初中英语形容词副词.doc

形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)
一. 翻译下列句子，划出句中的形容词（adj.）
1) He is a tall man. 2) There is something wrong with the watch.
3) He is clever. 4) Running in the morning makes him strong.
一.） 形容词的位置
1.形容词常放在______；
1) He is a tall man.
2) My beautiful present is on the desk.
3) I have five red pencils.
此时的形容词作_______________
2.当形容词修饰由some-,any-,no-, every-构成的不定代词时，形容词要放在____________
1) There is _________ _______ with the watch. 这个手表有点问题。
2) Is there ________ _________? 有什么重要的事情吗？
此时的形容词被称作_______________
3.形容词可以放在 _______后
1) He is strong. 2) It’s getting warm.
3) The soup tastes delicious. 4) She fell asleep.
系动词有：
be动词:
②感官类:
变化类:
此时的形容词被称作_______________
4.形容词修饰补充说明_____的性质、状态
1) Running in the morning makes him strong.
2) We think the film really interesting.
3) Who has left the door open?
4) I found her asleep on the grass.
此时的形容词被称作_______________ 这类动词主要有_____________
总结：形容词在句中常作______、______和______。
二. 什么是副词？有哪些种类？
一） 翻译下列句子，指出画线部分单词的词性
　1. In summer , it always rains heavily .
2. I am very happy to see you today .
3. Surprisingly, Spurs got NBA championship of 2014
总结：
副词修饰1，____________ 2, ____________ 3，____________
二) 副词常见类别：
1. 程度副词：fairly, pretty, rather, quite, very, much, too, greatly, almost, nearly, half, highly
在句中的位置: 一般放在被修饰的形容词或副词____面。
I am really sorry to hear that. The girls works very hard.
The weather here is quite different from that in Nanjing.
2. 时间副词：now, then, soon, ago, recently, lately, later, before, early, today, tomorrow, yesterday, tonight, suddenly, immediately, still, already, just等
在句中的位置: 通常位于句___，先_____后_____, 时间副词还可以放在句___
They went swimming in the river yesterday.
Yesterday they went swimming in the river.
4. 频度副词：always, usually, often, frequently, seldom, sometimes, never, hardly, rarely, constantly, occasionally等
在句中的位置
1）通常___动词、___________动词之后
The boy is often late for school. I have never seen such a good film.
2）通常放在行为动词之___
He usually goes to school on foot.
5. 方式副词：表示行为方式的副词大多以ly结尾，如quietly, heavily, warmly, carefully, happily, politely, angrily等。
在句中的位置
1) 通常放在动词____面。
She walked into the classroom happily.
Mike wrote carefully some letters to his parents. My father works hard.
2) 修饰整个句子用作状语，放在句____。 Luckily, Jim catches the bus in time.
三. 某些形容词变副词，词尾怎么变化？
一） 写出下列形容词的副词形式，注意其变化规律
wide______________
musical______________
wonderful______________
easy______________
lucky______________
magic______________
comfortable______________
true______________
二) 即学即练：把下列形容词改为副词
nice__________ polite___________ rude______________
slow__________ quick___________ quiet_____________
real__________ careful __________ hopeful___________
busy___________ angry___________ easy_____________
heavy__________ happy__________ lucky____________
automatic_______________ energetic_______________
terrible____________ gentle___________ true __________
四. -ly结尾的词都是副词吗?
注意：以ly结尾的词不一定是副词，有可能是形容词。
日常的：
友好的：
可能的：
活泼的：
可爱的：
孤独的：
丑陋的：
五. 形容词/副词的比较级和最高级
形容词和副词的规则变化
比较级或最高级的变化
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级) /-est(最高级)
以字母e接尾的词加-r或-st
tall
hard
large
wide

重读闭音节词,且词尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写辅音字母再加-er(比较级) 或 -est(最高级)
big
hot
thin
fat
wet

辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i再加-er(比较级) 或 -est(最高级)
happy
dry
early

