××西站站房及站台雨棚工程地下室防水工程施工方案.docx

目 录
一、编制依据 2
二、工程概况 2
三、施工准备 3
四、技术要求 3
五、地下室防水施工 4
六、防水层检测试验： 14
七、施工现场管理 14
八、质量标准 15
九、成品保护 15
十、安全环保措施 16

一、编制依据
1.1《地下防水工程技术规范》GB50108—2008
1.2《地下防水工程质量验收规范》GB50208—2002
1.3《长春西施-结（咨）0201》
1.4《哈大客运专线长春西站站房及站台雨棚工程施工组织设计》
1.5《地下建筑防水构造图集》
1.6《聚乙烯丙纶卷材复合防水工程技术规程》CECS199：2006
二、工程概况
序号
项 目
内 容
1
建筑功能
地下部分
地下通道及设备房间
2
建筑面积
总建筑面积
112074.86m2
其中
站房
61456.85m2
站台雨棚
42771.6m2
商业夹层
7846.4m2
3
建筑层数
地下1层，地上2层
4
建筑层高
地下一层层高
11.5m
夹层层高
5.0 m
5
结构形式
型钢混凝土结构
6
抗震等级
工程设防烈度
7度
7
混凝土强度等级
型钢混凝土柱及预应力梁为C50；通道侧墙、顶板、基础梁、底板及承台为C40；架空站台板及桩采用C35；地下通道底板、外侧墙、顶板混凝土中掺加聚丙烯纤维，掺量为0.8g/m3。后浇带及膨胀加强带处混凝土强度等级比两侧提高5MPa，且采用补偿性收缩混凝土
8
泵送形式
拖式砼泵及汽车泵
9
地上泵管
采用Ф125mm和布料杆
10
地下室防水设计
本工程地下结构的防水等级为Ⅱ级。结构外墙、底板、地梁等采用C40P8混凝土，并在底板、外墙外侧迎水面辅以柔性防水层。
主体结构：采用聚乙烯丙纶复合防水卷材。
施工缝采用：中埋式钢板止水带
变形缝采用：中埋式止水带、外贴式止水带、防水密封材料
后浇带采用：补偿收缩混凝土、遇水膨胀止水条、预埋注浆花管

