人教版八年级上册英语unit3知识点及习题.doc

Unit3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.
一、 重点短语
1 . more outgoing        更外向    2. As…as…           与…一样…  
3. the singing competition  唱歌比赛 4. be similar to     与…相像的/类似的  
5. the same as 和…相同；与…一致   6. be different from         与…不同  
7. care about   关心；介意     8. be like a mirror    像一面镜子   
9. the most important 最重要的    10. as long as    只要；既然     
11. bring out  使显现；使表现出      12. get better grades      取得更好的成绩  
13. reach for 伸手取        14. in fact  事实上；实际上     
15. make friends  交朋友      16. the other   其他的 
17. touch one’s heart  感动某人   18. be talented in music  有音乐天赋 
19. be good at   擅长…     20. be good with  善于与…相处   
21.  have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的乐趣   22. be good at doing sth   擅长做某事    
23. make sb. do sth.   让某人做某事  24. want to do sth.       想要做某事     
25. as+adj./adv.的原级+as   与…一样…
26. It’s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth.    对某人来说，做某事……的。
二、重点句子
1.He has shorter hair than Sam. 他的头发比萨姆的短。
1）比较级，表示“较……”或“更……”的意思（两者之间进行比较）,
标志词than, A or B, of the two,
修饰词much,a lot, a little，even；
注意：进行比较的人和物必须是同一类。
His hair is shorter than Sam’s. 他的头发比萨姆的短。
This book is more interesting than that one.这本书比那本书有趣。
2)“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……” 。
It’s getting better and better.
‚多音节比较级用“more and more＋形容词原级”形式。意为越来越….如：
The group became more and more popular.
ƒthe+比较级，the+比较级，意为越…越…
The more I read the book，the more I liked it． 这本书我越看越喜欢。
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级规则变化：
l 规则变化
①一般在词尾加-er或-est high- higher- highest short- shorter- shortest
②以字母e词尾的词，加-r或-st late- later- latest fine- finer- finest
③重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-est
Hot- hotter- hottest thin- thinner- thinnest fat- fatter- fattest
④以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把“y”改为“i”，再加-er或-est
Funny- funnier- funniest easy- easier- easiest early-earlier-earliest
⑤在词前加more或most beautiful-more beautiful – most beautiful
Outgoing- more outgoing – most outgoing athletic- more athletic – most athletic
l 不规则变化
good/well- better-best bad/badly-worse-worst
many/much-more-most little-less-least
far -farther(更远)-farthest(最远)
-further(更深远)-furthest(最深远)
2. 反意疑问句
　 ①肯定陈述句＋否定提问　如：Lily is a student, isn’t she?
Lily will go to China, won’t she?
②否定陈述句＋肯定提问 如：She doesn’t come from China, does she?
You haven’t finished homework, have you?
　　③提问部分用代词而不用名词如：Lily is a student, isn’t she?
　　④陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定式。
如：He knows little English, does he?　他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？ They hardly understood it, did they? 他们几乎不明白，不是吗？
3.be similar to...意为“与......相似”。(注意与 be the same as 区别)如：
My pen is similar to yours. 我的钢笔和你的相似。
4. Tara works as hard as Tina. 塔拉学习跟蒂娜一样努力。
1）...not as + 形容词或副词原级+ as...表示双方在某个方面不同。如：
His English is not as good as hers. 他英语不如她的好。
He doesn’t work as hard as his brother. 他没有他哥哥工作努力。
2）as + 形容词或副词原级+ as 表示双方在某个方面一样。如：
She is as tall as me. 她跟我一样高。
I run as fast as he does. 我跑得跟他一样快。
5. 辨析beat/win
相同点：都是动词，表示“赢”
不同：beat+人/win+比赛，竞赛，战争等名词。 如：
We played very well, and beat them. 我们发挥得很好，击败了他们。
They won the match this time. 这次他们赢了这场比赛。
6. care about意为“关心；在意”，期中care是动词 如：
We should care about the old people.我们应该关心老年人。
care for表示“喜欢”，“关心”之意，后接名词或v-ing形式作宾语，take care of也有这个意思。
He cared nothing for skating. 他对滑冰没有兴趣。
In our class, we care for each other. 在我们班上，我们相互关心。
Maria takes good care of everybody. 玛丽亚很关心大家。
【友情链接】care for还可以表示“照顾”，“照料”，相当于take care of或look after。
At night he fed and cared for the cattle. 夜里他照料牲口，给牲口喂食。
You must care for yourselves.
=You must look after yourselves. 你们要照顾好自己。
The children are well cared for in the nurseries.
=The children are taken good care of in the nurseries.
孩子们在托儿所受到很好的照顾。
7.I think a good friend makes me laugh.我认为好朋友能使我开心。
牢记：make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
make+宾语+形容词 使某人/某事怎样 如：
Our teacher makes us work ten hours a day 我们老师让我们一天学习10个小时。His words make us happy. 他的话使我们感到很高兴。
8.laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人） 如：Don’t laugh at me! 不要取笑我!
9. They’re both tall. 他们两个都是高个子。
both adj./pron./adv. 两个都……
用在be 动词后，行为动词前。 You are both too young./They both speak English.
Both of …..+名词复数（复数谓语） Both of the flowers are beautiful.
两朵花都很漂亮。
both…and…两者都……（复数谓语） 反义词组：neither…nor…两者都不……（谓语单复数按照就近原则）
【友情链接】 both 与 all
both 指代两者； all指代三者或三者以上 如：
My parents are both fine。 我父母都好。
We are all here。 我们都在这儿。
10. be like意为“像”，这里的like是介词。如：
She is like her mother 。 她长得像他妈妈。
like 做动词，意为“喜欢”，构成短语
like sth./ sb. 喜欢某物/某人
like to do sth. 喜欢做某事 如：I like to have friends who are like me.
我喜欢交像我一样的朋友。
like diong sth.

