干货—中国传统文化.doc

中国传统文化练习
①书法
Chinese brush calligraphy or “shufa” in Chinese is one of 61 most important art forms in China. Many Asian cultures have originated their own calligraphy styles, but China’s is unequaled because of 62 (it) beauty, grace, and history.
The 63 (origin) of Chinese brush calligraphy are unknown, but local tales say it goes back over 4,000 years to the time of the legendary Yellow Emperor (2698-2598 B.C.). At that time characters were carved on animal bones or tortoise shells. Only after Emperor Qin Shi Huang united China under his rule 64 one country did it really gain popularity as a common art form.
He simplified Chinese characters and regular rules were set, 65 (make) it easier for people to learn and master. This Chinese art form continued to progress and during the Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) a new type of cursive script (草书) was formed and standardized. It is written 66 (free), but it’s not as easy to read.
Today Chinese calligraphy is once again a subject in schools and an art form highly 67 (appreciate) across the world. Anyone can practice it and 68 is required is a simple set including: brush, ink, and paper. It’s fun for amateurs to try, but to become good at it, not only years of practice but natural talent 69 (need). Practising this art consistently can develop personal character and is of 70 (benefit) to health.

61. the           62.its                 63. origins           64. as / into           65. making   
66. freely      67. appreciated     68. what             69. is needed        70. benefit

②二十四节气
Our grandparents seems to have magic powers sometimes. Give them a Chinese lunar calendar   61 they will know what the weather will be like days or even months later.
What’s the secret? They are following the 24 Solar Terms,  62 were added on Nov.30 to the list of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity(人类非物资文化遗产) by the United Nations. It is a knowledge system and social practice   63(form) through people’s observations of the sun’s annual movements and its influence on the climate.
The 24 Solar Terms   64(come) into being during the Qin and Han   65 (dynasty) when most Chinese people made their living on farms, so it was  66(extreme) important for them to know weather changes. But of course, they had no satellite, internet or weather broadcast   67   (help) them.  68   these difficulties, they managed to work out 24 Solar Terms by studying the sun’s movement and also 69 (pay) attention to other natural changes such as air temperature, water and crop growth.
It is honored as China’s  70 (five) great invention, after papermaking, printing, the compass and gunpowder. Now, it is still widely used in daily life even in the age of technology-based modern farming.
61．and
句意：给他们一份中国农历，他们就会知道几天甚至几个月后的天气怎么样。使用：祈使句+and/or+简单句的句型。故填and。
62．which
which引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作主语，修饰the 24 Solar Terms(节气)。故填which。
63．formed
使用非谓语动词作定语修饰a knowledge system and social practice，a knowledge system and social practice和form是被动关系。故填formed。
64．came
这句话的时间是during the Qin and Han用一般过去时。故填came。
65．dynasties
dynasty是可数名词，因为是秦朝和汉朝，用复数。故填dynasties。
66．extremely
修饰形容词important，用副词。故填extremely。
67．to help
使用have sth to do的搭配，不定式作定语。故填to help。
68．Despite
虽然有这些困难，他们还是成功地制定了24节气。这里需要介词，表示转折的介词是despite。故填Despite。
69．paying
和studying并列作by的宾语用动名词。故填paying。
70．fifth
它被誉为中国第五大发明。使用序数词，故填fifth。
【备注】文章介绍中国的24节气被增加到人类非物资文化遗产的名录中，介绍24节气的由来和重要性。

③旗袍
The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys a growing 61 (popular) in the international world of high fashion.
The name “cheongsam,” 62 (mean) simply “long dress,” entered the English vocabulary from the dialect of China's Guangdong Province (Cantonese). In other parts of the country including Beijing, however, it63 (know) as “qi pao”, which has a history behind it.
After the early Manchu rulers came to China, the Manchu women wore ____64___(normal) a one-piece dress which came to be called “qipao”. 65 the 1911 Revolution toppled the rule of the Qing Dynasty, the female dress survived the political change and, with later improvements, has become the traditional dress for Chinese women.
The cheongsam 66 neck is high, collar closed, fits well the Chinese female figure, and its sleeves may be short, medium or full 67 (long), depending on season and taste. In addition, neither is it too complicated 68 (make) nor 69 it call for too much material. Another beauty of the cheongsam is that it can be worn either 70 casual or formal occasions. In either case, it creates an impression of simple and quiet charm, elegance and neatness. No wonder it is so much liked by women not only of China but of foreign countries as well.

61. popularity 62. meaning 63. is known 64. normally 65. Although/Though
66. whose 67. length 68. to make 69. does 70.on

④茶文化
Tea is consumed around the world more than any other drink except water. Originating in China, tea has long established 61 (it) as the national drink of this country.
A century before the birth of Christ, tea 62 (describe) in Chinese texts as a health drink that made one live longer. Today, it is still being regarded as such. Both green and black teas are claimed to be effective for 63 (prevent) cancer, heart disease, and many other deadly diseases. There is only one point 64 people need to be aware of when they drink tea—it should not be drunk along with meals.
Tea, a popular drink in China and many other countries, 65 (be) carefully prepared according to local customs. 66 Chinese put loose tea in teapots, add boiling water, and serve it in teacups. The strong tea from China’s Fujian Province is drunk in tiny cups before dinner. Lighter teas with jasmine (茉莉), rose or other 67 (flower), usually served after dinner, are special to China’s Changjiang River regions.
Many English people, travelling away from home, feel 68 a loss if their favourite teabags are not available. Afternoon tea in England is still a time-honoured tradition. It’s a good opportunity for people to socialize or discuss business matters.
In Japan, a tea ceremony is often held while people are drinking tea. The ceremony, usually 69 (hold) in a teahouse, dates back to the 16th century. Guests follow strict rules set up then and the tea used is a powdered green tea. Though still practised today, the ceremony may not be as popular 70 it used to be.