三、施工准备
1、材料准备：
（1）聚乙烯丙纶复合防水材料，C40 P8抗渗混凝土、聚合物水泥粘结材料、聚苯泡沫板等。
（2）辅助材料：专用胶，水泥。
（3）进场的聚乙烯丙纶卷材抽样复验符合以下规定：
a、同一厂家、同一规格的聚乙烯丙纶复合防水卷材抽样数量为：大于500卷的抽5卷，200—500卷抽4卷，50—199卷抽取3卷，小于50卷抽取2卷。
b、将抽检的聚乙烯丙纶卷材开卷进行规格和外观质量检验，全部指标达到标准规定为合格。其中如有一项指标达不到要求时，在受检产品中加倍抽样复验，全部达到标准为合格。复验时有一项指标不合格，则判定该产品外观质量为不合格。
c、在外观质量检验合格的卷材中，任取一卷做物理性能检验，检验包括以下项目：
1）撕裂强度——不小于20N/10mm。
2）胶复合强度——不小于1.2N/mm。
3）低温弯折性——低温（-20度）弯折，表面无裂纹。
4）不透水性——压力0.3MPa，保持120min，不透水。
（4）进场的聚合物水泥防水胶粘材料抽样复验符合以下规定：
a、同一厂家、同一品种的胶粘材料每2t为一批，不足2t按一批进行抽检。
b、胶粘材料检查拉伸粘结强度、抗渗性能、剪切状态下的粘合性。
（5）防水材料进场后应放置于室内立放，避免雨淋。
2、主要机具：小平铲、滚刷、毛刷、胶皮板刷、铁桶、剪刀、皮卷尺、钢卷尺、扫把、铁抹子、射钉枪、压辊、刮刀、铲刀、台秤等。
四、技术要求
1、防水施工基面要坚实平整，光洁，不能有酥松、起砂、裂缝、翘起和尖凸、坑洼、空鼓等现象。
2、阴阳角处应做成圆弧或者45度（135度）折角，转角和阴阳角处等特殊部位，增贴1-2层相同的卷材，宽度宜为300mm-500mm。
3、卷材铺贴前应在基层上涂基层处理剂，基层潮湿时应涂湿固化型粘结剂或隔离剂，基层处理与卷材和粘结剂相容，并涂刷均匀，待表面干燥后，方可铺贴卷材。
4、卷材防水层铺贴时应展平压实，卷材与基面和个层卷材必须粘结紧密。
5、卷材短边和长边的搭接宽度均不应<150mm，上下两层和相邻两幅卷材的接缝应错开1/3-1/2幅宽，且两层卷材不得相互垂直铺贴。
6、卷材接缝处必须黏贴严密，接缝处用相应相容密封材料，宽度不应小于10mm。
7、对于穿墙管洞处应先做附加层，而后再大面施工，对洞口处剪成四瓣插入洞内粘贴，待管道安装完成后再用密封膏对管周缝隙进行填充封闭。
8、铺贴卷材时应控制胶粘剂涂刷与卷材铺贴的间隔时间，排除卷材下面的空气，并辊压粘结牢固，不得有空鼓。
五、地下室防水施工
施工顺序，按照先底板后墙面，先附加层后大面，先承台、梁后底板施工，大面积施工时可由中间向两端施工。地下室防水层施工前，应先做好节点、附加层和桩基础钢筋比较集中部位的处理，然后由最低标高处向上施工。
1、施工条件：
（1）聚乙烯丙纶防水卷材施工温度宜在5℃以上25℃以下进行，雨天、雪天、5级风及以上天气禁止施工，在施工中遇到雨天要做好防护措施。
（2）找平层验收合格，基层在潮湿的情况下只要无明水便可施工。
2、铺设卷材注意事项
(1)水泥粘结剂涂刮后应随即铺贴卷材，防止时间过长胶中的水份散失影响粘接质量。
(2)用刮板排气刮实卷材的同时注意检查卷材下面有无硬性颗粒及其它物质将卷材垫起，如有应将其取出重新粘贴。已铺设完的防水层在水泥素浆具备一定强度前避免人员在上部来回踩踏，以免卷材起鼓。防水层验收合格后，尽快进行下道工序的施工。
(3)卷材必须平整粘贴于找平层上，不得打皱、翘边，粘贴面积应达90%以上。
(4)铺贴卷材严禁在雨天、雪天、五级及以上大风天气中施工，施工环境不宜低于5℃。卷材施工温度高于25℃时，应立即向施工后的卷材表面喷水降温和遮盖养护，防止卷材变形起鼓。
(5)卷材采用搭接法铺贴，卷材搭接缝宽度：长边与短边均为100mm，上下层、相邻两幅卷材的搭结缝及主防水层与附加层搭接缝应错开1/3~1/2幅宽以上。
(6)卷材搭结缝满粘，接缝压实后在接缝边缘再涂刷一层水泥素浆将接缝密封严实，接缝不允许有露底、打皱、翘曲、起空现象。
(7)立面复合卷材粘贴必须纵向粘贴，自上向下对正，自下向上排气压实，要求基层与卷材同时涂胶，卷材满粘。铺贴立面卷材时，采取防止卷材下滑的措施。
3、主要部位防水施工
（1）桩头防水
桩头防水层施工前应将桩头凿平，桩头不能有松动的混凝土，并且使桩头清洁，不能有浮灰。水泥基渗透结晶型防水涂料施工时，基层混凝土应润湿。在锚筋部位加设遇水膨胀止水条。

桩头防水

（2）承台、底板防水
在混凝土垫层上直接铺设聚乙烯丙纶复合防水卷材，铺设防水卷材采用配套的聚合物水泥粘结材料，卷材与基层粘贴采用满粘法，粘结面积不小于90%，粘结料刮涂均匀，不出现露底、堆积现象。固化后的粘结材料厚度不小于1.3mm。卷材铺设完毕及时浇筑60厚细石混凝土保护层。

