高考英语专题名词.doc

名词 高考常考点
高考对名词考查方式：
1. 词性的混淆： a various of (改错)
2. 可数名词与不可数名词的考察 Maybe the following advices can help you.(改错)
3. 单复数问题I threw my arm around him to give him a hug.(改错)
4. 固定短语搭配 ________(prepare) are being made for the President’s visit.
解题步骤
一、 判断是否填名词
1. 前有形容词性物主代词、冠词、形容词等定语
His words brought back our _________(encourage)
They didn’t realize that the ________ (compete) was getting stronger.
The lecture is about how to make smart ________(decide) on money.
For most of us, the _____(change) are gradual.
My ______(listen) were waiting patiently without rushing me.
2. 看成分：空格处做主语或者宾语（动宾或介宾）
I haven’t seen Sara since she was a girl, and she has changed beyond ________(recognize)
The teacher’s good ________(suggest) are helpful to build our ________(confident).
I’ve become an adult and have more _______(responsible).
Can I ask you for ____(advise) on a certain problem?
Polar bears depend on the sea ice for _______(survive).
二、 判断单复数
1. 复数名词的提示词 several many/ a good many a number of few different various a series of a range of a couple of a variety of 数词1以上 one of+ 复数N.
复数谓语动词 则主语为复数
2. 固定短语搭配
道歉 _____________=___________ 做准备_____________
收支相抵；量入为出_______________ 朝四面八方___________
突然大哭起来_______________ 依据；按照；就...而言__________
成为废墟____________ 情绪高涨_____________ 轮流做某事___________
尽力；刻苦做某事______________ 作调整；做校正__________拍照___________
优缺点________________/_______________努力做某事_________________
交朋友______________犯错误__________ 采取措施___________________
3. 常以复数出现的名词
Trousers clothes goods glasses gloves scissors findings 研究结果
Belongings possessions surroundings greetings feelings tears wishes regards
Thanks twins conditions (环境) instructions facilities (设备；设施) manners (礼貌；礼仪)
Arms （武器） times (时代) customs (海关) means（方式方法） works (工厂) crossroads
congratulations
4. 本身代表复数的名词 people; police;cattle; staff
5. 单复数同形的名词： sheep deer means series species works crossroads Chinese Japanese
6. 常见的不可数名词：建议______ 行李______/______ 零钱______ 家具_______
家庭作业________ 家务________ 知识_________ 信息______ 新闻______ 进步_______
设备________ 经验________ 乐趣、有意思的事______ 力气______ 人类_______ 工作____
风景________ 证据_________ 健康_______纸______ (指论文/试卷/研究 则可数) 天气____
7. 常考复合名词
Son-in-law → pl._________ passer-by → pl._________ grown-up → pl._________
Place of interest → pl._________ story-teller → pl._________ looker-on → pl._________
Woman teacher → pl._________ man doctor → pl._________ shoe-maker → pl._________
8. 几个特殊名词
Fish ① 指鱼的种类 可数 复数形式+es I keep five fishes in the fishbowl.
② 指条数 可数 单复数同形 we caught two fish.
③指鱼肉 不可数 You usually drink white wine with raw fish.
Food 泛指食物 不可数 I bought some food. Enjoy your food.
具体指食物种类 可数 sea foods health foods (保健食品） there are all kinds of foods on the table.
Fruit 泛指水果 不可数 Do you like fruit?
指不同种类的水果或事情的结果 则用复数 fruits
the fruits of hard work I like to eat bananas, apples, pears and other fruits.
Wood 指木头；木材 不可数 加S指树林；森林

三、 名词的修饰语
1. 修饰单数名词 many a/ more than one + N 单数 谓语动词 单数
Many an expert __________(invite)
2 只修饰复数名词 few/ a few/ quite a few (相当多的)
Many/ a good(great) many a number of a couple of several
He has learned a good many of lessons during the trip that won’t be taught in school. (改错)
3. 只修饰不可数名词 little/ a little a bit of much a great deal of
a large amount of (large ) amounts of
A large amount of fat ________(take) in everyday.
Amounts of waste __________(produce) every year.
That’s a bit of odd.(改错) I may need a bit help.(改错)
4 既修饰可数名词复数 又修饰不可数名词
Some a lot of/lots of plenty of enough most(大多数的) all no
masses of / a mass of a large quantity of/ quantities of
A large quantity of alcohol __________(consume) by him during the night.
Quantities of researches __________(conduct) so far so as to find an alternative method.