61. itself 62. was described 63. preventing 64. that 65. is
66. The 67. flowers 68. at 69. held 70. as

⑤ 茶文化
There are over 2,000 different kinds of tea in the world. Tea can 　 61 　(divide) into six types: green tea, black tea, white tea, oolong tea, yellow tea and dark tea.
A kind of tea that has 　 62 　(recent) grown in popularity worldwide is green tea. There are several reasons why green tea has become popular. One of the reasons is that it has 　 63 　(little) caffeine(咖啡因) than black tea and has a nicer flavor.
China was the first country 　 64 　(drink) green tea more than 4,000 years ago and it still enjoys popularity there today. There are many different kinds of green tea in China. The most famous Chinese tea, 　 65 　(call) Longjing tea, comes from Zhejiang Province. Fujian Province is also famous 　 66 　 growing tea.
People have believed for 　 67 　long time that green tea has positive effects on our health. Scientists have studied green tea’s effects on weight loss, cancer and heart disease. The 　 68 　(result) of these studies have shown that green tea might treat or prevent these diseases.
　 69 　 you believe that it can cure your diseases or not, green tea is popular and 　 70 　(continue) to be popular in the future.

⑥ 中国货币
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
China has been the birthplace of many of the world’s greatest inventions. It was, for example, the first country to produce paper money. Before the invention of paper money and coins, people used many different kinds of things for buying and selling. 36 This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering.
37 In 1200 BC, people in China began to use shells（贝壳）as money. Usually the shells used as money were very small. This made it easier for people to carry money over long distances, and allowed for trade to develop between different parts of the country.
In the years which followed this invention, many other countries around the world began to do the same. 38
The next development was in 1000 BC, when China started making bronze and copper shells. It wasn’t long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal. 39 By 500 BC, metal coins had begun to appear in countries like Persia and Greece, and later in the Roman Empire.
About 1000 years later, leather was used as money in China, and in 806 AD, the first paper banknotes were produced by the Chinese people. 40

A. People also began collecting foreign coins as souvenirs.
B. However, as economies developed, such exchanges became impractical.
C. It was still many years before paper currency appeared in Europe.
D. They also used tiny shells as money for buying and selling.
E. As time went by, trade between countries increased.
F. During that time, for example, buying a chicken might cost several potatoes.
G. The very first coins often had holes in them so that people could string them together.

36-40: FBDGC

⑦中国新“四大发明”
China has once again proved its 61 (able)to change the world with the“new four great inventions”：high-speed railways，electronic payments，shared bicycles and online shopping．
They’re related to China’s high-tech innovation(创新)， 62 has improved the quality of people’s lives，according to a survey 63 (make)by the Belt and Road Research Institute of Beijing Foreign Studies University．
“My wallet is no longer in use．I can buy and eat whatever I want simply with a fingertip on my phone，”said 64 university student，adding that“even pancake sellers are using mobile payment．
The bikes 65 (them)are not new，but the operating model of bike-sharing 66 base)on satellite navigation system，mobile payment，big data and other high technologies．
China has entered a new innovative era，thanks to the large amounts of capital China has invested in 67 (encourage)innovation，said Bernhard Schwartlander，WHO Representative in China．
68 is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas．This is 69 (especial)true in mobile，where China is leading in many ways such as…social messaging app WeChat，she said．This is partly because China skipped over the PC era and went directly to mobile．China has the 70 (1arge)mobile use in the world．

⑧ 龙抬头
Dragon Heads-raising Day, 61. falls each year on the second day of the second lunar month, is one of the Chinese traditional festivals as the proverb goes: “The dragon is awake, 62. (raise) his head.” On this day, dragons, a prominent totem (图腾) in Chinese culture, raise 63. (they) heads with the sound of thunder. Around this time, the earth 64. (burst) with life—grass and trees are beginning to shoot up. In ancient China, people 65. (pray) the dragon god beside a river or a lake for the precious spring rain to breed their crops.
66. (tradition), food eaten on this day was renamed after parts of the dragon. For instance, wontons (馄饨) were called “dragons, eyes”. The special 67. (food) usually eaten on this day include dragons’ scales, popcorn and pigs’ heads.
In Shanxi, people get their hair 68. (cut) in a symbolic move to remove the old and embrace the new. In 69. countryside in Hebei Province, people would fetch water from a well at dawn. It was believed 70. on this day the well was full of dragon eggs which would bring the collectors good harvest.

61. which 62. raising 63. their 64. is bursting 65. would pray/prayed
66. Traditionally 67. foods 68. cut 69. the 70. that.