11. need 是动词，需要。

need sth.需要…… Plant needs water。
need to do sth. 需要做…… You didn’t need to tell him the news，
it just made him sad
need doing sth.=need to be done 需要被怎么样 Flowers need watering。
【拓展】need作情态动词时，后面+动词原形，意思是必要，必须。这时need多用于疑问句，否定句或条件状语从句中。如：
You needn’t talk so loud. 你不必这么大声说话。
11. As long as 只要；既然。如：You don’t need a lot of friends as long as they’re good.
你不需要很多朋友，只要他们好就可以了。
12.It’s not necessary to be the same.完全一样是没有必要的。
It’s+adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth. It是形式主语，to do sth.是真正主语。意为“某人做某事怎么样”如：It is easy for me to make friends. 我交朋友很容易。
13.My friend is the same as me.我的朋友和我一样。
be the same as… “和……一样”。反义词组：be different from…“ 与.......不同的” 如：My bike is different from yours.= My bike is not the same as yours.
我的系行车和你的不一样。
14. serious 意为“严肃的；认真的；严重的”
be serious about sth. 如：
He was serious about the matter. 他对那件事很认真。
be serious with sb. 如：
There’s nothing much serious with you. 对你来说没那么严重。
15. touch one’s heart 感动某人
16. be talented in music 有音乐天赋
17. However 意为“然而；但是”，表示转折关系，与but意义相同，但but一般位
于句首，而however比较正式，可位于句首、句中或句末，且常用都好隔开。
如：You didn’t finish your homework. You can, however, do it now.
你还没有完成家庭作业，但是现在你可以写了。
18. hard-working意为“努力的”其比较级为 more hard-working 意为“更努力”，
less hard-working 意为“不努力”。
选择填空
( )1.She is talented music but I am good sports.
A.in, at B.at,in C.at,at D.in,in
( )2. Li Hua’s shoes are as _______ as Zhang Hui’s.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. the cheaper
( )3.Are you relaxing yourself here ? —Yes. It is _____to walk slowly along the river.
A. fantastic B. boring C. Bad D. terrible
( )4.It’s very important for him me laugh.
A.to make B.making C.makes D.made
( )5. _________you don’t give up(放弃)，your dreams will come true.
A. As long as B. As soon as C. As well as D.As often as
( )6.She is similar her mother.
A.to B.with C.of D.in
( )7.I don’t really care if my friends are the same me or different me.
A.as,as B.from,from C.as,from D.from,as
( )8.If you want to be a student helper,please call him 443—5667.
A.at B.in C.of D.on
( )9.This is my friend. He is less outgoing than I am.
A.much B.much more C.more D.very
( )10.Mr Bean enjoys jokes and often makes us .
A.to tell,to laugh B.tells,laugh C.telling,laugh D.telling,laughing
( )11.Tara and her sister quiet and they sports.
A.are both,both like B.are both, like both
C.both are, both like D.both are,like both
( )12.If you want to be a student helper, you must be good children.
A.at B.with C.for D.in
( )13. he is very young, he can do many things.
A.Though,but B.Though,/ C./,though D.But,though
( )14.Tom can play drums,but Sam can play tennis.
A.the,the B.the,/ C./,the D./,/
( )15.Lily’s books are new than .
A.we B.us C.our D.ours
( )16. —Have you seen the funny movie Let the Bullet Fly?
—Yes，it made me ___________ many times.
A.laugh B. cry C. Sleep D. sing
( )17. It’s important _________ us _________ _English well.
A. of; learning B. for; to learn C. Of; to learn D.or; learning
( )18. Betty and Mary are in _________ school，but they are in __________ Classes.
A. same;different B. same;the different
C. the same; the different D. the same;different
( )19.—Let’s go shopping at the new mall. —Why not shop online? It’s ____.
A. expensive B. more expensive C. Less expensive D. less cheapest
( )20. Now, some robots(机器人) are ____________ to do the same things ______ people. .
A. enough smart;as B. enough smart;for
C, smart enough;as D: smart enough;with
( )21. He is__________ outgoing student long hair..
A. a,with, B.an,with C.a,of D.an,of
( )22. The fantastic music made the students______relaxed.
A. feel B. feels C. felt D, to feel
( )23. Someone says“ Time is money. “But I think time is_________ important than Money.
A. least B. Much C. even more D. much least
( )24. My friend likes singing and talking with others. But I often stay at home to watch TV. So my friend is________ than me.
A. quieter B. more serious C. more outgoing D. more wilder
( )25,The girl shorter hair is Lisa.
A.has B.have C.with D.and
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