承台底板防水构造图

（3）承台、反梁侧面防水
根据模板工程施工方案，砌筑砖模完成后在砖模内表面抹1cm水泥砂浆找平层，铺设聚乙烯丙纶复合防水卷材，采用聚苯泡沫板防水卷材保护层，防止钢筋破坏防水卷材。部分承台为阶梯式，上一阶承台模板为300mm高砖模与木模版组合模板，防水卷材在砖模与木模交接处甩出，待木模板拆除后，将卷材沿承台面铺设，与底板防水卷材相接，形成整体防水。在砖模顶部接上部防水卷才时，卷材相接部位设置附加层。反梁做法同上部承台做法。
在阴阳角处，先铺贴增强附加层，附加层宽度为500，在附加层验收合格后方可进行大面积施工，长短向搭接不得小于100mm；承台立面采用先刷粘接剂紧跟着铺贴卷材，在用刮板从下向上刮贴，已达到粘接剂均匀密实；挡土墙上部防水卷材预留300宽，以便于侧墙防水施工时搭接。
（4）侧墙防水
侧墙防水做法：侧墙模板拆除后，直接在侧墙表面铺设聚乙烯丙纶复合防水卷材，采用挤塑聚苯板保护层，保护层铺设完毕，及时在侧墙外侧进行回填。
（5）顶板防水
顶板防水做法：钢筋混凝土自防水→20厚1：2水泥砂浆找平层→聚乙烯丙纶复合防水卷材→20厚1：2水泥砂浆保护层。
（6）消防水池防水
消防水池池底、池壁的防水做法：钢筋混凝土池底、池壁→20厚1：2.5水泥砂浆找平层→涂刷基层处理剂→2厚聚氨酯防水层→20厚1：2.5水泥砂浆保护层→5厚1：1水泥砂浆粘合层→50厚150宽白瓷砖面层，纯水泥擦缝。
（7）卫生间防水
卫生间防水做法：现浇钢筋混凝土底板→300厚轻集料混凝土垫层→最薄处30厚C20细石混凝土，从门口处找1%坡至地漏→1.5厚聚氨酯涂膜防水层→20厚1：2干硬性水泥砂浆粘结层→撒素水泥面→10厚600*600防滑玻化地砖，稀水泥浆擦缝。
4、特殊部位防水构造
（1）变形缝处防水构造

通道顶板变形缝防水构造图

通道底板变形缝构造图

侧墙变形缝防水构造图
变形缝施工注意事项：
止水带宽度和材质的物理性能均应符合设计要求，且无裂缝和气泡；接头应采用热接，不得叠接，接缝平整、牢固，不得有裂口和脱胶现象；混凝土浇筑前应校正止水带位置，表面清理干净，止水带损坏处应修补；顶、底板止水带的下侧混凝土应振捣密实，边墙止水带内外侧混凝土应均匀，保持止水带位置正确、平直，无卷曲现象。
中埋式止水带中心线应和变形缝中心线重合，止水带不得穿孔或用铁钉固定；变形缝处除设置止水带及密封胶等止水构件外,在顶板及侧墙设置接水槽, 将少量渗水引入侧沟排出。
底板与顶板的止水带采用盆式安装方法，以利于振捣混凝土时产生的气体顺利排出，振捣时严禁振捣棒接触止水带。
止水带在转角部位的转弯半径不得小于20cm。
侧墙、底板外贴式反应性丁基橡胶中孔型塑料止水带与防水卷材应粘结固定。
变形缝处增设的防水卷材，按设计及规范要求施工。
（2）施工缝处防水构造

板中施工缝防水构造图

墙体施工缝防水构造图
施工缝防水施工注意事项：
施工缝采用钢板止水带，钢板厚3mm，宽400mm。
施工缝与墙体上预留的孔洞边缘不宜小于300mm，垂直施工缝应避开地下水和裂隙水较多的地段，并宜与变形缝相结合。
钢板止水带贴合面四边满焊接相连。
钢板止水带燕尾朝向要求:应有利于混凝土浇筑。
水平施工缝浇筑混凝土前，将其表面浮浆或杂物清理干净，铺水泥砂浆或涂刷混凝土界面处理剂，并及时浇筑混凝土。
垂直施工缝浇筑混凝土前，将其表面清理干净，涂刷混凝土界面处理剂，及时浇筑混凝土。
施工缝处的中埋止水带确保位置准确、固定牢靠。
（3）后浇带处防水构造

