人教版高一英语必修3UNIT2知识点详解练习.doc

荷香书苑王老师高一英语必修三
UNIT 2 Healthy Eating

Grammar:
1.Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.
1)feeling very frustrated 现在分词在句中作伴随状语
eg.She sat on the chair reading a newspaper.(表伴随)
Walking in the street, she met her old friend.(表时间)
Seeing no body at home , she decided to eat outside.(表原因)
The child fell, striking his head against the ground.(表结果)
He thought of his mutton kebabs, fatty pork cooked in the hottest, finest oil.
过去分词短语作后置定语，表被动。= which were cooked in the hottest oil.
2) feel frustrated at/with......因....而懊恼，对....感到沮丧
frustrated 修饰sb. frustrating修饰sth

2. His restaurant ought to be full of people.
1) ought to
to show a moral duty 表示一种道义上的责任，应该
Eg.She ought to look after her child better.
表示劝告或建议
This dish is delicious. You ought to try some.
表示期望或可能发生的事
Children ought to be able to read by the age of 7.
表示推测，表示较大的可能性
That ought to be enough food for the four of us.
ought to have done 表示本应该…，而却没有…
Eg.You ought to have come yesterday.
2) be full of =be filled with/be crowded with
He looks so upset; I ____________him the bad news so early.
A. should have told B.should tell C.oughtn’t to have told D.shouldn’t tell
3.He thought of his mutton kebabs, fatty pork cooked in the hottest, finest oil.
过去分词短语作后置定语，表被动。 = which were cooked in the hottest oil.
Eg.The flowers picked by him are very beautiful.
4. Nothing could have been better.
比较级与否定词连用表示最高级。= All his food could have been the best.
Eg.I have never seen a better film.
常用的否定词：no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly
意义：再也没有比.....更.....的了。
表示最高级的其他表达方式：
主语+谓语+比较级+than+any other+单数名词+比较范围（比较对象属于一个比较范围)
主语+谓语+比较级+than+any +单数名词+比较范围（比较对象不属于一个比较范围)
(2013浙江高考)I ___________ myself more---it was a perfect day.
A. shouldn’t have enjoyed B.needn’t have enjoyed
C.wouldn’t have enjoyed D.couldn’t have enjoyed
(2011全国高考) Mr. Stevenson is great to work for---I really couldn't ask for a __________ (good) boss.
(2012天津高考)---You have to believe in yourself. No one else will, if you don’t.
----____________________________(我再同意不过了). Confidence is really important.
5. Tired of all that fat? Want to lose weight?
1) tired of 厌烦的 He is tired of doing the same thing all year round.
tired out 筋疲力尽 I was tired out when I finally reach the top of the mountain.
tired from 因…而疲倦 I was very tied from running fast.
2) lose weight weight n.-weigh v.称重....，衡量
put on weight=gain weight 增加体重
control one’s weight 控制体重
by weight 按重量计算
中译英
玛丽去年体重增加了，但是现在她已经通过运动成功减肥了。

