeen(3)_tomakehisdiscoveryifhehadignoredthemould.unableSinceitwas(4)_formouldtobeinthatladdish,somethingmusthavegonewrong.Perhapsthedishhadnotbeencleanedusingtheproperprocedures.Perhapsawindowhadbeenopened,andthemouldhadbeencarriedinbythewind.Wewillneverknow.However,withthe(5)_ofhisdiscovery,millionsofpeoplehavebeencuredofdifferent(6)_.Whatotherhappyaccidentsmayhappeninthefuture,savingmanylives?abnormalapplicationsicknesses openup:phrasalverb(1)toshowsomethingthatwashiddenornotpreviouslyknown:The debate could open up sharp differences between the countries.这次辩论能够揭露这些国家之间的明显差异。这次辩论能够揭露这些国家之间的明显差异。(2)tomakeaspacelargerorlessenclosed:Were going to open up our kitchen by knocking down a couple of walls.我们打算把墙壁推倒来扩大我们的厨房。我们打算把墙壁推倒来扩大我们的厨房。Language Points(3)tostarttotalkmoreaboutyourselfandyourfeelings:IveneveropeneduptoanyonelikeIdotoyou.我从来没有对任何人像对你一样地敞开心扉。我从来没有对任何人像对你一样地敞开心扉。focusonsth.聚焦于聚焦于听讲座的时候听讲座的时候,你应该特别关注演讲者的主要观你应该特别关注演讲者的主要观点。点。Whenlisteningtoalecture,youshouldfocusonthespeakersmainpoints.这个节目主要讲述了中国的太空探险。这个节目主要讲述了中国的太空探险。TheprogrammainlyfocusesonChinasspaceexploration.你必须把思想集中在解答难题上。你必须把思想集中在解答难题上。Youmustfocusyourmindonworkingouttheproblem.所有的目光都集中在演讲者的身上。所有的目光都集中在演讲者的身上。Alltheeyeswerefocusedonthespeaker.focusonesmind/attention/eyeson把把集中于集中于tobethefocusofattention成为注意力的中心成为注意力的中心明星一走进大厅便成了大家注意的中心。明星一走进大厅便成了大家注意的中心。Thesuperstarimmediatelybecamethefocusofattentionwhenheenteredthehall.环境保护的话题是我们这十年重点关注的东西。环境保护的话题是我们这十年重点关注的东西。Thetopicofenvironmentalprotectionisourfocusinthisdecade.focusn.中心中心(点点),集中点集中点,焦点焦点他躺在草地上他躺在草地上,眼睛凝视着天空。眼睛凝视着天空。Helayonthegrass,withhiseyes_onthesky.focusedfixedmakefrom:toproducesomething,oftenusingaparticularsubstanceormaterial:Butter is made out of/from milk.黄油是用牛奶做的。黄油是用牛奶做的。相关短语相关短语:makeof/bemadeofEarrings are made of gold.makeinto/bemadeintoWood can be made into tables.makeup/bemadeupofEleven players make up the football team.The football team is made up of eleven players.耳环是金子做的。耳环是金子做的。木头可以制成桌子。木头可以制成桌子。11个队员组成了这支足球队。个队员组成了这支足球队。这支足球队是由这支足球队是由11个队员组成的。个队员组成的。trial:nounCorU atest,usuallyoveralimitedperiodoftime,todiscoverhoweffectiveorsuitablesomethingorsomeoneis:Theyve employed her for a six-month trial(period).他们雇佣她已经有他们雇佣她已经有6个月的试用期了。个月的试用期了。这个新方法正在试用。这个新方法正在试用。his new method is on trial.trialanderror:nounawayofachievinganaimorsolvingaproblembytryinganumberofdifferentmethodsandlearningfromthemistakesthatyoumakeTheres no instant way of finding a cure its just a process of trial and error.找到一种治疗办法没有便捷的方式找到一种治疗办法没有便捷的方式这是这是一个反复试验的过程。一个反复试验的过程。inanyshapeorform:ofanytypeIm opposed to war in any shape or form.我反对任何形式的战争。我反对任何形式的战争。inform=intheformofThe lawn was laid out in the form of the figure eight.这块草坪是以八这个数字的形式设计的。这块草坪是以八这个数字的形式设计的。contain:verbTnotcontinuoustohavesomethinginsideorincludesomethingasapart:How much liquid do you think this bottle contains?你认为这个瓶子里装有多少水你认为这个瓶子里装有多少水?Try to avoid foods which contain a lot of fat.