顶板后浇带防水构造图

底板后浇带防水构造图

侧墙后浇带防水构造
后浇带施工注意事项：
后浇带处柔性防水层做法同施工缝防水做法，采用补偿收缩防水混凝土浇筑，养护时间不少于28天。后浇带部位局部加厚，增设遇水膨胀止水条，并预埋注浆管。
（4）穿墙板管处防水构造

直埋固定式穿墙板管防水做法图

套管式穿墙板管防水做法图
穿墙板管处防水施工注意事项：
对于穿墙管洞处应先做附加层，而后再大面施工时，对洞口处剪成四瓣插入洞内粘贴，待管道安装完成后再用密封膏对管周缝隙进行填充封闭；
止水环密封焊接钢管外壁上，固定块焊接在钢管内壁上，钢管外涂防锈漆。
穿墙板管防水层施工前，将套管内表面清理干净。
套管内的管道安装完毕后，应在两管间嵌入内衬填料，端部用密封材料填缝。
穿墙板管外侧防水卷材铺设严密，不留接茬；增设附加层部位，按设计及规范要求进行施工。
六、防水层检测试验：
防潮层施工完毕。由于是地下室无法进行蓄水和临水试验，只能注意检查，发现疑点及时处理。在确认没有问题由三方进行验收后，在卷材面上刷一层水泥素浆，然后作防水保护层，浇筑混凝土底面，立面防水保护层采用聚苯泡沫板对防水卷材进行保护，防止绑扎钢筋时破坏卷材。
七、施工现场管理
1、施工现场必须达到工完场净。
2、施工不能在雨季进行，因此在施工前必须认真收听天气预报。如果遇见下雨，将返工重做。
3、施工作业和检查人员不得穿皮鞋、带钉子的鞋防止破坏防水卷材。
4、防水卷材在施工现场应集中立放，统一管理，防止雨淋等措施。
5、施工人员必须带安全帽。
6、材料堆放处、库房、防水作业区必须配备消防器材，堆放处和库房配置干粉灭火器和消防用砂箱，施工现场严禁抽烟，施工时施工现场配备干粉灭火器和消防用砂箱。
7、粘贴外墙时，外墙必须搭设双排脚手架，脚手架必须安装牢固、稳定可靠，脚手架每步高度为1.5米，施工人员必须挂安全带，戴安全帽。
8、防水作业人员通过培训考试合格后方可持证上岗；施工作业人员必须持证上岗并穿戴防护用品（口罩、工作服、工作鞋、手套、安全帽等），按规程操作，不得违章。
9、施工人员在基坑中休息时需远离防水保护墙，不得在防护墙上行走；
10、出入基坑必须走规定的坡道爬梯；高处作业必须有安全可靠的脚手架，并满铺脚手板绑扎牢固，作业人员必须系好安全带
11、严禁使用敞开式灯具。
八、质量标准
1、 聚乙烯丙纶复合防水卷材和聚合物水泥粘结材料的品种、牌号及配合比，必须符合设计要求和有关技术规范、标准的规定。
2、卷材防水层及其变形缝，预埋件等处的细部做法，必须符合设计要求和规范的规定。
3、防水层严禁有渗漏现象。
4、 铺贴卷材防水层的基层应符合要求，平整洁净，无起砂、空鼓和松动现象，阴阳角处应呈直角；防水层无积水现象。
5、粘结材料涂刷均匀，不得有漏刷和麻点等缺陷。
6、卷材防水层铺贴和搭接、收头，应符合设计要求和地下防水工程技术规范的规定，且应粘结牢固，无空裂、损伤、滑移、翘边、起泡、皱折等缺陷。
九、成品保护
1、卷材在运输及保管时平放不高于四层，不得横放、斜放，避免雨淋、日晒、受潮，以防粘结变质。
2、已铺好的卷材防水层，应及时采取保护措施，防止机具和施工作业损伤。操作人员不得穿钉鞋在卷材上作业。
3、穿墙和地面管道根部、地漏等，不得碰坏或造成变位。
4、卷材铺贴完成后，要及时做好保护层。外防外贴法墙角留槎的卷材要妥善保护，防止断裂和损伤，并及时做好保护墙；各层卷材铺完后，其顶端应给予临时固定，并加以保护，及时进行回填。
5、外防内贴防水层在底下防水结构施工前贴在永久性保护墙上，在防水层铺完后，按设计及规范要求，及时做好保护层。
6、排水口、地漏、变形缝等处采取保护措施，保持口内、管内畅通。防止基层积水或污染而影响卷材铺贴质量。
7、变形缝、管等处防水层施工前，应进行临时堵塞，防水层完工后，应进行清除，保证管、缝内通畅，满足使用功能。
十、安全环保措施
1、卷材铺设操作人员必须穿工作服，戴安全帽、口罩、手套等劳保用品。
2、卷材冷粘外贴法施工时，现场严禁烟火。
3、地下室通风不良时，铺贴卷材采取通风措施，防止有机溶剂挥发，使操作人员中毒。
4、防水层所用卷材、粘结材料等均为易燃物品，存放和操作必须远离火源，不得在阴暗处存放，防止发生意外。
5、每次用完的施工工具，药剂师清洗干净，清洗后的溶剂要注意保存或处理掉。
6、施工中废弃物质、粘贴材料及施工垃圾要定时清理，外运至指定地点，避免污染环境。