多音节词和部分双音节词前面加more(比较级)
或most(最高级)
difficult
popular
slowly

不规则变化
注意，有的形容词的比较级有两种形式，有不同的用法
“less+形容词原形”表示“较不…”
形容词/副词的使用
1. “the+形容词”，表示一类人或物
富人______________年轻人_____________残疾人______________
穷人_______________老人_______________盲人_______________
2._________________________________________________
Tom is as tall as Mike. Jim works as hard as Mike.
3. _____________________________________________
Tom is not as tall as Mike. Jim doesn’t work so hard as Mike.
即学即练
①这个男孩和他的哥哥一样聪明。________________________________________
②杰克和汤姆跑得一样快。_____________________________________________
③猴子不如大象强壮。_____________________________________________
④她跳得没有我姐姐高。_____________________________________________
4. _________________________________________
Chinese is as difficult a language as English.
5. ________________________________________
I have as many books as Tom has.   I can carry as much paper as you can..
6. ________________________________________
This room is twice as big as that one. Tom is three times as old as Mike.
This bridge is four times as long as that one.
形容词/副词比较级的使用
1. _____+_______ + ___________________________ + ______+ 对比成分
Blood is thicker than water. is more important than wealth.
今天比昨天暖和。Today is _______ than yesterday.
这张照片比那张照片漂亮。This picture is ______________ than that one.
2. ____+________________+than...
Math is less difficult than physics.
这首歌不如那首歌流行。This song is ____________ than that one.
这本书不如那本书有趣。 This book is ________________ than that one.
3. 比较级前可用much, a lot, far, a little, 倍数等修饰。
Peter is much wiser than Sam. Peter比Sam聪明得多。
太阳比月亮大得很多。The sun is far larger than the moon.
我的笔比他的贵一点点。My pen is a little more expensive than his.
他比我大三岁。He is three years older than I.
very和much非常区别
very 修饰形容词和副词的______。 much修饰形容词和副词的______ 。
He works _____ hard. He works _____ harder than before.
4. 表示“越来越···”
In autumn, the days are getting shorter and shorter.
It rains more and more heavily.
句型： 1）______________________________________
2）______________________________________
你的英语越来越好了。______________________________________
现在越来越多人学英语。______________________________________
这个城市越来越漂亮了。______________________________________
5. ______________________________________
The busier he is, the happier he feels.
The more tickets you sell，the more money you will get.
即学即练
你学习越努力，进步就越快。__________________, ____________ make progress.
你越锻炼, 就越健康。________ exercise ____ do, ____________ you will become.
形容词/副词最高级常用句型
1. the + 最高级+ “of/in/among...”短语→ 表范围,可放句___或句__
Jack is the best of all the students.  = Of all the students, Jack is the best. 
She came (the) earliest of all the students.（副词最高级前的the可以省略）
2. This is/ was the最高级+名词+that定语从句
This is the worst film that I have ever seen. 
3. one of the+最高级+复数名词  →表示“是最...之一”
Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers in China. 
4. the + 序数词+ 最高级 →表示“第几最...”
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国的第二大河流。
这个是北京第三大公园。This is _________________ park in Beijing.
【即学即练】
1) She is _______ student ___ her class.她是班上最好的学生。
2) This is __________________ all the watches.在所有这些表中这块最贵。
3) _______________________ I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。
4) Shanghai is _____________________ China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。
5) Yao Ming is ________________________________ in China.
姚明是中国最受欢迎的篮球球星之一。
形容词/副词的特殊句型
1. such +____ +________+ 可数名词单数 (+that从句)
He is such an honest boy that he never tells lies.
2. so +_______ +_____ +可数名词单数 (+ that从句)
This is so difficult a question that we cannot answer it.
The box is so heavy that I can’t move it.
【即学即练】
1) 他是一个如此热心的男孩以至于每个人喜欢他。
He is such ___________________ that __________________.
2) 它是如此有趣的一本书以至于我一天就把它读完了。
It was so _____________________ I finished it in a day.
3. too+形容词原级+ to do sth.
He is too young to go to school. 这个孩子太小还不能上学。
4. 形容词原级+ enough to do sth.
He is old enough to go to school.他到了可以上学的年龄了。
