初中英语定语从句.ppt

定语从句 1概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词 的句子.(Attributive clause)Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句21.The man is a farmer.2.The man is speaking at the meeting.合并句子:The man who is speaking at the meeting is a farmer.3Mary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并为一个句子Mary is a girl who has long hair.4先行词关系词定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when5 定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时,用which 或that引导.These are the trees which were planted last year.当先行词是人时,用who,whom,whose,that引导.6who,whom,whose,that用法区别.who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解作主语7Whom 作定语从句的宾语 The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解作宾语8whose 作定语从句的定语.I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定语9that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.注意:关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略.The woman(whom/that)they wanted to visit is a teacher.10下列情况只能用that1.当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时。eg.Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.2.当先行词是指物的 little,few,much,any,all,anything,something,nothing,none,the one,everything,等不定代词时。11eg.Everything we saw in the film was OK.eg.Everything we saw in the film was OK.eg.All that I can do has been done.eg.All that I can do has been done.3.3.当先行词被当先行词被all,little,few,much,any,every,noall,little,few,much,any,every,no等修等修饰时饰时 eg.I have eaten all the food that is left.eg.I have eaten all the food that is left.4.4.当先行词是当先行词是There be There be 句型中的主语且指物时。句型中的主语且指物时。eg.There is little work that is fit for you.eg.There is little work that is fit for you.没有什么工作适合你做。没有什么工作适合你做。125.当先行词同时包括人或物时。eg.We often talk about the people and the things that we are interested in.我们常常谈论我们感兴趣的人或事。6.当主句是who或which时。eg.Who is the girl that has black long hair?eg.Which is the pen that you bought?13卡盟平台 卡盟平台 Microsoft Office PowerPoint，是微软公司的演示文稿软件。用户可以在投影仪或者计算机上进行演示，也可以将演示文稿打印出来，制作成胶片，以便应用到更广泛的领域中。利用Microsoft Office PowerPoint不仅可以创建演示文稿，还可以在互联网上召开面对面会议、远程会议或在网上给观众展示演示文稿。Microsoft Office PowerPoint做出来的东西叫演示文稿，其格式后缀名为：ppt、pptx；或者也可以保存为：pdf、图片格式等147.当先行词作主句的表语时。eg.China is not the country that used to.中国不再是过去那样的国家。eg.Its a sunny day that we are longing for.这就是我们所渴望的晴天。8.当先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last等修饰时。15eg.This is the very beautiful girl that Im looking for.这正是我一直在寻找的漂亮女孩.eg.Thats the only thing that I can do now.eg.You are the last person that I meet here.你是我在这儿遇见的最后一个人。162024/4/16 2024/4/16 周二周二171.I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3.The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.2.Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.184.My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.5.The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.which/thatwhom6.Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.which/that197.Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town.8.All _ we can do is to study hard.9.The first one _ stands up is a little boy.thatthatthat201.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.This is the doctor who saved the boys life.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.The man who is running is my uncle.213.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.I like the music that I can sing along with.4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.The woman who lives next door is a teacher.22修饰物体时关系代词修饰物体时关系代词thatthat和和 whichwhich的区分的区分使用使用thatthat的情况：的情况：1 1、当先行词是、当先行词是nothing,something,anything,nothing,something,anything,all,eachall,each等不定代词时。等不定代词时。eg.Do you have anything that is important to eg.Do you have anything that is important to tell me?tell me?2 2、当先行词被、当先行词被all,any,some,no,not,every,all,any,some,no,not,every,eacheach等修饰时。等修饰时。eg.I have some books that are very good.eg.I have some books that are very good.3 3、当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。、当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。eg.This is the first book that I bought myself.eg.This is the first book that I bought myself.The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.234 4、当先行词被、当先行词被the very,the last,the next,the the very,the last,the next,the only only 等词修饰时。