（英文版 ）
easily blame, to prevent the broken window effect. Supervise the leading cadres to play an exemplary role, take the lead in the strict implementation of the < code > and < rule >, lead to safeguard the solemnity and authority of the party discipline, ensure that the party discipline and the laws and regulations for implementation in place. Throughout the discipline in the daily supervision and management
, strengthen supervision and inspection, from the thorough investigation of violations of discipline behavior. Strengthen to key areas, key departments and key projects as well as the masses reflect the concentration of the units and departments for supervision. - strengthening supervision, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to set an example for compliance with the < code > and < rule > is a man must be hexyl, blacksmith needs its own hardware. Discipline inspection organs as the executor of the party discipline, and supervisor of the defenders, for its supervision must be more strictly, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to firmly establish the awareness of Party Constitution, sense of discipline and rules consciousness, politics loyalty, sense obey. Action speak Ji Ordinance to set an example of the regulations of the rule of law, strengthen supervision and accept the supervision of the firmness and consciousness, do comply with < > and < >. To firmly establish the discipline must first be disciplined, the supervisor will be subject to the supervision of "concept, and consciously safeguard and implement party compasses party, take the lead in practicing" three strict real strict, so loyal, clean, play. To be good at learning, the Constitution and the < code > as morality, politics and brought to fruition; to implement < >, do not want to, dare not, not with disciplinary ruler to supervision; to discipline a ruler, often the control inspection, and consciously in the ideological red line to draw the row Ming Good accumulation is indeed the bottom line, so that the heart has fear, said to have quit, the line has ended. Attached: indifferent to heart, calmly to the table in our life, there are many unpredictable things will happen, some good, some bad things, we cannot control is powerless to stop, but with time, you will find in life sometimes turns out to be not good, some bad things finally turned out to be a good thing, but then we muddy however did not know, this is the life teach us things. 1, life can be complex, can also be simple. Want simple life of precipitation, to have enough time to reflect, to make Become more perfect. Life is the most important thing is not to win, but the struggle; not to have conquered, but to have fought well. 2, the plain is the background of life. Live a plain life, give up on themselves is not a coward, but the wise answers; not disillusioned after the heart, such as ashes, but experience the storm after the enlightenment; not unrewarding perfunctorily, but calm attitude of life of unrestrained self-confidence. Plain living, there is no noise noisy, no earthly troubles, more did not fill in the discontent of desire, some just a calm, a calm. 3, memory of heart will not good things to erase the, life is a When no movie, pain is a beginning, the struggle is a kind of process, death is a kind of ending. Give up this giving up is the helpless, do not give up the abandoned, do not give up this giving up is ignorance, do not give up should not give up is persistent. 4, a thing figured is heaven, think impassability is hell. Since the living, to live better. Sometimes we because of too narrow-minded, too care around the chores and penny wise and pound foolish, not worth the candle. Some things to attract trouble and worry, completely depends on how we look at and deal with it. Don't always take everything back to things, and don't get into a blind alley, don't want to face, don't be narrow-minded. Poke to care, is a kind of open-minded, a free and easy. 5, I am not afraid of others behind me a knife, I afraid to look back and see stab me, is my intention to treat people; I am not afraid of the truth to tell the best friend, I'm afraid he turned to it as a joke to tell don't 6, when we are in a positive frame of mind, you will find many good things; and when we are in a negative state of mind, you will find many depressed things; life happy and worry, all is you of life attitude, optimistic, good luck; loss of sink, Eritrea company. When you are in adversity, may wish to change a point of view to think everything over to the good Think, because good mentality decided the fate of the! 7, people are tired, rest; heart tired, calm. Grow up, mature, this society read. Tired and sad, squat down, to their a hug. Because the world no one can sympathize with you, have mercy on you. You cry, tears is your own; you pain, no one can understand. Then you only tears to smile. 