6. What will happen to you if you don’t eat a balanced diet?
1) diet n&v. 日常饮食，节食
go on a diet=be on a diet 节食 a balanced/healthy diet均衡的/健康的饮食
辨析diet/food
diet:日常饮食，特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物
food:凡是能吃、喝的及具有营养的东西
It is obvious that____________________________(健康的饮食对我们身体有好处)
In the past, many people __________ for lack of___________(因食物不足而饿死)
2) balance adj.均衡的 n.平衡的 v.平衡，权衡
keep....in balance 保持平衡 out of balance不平衡
break one’s balance打破平衡 lose one’s balance 失去平衡
in the balance 前途不明朗，未定，悬而未决
(2015湖北高考)when he was running after his brother, the boy_________ ___________
__________ and had a bad fall.(失去平衡)
(2012天津高考)You are working too hard. You’d better keep a __________ between work and relaxation.
A. promise B.lead C.balance D.diary
7. Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside.
curiosity n.好奇心，求知欲-curious adj. 好奇的，稀奇- curiously adv.
have curiosity to do sth 有做某事的决心
show curiosity about sth 对某事表现出好奇
satisfy one’s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心
with curiosity 好奇地
out of curiosity 出于好奇
be curious about...对....好奇
(2010天津高考) People have always been___________(curiosity) about exactly how life on earth began.
8. He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies.
1) have sb. doing sth 让某人一直做某事，听任/容忍某人做某事
辨析have sb. do / have sb. doing/ have sth done
have sb. do 使，让某人做某事
have sb. doing 听任/容忍某人做某事，多用于否定句，不能让，不能容忍
have sth done 让某人做某事，让某事被做
(2012四川高考) Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car__________.
A. washed B.wash C.washing D.to wash
2)get away with sth./doing sth.
a)不因某事而受惩罚。I won’t have you getting away with cheating in the exam.
b)偷携某物潜逃。The robbers robbed the bank and got away with a lot of money.
c)收到较轻的惩罚。He was so lucky to get away with a fine for such a serious mistake.
get away 逃脱，离开 get across 使人了解，表达清楚
get along/on with 进展，与....相处 get down to doing sth 开始/着手做某事
get over 恢复、克服 get through 通过、完成
get rid of 摆脱, 除掉
3) lie 谎言，说谎 tell a lie=tell lies
辨析lie /lay
lie vi. 撒谎，躺，位于 lie-lied-lied lie-lay-lain
lay vt. 放置 lay-laid-laid
9. Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back.
1) discount n.折扣
offer/give sb. a discount (on sth.) 给...打折
with/at a discount 打折
for sale bargain discount a real bargain
待售 讨价还价 打折 一件便宜货
2) win...back 赢回，重新获得 win or lose 不论成败，无论胜负
中译英
他正在努力工作，想赢回他的声誉。

10. The weakness of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was that it did not give enough protective food.
weakness n.弱点，缺点，不足 weak adj. weaken v.减弱，使变虚弱
辨析：weakness, fault, mistake
Weakness: 弱点或不足之处
Fault: 做事不完美，个人习惯上的毛病、错误等
Mistake: 学习、认知、判断、计算、决定等的错误
In my opinion, one should know his strengths and______________ clearly.
One learns a language by making ____________ correcting them.
(2015湖南高考)It’s your________ to make such a_________. His father said to him.
A. mistake, fault B.fault, weakness C.fault, mistake D.mistake, weakness
11. The strength of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was that it provided plenty of energy-giving food.
strength n.优点，长处，优势，力量，力气 strong adj.有力气的，强壮的
strengthen v. 加强、增强、巩固
strong-strength-strengthen long-length-lengthen
high-height-heighten deep-depth-deepen
辨析：strength, energy, force, power
strength:力量，体力，精神力量
energy:人的精力，工作、活动的能力，自然界的能量等
force:物理意义上的力，为指某事而使用的力量，常指武力
power:人或机器的功能、职位、权力或政权
(2011天津高考)the days are gone when physical______________(strong) was all you needed to make a living.
(2012福建高考)Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency? Well, you know, English is my ___________. So it is my best choice.
A. strength B.talent C.ability D.skill
12. However, as she was so afraid of being laughed at by her friends, she did not consult a doctor.
consult v. 咨询，请教，查阅，商议，商量
consult sb. about sth 就某事向某人咨询
consult (with) sb. about/on sth 与某人就某事商议
consult a dictionary/a teacher 查阅词典、请教老师
consult with a friend 和朋友商议
(2014陕西高考) To work out the difficult maths problem, I have ___________(咨询) Professor Russell several times.
(2010江苏高考) I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in vain.(失败). Why not___________ __________(与....商议)Frank? You see, two heads are better than one.
(2015天津高考) If you have any doubts about your health, you’d better __________ your doctor at once.
A. convince B.consult C.avoid D.affect
13.Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant.
earn one’s living by… =live by…=make a living by…靠…谋生
earn one’s own living 自食其力 earn money=make money 挣钱
earn salary/income 挣工资/收入 earn respect 赢得尊敬
(2011辽宁高考) You are old enough to __________ your own living.
A. win B.gain C.take D.earn
14. He didn’t look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.
1) be in debt 欠债 be out of debt 还清债务
be in sb.’s debt 欠某人人情 get/fall/run into debt 负债
Pay for the debt 偿还债务 pay off the debt 偿清债务