等词修饰时。eg.This is the very book that I lost yesterday.eg.This is the very book that I lost yesterday.5 5、当先行词又有人又有物时、当先行词又有人又有物时。eg.I woneg.I wont forget the things and the persons t forget the things and the persons that I saw.that I saw.只能使用只能使用whichwhich的情况。的情况。1 1、非限制性定语从句中、非限制性定语从句中。eg.Mary has a book,which is very precious.eg.Mary has a book,which is very precious.2 2、在介词之后、在介词之后。eg.This is a house in which lives an old man.eg.This is a house in which lives an old man.3 3、当主句中的主语被、当主句中的主语被thatthat修饰时修饰时。eg.That dog which I found in the street eg.That dog which I found in the street belongs to Mary.belongs to Mary.24修饰人时关系代词修饰人时关系代词that that 和和who,whomwho,whom的区分的区分。当主句中的主语是当主句中的主语是whowho时，只能用时，只能用thatthat。eg.Who is the girl that is standing over there?eg.Who is the girl that is standing over there?在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用who who 或者或者whomwhom。eg.I have a son,who is really lovely and eg.I have a son,who is really lovely and interesting.interesting.There are 40 students in the class,most of There are 40 students in the class,most of whom are boys.whom are boys.关系代词关系代词whosewhose既能修饰人，也能修饰物，在定语既能修饰人，也能修饰物，在定语从句中充当定语，修饰先行词从句中充当定语，修饰先行词。eg.She is the girl whose English sounds very eg.She is the girl whose English sounds very beautiful.beautiful.Mary has a very good dog,whose hair turns Mary has a very good dog,whose hair turns out white and black.out white and black.25关系副词关系副词when,where,whywhen,where,why的用法以及与关系代的用法以及与关系代词的区分。词的区分。关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语，当一个句关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语，当一个句子能够完整地表达一个意思时，我们就可以给这个子能够完整地表达一个意思时，我们就可以给这个句子加上特定的关系副词句子加上特定的关系副词。eg.I woneg.I wont forget the time when I got married.t forget the time when I got married.Have you still remember the days when we Have you still remember the days when we stayed together?stayed together?This is the place where we had a good time.This is the place where we had a good time.Is this the house where Mr Smith lives?Is this the house where Mr Smith lives?I donI dont know the reason why he wont know the reason why he wont join t join us.us.Do you know the reason why he didnDo you know the reason why he didnt come t come to sweep the classroom?to sweep the classroom?26关系副词关系副词when,wherewhen,where和关系代词和关系代词that,whichthat,which的区的区分。同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用分。同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用wherewhere，有时，有时使用使用that/whichthat/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用whenwhen，有时使用有时使用that/whichthat/which。这主要看两点：一。这主要看两点：一是定语从句是否完整；二是定语从句中的谓语动词是定语从句是否完整；二是定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词。请比较以下句子是否是一个及物动词。请比较以下句子：This is the park that we visited last year.This is the park that we visited last year.This is the park where we held a birthday party.This is the park where we held a birthday party.She wonShe wont forget the days that she spent on t forget the days that she spent on the island.the island.She wonShe wont forget the days when they stayed t forget the days when they stayed together.together.ThatThats the date when we went to the college.s the date when we went to the college.ThatThats the date that she wons the date that she wont forget for t forget for ever.ever.I like the time when we lived together.I like the time when we lived together.I like the time that we had together.I like the time that we had together.27关系副词关系副词when,where,why when,where,why 和介词和介词+which+which之间的之间的关系。关系副词关系。关系副词when,where,whywhen,where,why可以用适当的介可以用适当的介词词+which+which来替代。如：来替代。如：when=in/on/atwhen=in/on/at+which,+which,where=in/on/atwhere=in/on/at+which,why=for+which+which,why=for+which介词介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。在动词之后。eg.1.I woneg.1.I wont forget the date when(on which)t forget the date when(on which)I was born.I was born.2.This is the room where(in which)I lived.=2.This is the room where(in which)I lived.