尽量不要吃含有很多脂肪的食物。尽量不要吃含有很多脂肪的食物。length:noun(1)CorUthemeasurementofsomethingfromendtoendoralongitslongestside:The boat is ten metres in length.这艘船长这艘船长10米。米。(2)Capieceofsomethingsuchasstringorpipe:a length of rope一段绳子一段绳子(3)Ctheamountoftimesomethingtakes:the length of a film/speech/play一部电影一部电影/一篇讲话一篇讲话/一部戏剧的长短一部戏剧的长短keepsb.atarmslength:tonotallowsomeonetobecometoofriendlywithyou:I always had the feeling she was keeping me at arms length.我一直感觉她避免我和她亲近。我一直感觉她避免我和她亲近。atlength:(1)Ifsomethinghappensatlength,ithappensafteralongperiodoftime：At length,they allowed her to go home.终于他们允许她回家了。终于他们允许她回家了。(2)ingreatdetailspeak at(great)length详细得讲了好久详细得讲了好久note:verbT(1)tonoticesomething:They noted the consumers growing demand for quicker service.他们注意到了消费者们对更快的服务的日益他们注意到了消费者们对更快的服务的日益增长的需求。增长的需求。I failed to note that he had left.我没有注意到他已经走了。我没有注意到他已经走了。(2)importance,orwhensomethingdeservesattention:nounUThere was nothing of note in the latest report.最近的报道里没有什么值得注意的。最近的报道里没有什么值得注意的。notedadjectiveknownbymanypeople,especiallybecauseofparticularqualities:Shes not noted for her patience(=She is not a patient person).她因为没有耐心而出名。她因为没有耐心而出名。quantity:n.CorUtheamountornumberofsth.,especiallythatcanbemeasuredorisfixed:Police found a large/small quantity of drugs in his possession.We consumed vast quantities of food and drink that night.警察发现他拥有大量的毒品。警察发现他拥有大量的毒品。那天晚上我们消费了大量的食物和饮料。那天晚上我们消费了大量的食物和饮料。They are now developing ways to produce the vaccine in large quantities and cheaply.他们正在研制大批并且廉价地生产疫苗的方法。他们正在研制大批并且廉价地生产疫苗的方法。表示表示“许多许多”的词或短语如下：的词或短语如下：(1)修饰可数名词的：修饰可数名词的：many,agreat/goodmany,quiteafew,alarge/greatnumberof/numbersof,manya,(2)修饰不可数名词的：修饰不可数名词的：much,agreatdealof,alargeamountof/largeamountsof(3)既可以修饰可数又可以修饰不可数名词的：既可以修饰可数又可以修饰不可数名词的：alotof/lotsof,plentyof,alargequantityof/largequantitiesof,amassof,massesof(2007浙江浙江)Wealwayskeep_sparepaper,incaseweranout.A.toomuchB.anumberC.plentyofD.agoodmany高考链接高考链接available:adjectiveabletobeobtained,used,orreached:Is this dress available in a larger size?这件礼服有大点尺寸的吗？这件礼服有大点尺寸的吗？我们必须确保每个人都可以喝到新鲜的淡水。我们必须确保每个人都可以喝到新鲜的淡水。We must make sure that fresh drinking water can be available to everyone.die:verbIdying,died,diedtostoplivingorexisting,eithersuddenlyorslowly:She died of/from hunger.她死于饥饿。她死于饥饿。die相关短语相关短语:diefrom：死于（外因）死于（外因）dieof：死于（疾病，饥饿，严寒等内因）死于（疾病，饥饿，严寒等内因）dieaway：（声音等的）消逝（声音等的）消逝diedown：（火势，怒气等的）平息（火势，怒气等的）平息dieout：（风俗习惯，物种等的）灭绝，（风俗习惯，物种等的）灭绝，消失消失dieoff：相继死去直至死光相继死去直至死光diefor：为：为而死；渴望得到而死；渴望得到The sound of his footsteps gradually diedaway.他的脚步声渐渐地消失了。他的脚步声渐渐地消失了。It was several minutes before the applause died down.几分钟后掌声才平息下来。几分钟后掌声才平息下来。Dinosaurs died out millions of years ago.恐龙是数百万年前灭绝的。恐龙是数百万年前灭绝的。Its a custom which is beginning to die out.这是一个开始消失的风俗。这是一个开始消失的风俗。His parents died off within a year.他的父母在一年内相继去世。他的父母在一年内相继去世。I am dying for/to have a drink.我口渴得要命。我口渴得要命。