2) no longer=not ...any longer 不再
辨析 no more/no longer
no more表示数量上或程度上“不再”
no longer 表示时间上“不再”延续
He is no more a student. He is no longer young.
no more...than/not more...than
no more...than ......和......一样不（两者都否定）
not more...than 不如...(前者不如后者)
Xiao Li is no more diligent than John.小李不勤奋，约翰也不勤奋。)
14. She didn’t look happy but glared at him.
glare at 怒视，带有敌意
辨析：glare at/glance at/stare at
glare at 怒目而视，由于生气而瞪着眼看
glance at 扫视，一瞥，粗略地看
stare at 张大眼睛死死地盯着，由于好奇、无礼或傲慢而长时间地看
15. I thought you were a new customer and now I know that you only came to spy on me and my menu.
spy (v/n) 监视，侦查，看见 n. 间谍
1) 暗中监视；侦查。 It is impolite to spy into other people’s windows.
2) 看见，发现。 He suddenly spied an old friend in the supermarket.
spy on 暗中监视，侦查 spy out 暗中查明
16. I don’t want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.
1)limited adj.有限的 limit v.限制，限定，限量 n.限度，限额
within limits 在某种程度上，有一定限制
beyond the limit 超过限度 without limit 无限制地
to the limit of ....达到....的限度 set a limit to 设定...的限度
the speed limit 车速限制 limit ....to把...限制在....
limit sb. to (doing) sth 限制某人做某事
2) benefit n.好处，利益 v.有益于，有助于，获益
be benefit to=be beneficial to....对....有好处
for the benefit of=for one’s benefit 为了....的利益
benefit from/by .... 从....中获益
for the good of sb.=in the interest of sb. 为了某人的利益
(2011湖北高考) Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also ___________ our thinking.
A. direct B.limit C.change D.improve
(2012福建高考) China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals__________ all its citizens.
A. in charge of B.for the purpose of C.in honor of D.for the benefits of
17. Perhaps we ought to combine our ides and provide a balanced menu with food full of energy and fiber.
combine v. 和....结合起来 combine....with 和....结合起来
辨析combine, connect, join, link
Combine:结合，组合，把2个或2个以上的人或物混合起来，成为不可分割的一体。
Connect:连接，联系。强调通过第三者把双方连接，联系起来connect...with/to
Join: 接合，连接。侧重把原来不相连的物体紧密地连接在一起 join.....to
Link: 连接式的连接。用接合物或其他方式连接link A with/to B
(2010福建高考)In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well. I can’t agree more. It’s great to have the two__________.
A. linked B.related C.connected D.combined
18. In this way, they cut down the fat and increased the fiber in the meal.
cut down 削减，缩小，砍倒
cut across 走捷径 cut in 插话
cut through 穿过 cut away 切除
cut off 中止，切断 cut out 删除
cut up 切碎
(2013陕西高考) My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking, but at least he has _________.
A. cut out B.cut down C.cut up D.cut off
19. Their balanced diets became such a success that before long Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put on more weight.
1) success n.成功的人或事 胜利，成名，发财
Failure is the mother of success.
2) before long 不久以后，一会儿
辨析：before long/long before
before long=soon,与一般将来时或一般过去时连用
long before 在....之前很久，在....之前早就 it was not long before.....不久就....
it will not be long before 不久就会.......
巧记：long 在前，很久前；long在后，不久后
It was long before 过了很久才......
It was not long before.....没过多久就.....
It will be long before....要过很久才会
It will be not long before.....要不了多久就会......
(2010陕西高考)John thinks it won’t be long____________ he is ready for his new job.
A. when B.after C.before D.since
20. Only slimming foods served here.
serve v. 充当..... serve sth. to sb. serve-service-servant
if my memory serves me 如果我没记错的话
serve at table 当侍者 serve one's time 任期内任职
serve someone right 罪有应得；活该 serve one's/its turn 有用；起作用
We are_________ people and we should __________ the people heart and soul.
A. servants of, serve B.service for, serve C.servants of, serve for D.servants of, serve of
21. It cost more than a good meal in his restaurant!
more than 比....多，超过=over
more than+adj./adv.=very much 非常
more than+n.不只是
more than a little 非常
nothing more than 不过是，无非是
no more than 仅仅，只不过
no more....than....与.....一样不
more....than....与其说....，倒不如说.....
22. Yong Hui agreed to stay and soon they were both enjoying the dumplings, fatty pork and cola.
1) agree to (do) sth. 表示“同意某事或某建议”，后只能跟表“提议，计划，方案，打算，安排” Eg.He agreed to their proposal.
agree with sb. 同意某人
Eg.I agree with every word you said.
agree on sth. 表示在某事上取得一致的意见
Eg.They agreed on a date for the next meeting.
2) both....and ....不但....而且..... either....or....或者....或者 neither....nor...既不....也不.
23. But don’t you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner?
虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用过去式（be用were），而主句的谓语动词用would(should, could ,might)+动词原形。例如：
If I were you, I should study English better.
24. whether and if 的区别：
1) 用于动词之后, 引导宾语从句时可以互换。
2) if 不可以和 or not 直接连用而 whether可以。
3) whether to do eg. I don't know whether to answer it.
4) whether 可引导同位语、表语从句。
5) whether 可以放在句首引导主语从句而if 不可以。
25. only to do sth. 表示一个与主语愿望相反的或出乎主语预料的结果,或用来暗示最初的未能实现的动作。
Eg. For nearly three hours we waited for the decision, only to be told to come again the next day.
only doing sth.表示谓语动词本身的动作造成的结果。
Eg. He died, only leaving nothing but debts.