【即学即练】
1) 那男孩太矮够不着书架上的书。
________________________ reach the books on the shelf.
2) 这个房间够大能容纳100人。
______________________________ hold 100 people.
形容词副词巩固练习
根据所给提示词填空。
1) My house is _______ (large) than Jim’s.
2) Today is much _______ (warm) than yesterday.
3) Which book is _______________ (interesting), this one or that one?
4) Kate is _______ (good) than me at English.
5) Who is __________ (tall) boy in your class?
6) Mike runs __________ (fast) of all the students.
7) I have _____ (much) money than you.
8) My brother is not as ________ (strong) as me.
9) Which film is _____________(interesting) this one or that one?
10) I think English is one of _______________(important) subjects in middle school.
11) Li Lei doesn't study as _______(care) as his sister.
12) Ann is a little _______(young) than Joan, but she is much ____.(tall)
13) The Changjiang River is very ____.It's the third ______ river in the world. (long)
14) The Yellow River is the second ______(long) river in China.
15) Zhao Lei is one of ___________ (young) boys in his school.
16) Which is _________(big), the sun, the earth or the moon ?
17) Mary has three brothers. Smith is ________(tall) of the three.
18) Mount Qomolangma is _________(high) in the world .
19) Jim jumped ______ (high) of the all.
选择填空：
1) ---Which is _______ season in Beijing? ---I think it's autumn.
A. good B. better C. best D. the best
2) It is ______ today than yesterday. Shall we go swimming this afternoon?
A. the hottest B. hot C. hottest D. hotter
3) Jim is running _________ Bruce. They're neck and neck.
A. faster than B. as fast as C. as faster as D. more slowly than
4) ---Is the physics problem _________? ---Yes, I can work it out _________.
A. easy；easily B. easy；easy C. easily；easy D. easily；easily
5) Her mother was out. She stayed at home______, but she didn't feel _________.
A. alone；lonely B. lonely；alone C. alone；lonely D. lonely；alone
6) What a _________ cough! You seen _________ill.
A. terrible；terribly B. terribly；terrible
C. terrible；terrible D. terribly；terribly
7) The car is running _________. It seems to be flying.
A. more and faster B. more and fast
C. fast and fast D. faster and faster
8) She was very happy. She ran ______ of all the runners.
A. fastest B. less quickly C. slowest D. quickly
9) —What was the weather like yesterday?
—It was very bad. It rained ___ people could ___ go out.
A. hard；hard B. hardly；hard C. hardly；hardly D. hard；hardly
10) The bread is ____ than these cakes
A. very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious
11) Lin Tao jumped ____ in the long jump in the school sports meeting
A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far
12) When they met in the hotel . They talked and laughed __.
A. happily B. happy C. happier D. happiest
13) In our city it’s ____ in July, but it is even ____ in August
A. hotter；hottest B. hot；hot C. hotter；hot D. hot；hotter
14) Hainan is a very large Island .It is the second ______ island in china.
A. large B. larger C. largest D. most largest
15) An elephant is ____ than a tiger .
A. heavy B. very heavy C. the heaviest D. heavier
16) A horse is ______ than a dog .
A. much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier D. more heavy
17) Emma always makes a lot of mistakes. She is _____.
A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless
18) Which subject is _____, physics or chemistry?
A. interesting B. most interesting
C. more interesting D. the most interesting
19) He is ___ enough to carry the heavy box .
A. strong B. stronger C. much stronger D. the strongest
20) Li lei often talks ___ but does ___ so everyone says he is a good boy.
A. less；more B. few；much C. more；little D. little；many
21) When the famous singer started to sing , everyone began to shout very ___ .
A. loudly B. loud C. heavily D. high
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