=This is the room which I lived in.This is the room which I lived in.3.I don3.I dont know the reason why(for which)he t know the reason why(for which)he havenhavent come today.t come today.4.Tom still remembers the days when(in 4.Tom still remembers the days when(in which)they lived in Tianjin.which)they lived in Tianjin.28Consolidation exercisesConsolidation exercises.Fill in the blanks with suitable relative pronouns.Fill in the blanks with suitable relative pronouns.1.This is the only book _ I got last year.1.This is the only book _ I got last year.2.Is this the book in _ you are interested?2.Is this the book in _ you are interested?3.This is the largest animal _ Tom saw in the zoo.3.This is the largest animal _ Tom saw in the zoo.4.Rose still remembers the trees and teachers_ exist 4.Rose still remembers the trees and teachers_ exist(存在存在)in the mother school.)in the mother school.5.All the desks _ are bought look really wonderful.5.All the desks _ are bought look really wonderful.6.Do you have any money _is used to build the 6.Do you have any money _is used to build the factory?factory?7.Tom has a toy,_ was given by his father.7.Tom has a toy,_ was given by his father.8.This is the second watch _ my father bought for 8.This is the second watch _ my father bought for me.me.29Exercises:Exercises:Fill in the blanks with appropriate relative Fill in the blanks with appropriate relative pronouns and adverbs.pronouns and adverbs.1.Is this the room _ 1.Is this the room _ you cleaned last time?you cleaned last time?2.Is this the room _ we lived before?2.Is this the room _ we lived before?3.This is the garden _ they stayed for a 3.This is the garden _ they stayed for a night.night.4.This is the garden _ they visited last time.4.This is the garden _ they visited last time.5.Tom has forgotten the day _ he left his 5.Tom has forgotten the day _ he left his home.home.6.Tom has forgotten the day _ I told him 6.Tom has forgotten the day _ I told him last day.last day.7.She still remembers the year _ she found 7.She still remembers the year _ she found her first job.her first job.8.She still remembers the year _ she spent 8.She still remembers the year _ she spent in Jining.in Jining.thatwherewherethatwhenthatwhenthat30Exercises:Exercises:Fill in the blanks with appropriate relative Fill in the blanks with appropriate relative pronouns and adverbs.pronouns and adverbs.1.Is this the room _ 1.Is this the room _ you cleaned last time?you cleaned last time?2.Is this the room _ we lived before?2.Is this the room _ we lived before?3.This is the garden _ they stayed for a 3.This is the garden _ they stayed for a night.night.4.This is the garden _ they visited last time.4.This is the garden _ they visited last time.5.Tom has forgotten the day _ he left his 5.Tom has forgotten the day _ he left his home.home.6.Tom has forgotten the day _ I told him 6.Tom has forgotten the day _ I told him last day.last day.7.She still remembers the year _ she found 7.She still remembers the year _ she found her first job.her first job.8.She still remembers the year _ she spent 8.She still remembers the year _ she spent in Jining.in Jining.thatwherewherethatwhenthatwhenthat31Comprehensive exercises.Comprehensive exercises.Fill in the blanks with the suitable relative pronouns or Fill in the blanks with the suitable relative pronouns or the relative adverbs.the relative adverbs.1.Is this the room _ we spent our childhood?1.Is this the room _ we spent our childhood?2.This dictionary is the second one _ I bought in 2.This dictionary is the second one _ I bought in the shop.the shop.3.I still remember the date _ I went to Nanjing for 3.I still remember the date _ I went to Nanjing for the first time.the first time.4.Tom is thinking about the grass and the persons 4.Tom is thinking about the grass and the persons _ he saw in the yard._ he saw in the yard.5.There are 100 old men in the street,some of _ are 5.There are 100 old men in the street,some of _ are drinking tea.drinking tea.6.Do you know the days _ you spent on English?6.Do you know the days _ you spent on English?7.All the books _are on the shelf belong to Mary.7.All the books _are on the shelf belong to Mary.8.Are you satisfied with the park _ you visited last 8.Are you satisfied with the park _ you visited last time?time?9._ we all know,the building will soon be 9._ we all know,the building will soon be destroyed.destroyed.10.I have the same book _ she has.10.I have the same book _ she has.32332024/4/16 2024/4/16 周二周二34