语法练习
(2015浙江高考)It was so noisy that we__________ hear ourselves speak.
A. couldn’t B.shouldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t
(2015天津高考)I _________ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.
A. mightn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.couldn’t
(2013全国高考) Since nobody gave him help, he________ have done the research on his own.
A. can B.must C.would D.need
(2013陕西高考)The children__________ lost in the woods;otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.
A. must have got B.must get C.should have got D.should get
(2013四川高考) Why are your eyes so red? You _________have slept well last night.
Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.
A. can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.won’t
(2013辽宁高考)Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He __________ too much at the party last night.
A. could drink B.should drink C.would have drunk D.must have drunk
(2013浙江高考) I __________ myself more----it was a perfect day.
A. shouldn’t have enjoyed B.needn’t have enjoyed
C.wouldn’t have enjoyed D.couldn’t have enjoyed
(2012重庆高考)________ you interrupt now? Can’t you see I’m on the phone?
Sorry Sir, but it’s urgent.
A.Can B.Should C.Must D.Would
(2012全国高考) I _______ use a clock to wake me up because at six o’clock each morning the train comes by my houses.
A. couldn’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
(2010湖南高考)You _________ buy a gift, but you can if you want to.
A. must B.mustn’t C.have to D.don’t have to
(2014重庆高考)I’ve ordered some pizza, so we _________ worry about cooking when we get home tired.
A. can’t B.dare not C.needn’t D.may not
(2010天津高考) Mark__________ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.
A. needn’t B.wouldn’t C.mustn’t D.couldn’t
用正确的情态动词填空
1. When we are cooking with a gas fire, we __________(can / must) keep the window open.
2. Mr. Joseph has stayed in the US for several years. He__________(may / can) speak English quite well.
3. Jack’s ill, so they __________ (must / have to) change their plans.
4. It __________ (can't / mustn't) be Miss Gao. I know she has gone to Beijing.
5. You say you __________ not do it but I say you ____________ (shall / will)
一、词组翻译