8, each people have youth,
Each youth are a story, the life of the world never gets easier, I want what, wish the world all know, as has been the same; now want anything, for fear that others know, or like to lose the same. 9, the heart move, everything in the world is followed by birth, Rangrang, important thing is often the most difficult to open one's mouth, because words will reduce its importance; to let strangers people care about your life in the good things, the original is not easy 10, do not blame, do not laugh at who, also don't envy who. Like a person is a kind of feeling, not like a person is true. The truth is easy to explain, I feel Is unspeakable. The best travel life is that you in a strange place found a long lost touched. 11, happy life not in the bustling in, and in the peace of mind; no matter how many grievances, how uncomfortable, and ultimately to heal themselves or their own, others may got you to comfort, but never know your heart is how wanjianchuanxin. 12, ma'am, like a movie, learn to appreciate, learn to be grateful, learn tolerance, and goodness, helping others. Instead of accusing the society, as into one; and an exception is better to give than to what 13, don't envy him A sum of, don't lose your life and the life, respectively is: the former is a we experienced cannot escape in a day finally will last minute, while the latter is our persistent, we want to cherish the memory of those people and things. 14, learn to smile, learn to strong, the world you know so many people, so many people and you are, you cannot change also can't let everyone like you, so also do not want to do. Life is too short to go crazy to love to go to waste, to chase the dream to regret. 15, when temper, a blessing to go. A wounding elegant people, the key is to control their own emotions. With the mouth is the most stupid behavior. A control negative emotions than a can take a city more powerful water flow slow, language is expensive. People spent two years of time to learn to speak, but to spend a few years time to shut up. That is a kind of ability, that is a kind of wisdom. 16, life is not perfect, sometimes, growth is not a cry, not an eyeful of tears, there is no trace of emotion, there is no gleam of hope, no desire, no action, no static, there is only one kind of downward sinking feeling, sink A murky? 6? 7? 6? 7 sink? 6? 7? 6? 7 toward the bottom of the sink. 17, in some way, do not go, you will not know the other side scenery is beautiful. To you is not good, you do not mind too much, no one has an obligation to you; you learn knowledge, is you have weapons, you can start from scratch, but not unarmed; how do you treat people, does not represent how others treat you, if cannot see through this point, only inviting worry. 18, time is like a sponge in the water, as long as you are willing to squeeze, the total water is still there. Every life, after the ups and downs The best test of live, to life, survival and continuation, do not stop the struggle in the joys and sorrows of life on the road, so that different soul to bear life beat, acceptance of suffering. 19, indifferent to heart, calmly in table, elegant and comfortable life, do not take what is so important. The pursuit will be disappointed; to be alive, you will have trouble. Life is the most afraid of what all want to care about, but also what all grasp is not firm, without scenery, separated populations, such as not to desire, all docked in the fate of the end. Why is too rigid, the natural, to go stay not to live, let go of obsession, revel is 20, if the fate of the broken Hopes of sailing, please don't despair, the coast is still