高中英语必修五知识点总结.doc

1. scientist science scientific
2. know about 了解
know of 听说过
3. find/ find out/ discover/ invent
4. explain sth. to sb
5. be characteristic of sb/ sth
6. pass sth from… 从…处传来, 传下
pass by 路过, 经过…
pass down 把…传下去
pass on 传递, 传授
7. the way of doing sth = the way to do
做某事的方法
8. put forward 提出建议， 推荐某人或者自己任职，提名；时钟往前拨
9. by the way 顺便说
by way of …通过… 的方法
lose one’s way 迷路
no way 没门，别想
feel one’s way 摸索着走 谨慎从事
on one’s way to… 在去……的路上
in this way=by this means=with this method用这种方法
10. put away 抛弃;舍弃
put down 写下来; 记入名单
put on 穿上; 戴上; 增加
put off 耽误; 延期
put out 熄灭(灯); 扑灭 (火)
put up 建立; 建造
put up with… 忍受…
11. arrive at / come to / draw /
reach a conclusion
12. win / beat /defeat
win “赢得, 获胜”, 后接奖品, 奖金, 名誉, 财产
beat “击败, 战胜”, 后接竞争队伍或者对手, 敌人
defeat “击败，战胜”, 后接竞争队伍或者对手, 敌人, (此用法同beat), 疾病等。
13.be expert at/in sth 某方面的专家
14. attend 注意；照看，照顾；参加
attendance n. 照顾, 出席
attend school 上学
attend a lecture 听讲座
attend a wedding 出席婚礼
15. attend to
处理, 办理 I have some important things to attend to.
照顾, 照料; Are you being attended to ? 先生, 有人接待你吗？
专心, 注意If you don’t attend to the teacher, you’ll never learn anything.
16. expose A to B 使 A 暴露于B
A be exposed to B A 暴露于B
17. die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.)
deadly adj. 致命的
18. deadly adv.
(1)very 极度; 非常; 十分
deadly serious 十分认真
(2)like death 死一般地
deadly pale 死一般苍白
19. every time 每当 每次 （连词 连接句子）注意: immediately, the moment, directly,
instantly 等与 every time一样, 都可以
用作连词引导时间状语从句, 意为
“一…..就”。
20. absorb…..into 吸收，理解接受，吞并
be absorbed in …　被…吸引; 专心于; 全神贯注于某事
21. suggest doing sth 建议做某事
suggest that 建议 should + V
暗示 该使用什么时态用什么
22. severe 严厉的; 苛刻的; 严格的.
剧痛的, 剧烈的, 严重的, 难熬的
be severe with/on sth 对……严格。
23. be to blame 应该受到责备
blame sb for sth 因……责备某人
blame sth on sb 把 sth 归咎于某人
24. look into 向里看； 调查，了解
25. suspect sth 怀疑某事
suspect sb of doing sth 怀疑某人做某事
suspect that 从句
26. look on 观看, 面向, 旁观, 看待
look out 面朝, 留神, 照料
look over 从上面看, 察看, 检查
look around 环顾, 观光, 察看
look through 看穿, 审核, 浏览, 温习
look up and down 仔细打量, 到处寻找
look after 寻求, 照顾, 关心
27. at ease 舒适 快活 自由自在
ease off 减轻痛苦，紧张状态， 缓和，放松。
28. connect …with与…相联系，关系（抽象）
connect ……to 与……相连接
29. come to an end 结束，终结，终止
30. handle n. 柄, 把手
v. A. 操作; 运用 B. 经销; 买卖 C. 管理 D. 对待 E. 应付 F. 控制; 管理
31. link A to B 把…与…连接; 联系
be linked to 连接
link n. 联系, 关系
29. announce
announce sth. (to sb.)
announce that + 从句
It is / was announced that + 从句 据宣传
announcement N
make an announcement 下通知
30. instruct instruction
31. cure sb of sth 治好了某人的病
cure for sth 治疗……的方法
32. have sb do sth= get sb to do sth 让某人做某事
have sb doing sth = get sb doing sth让某人一直做某事
have sth done = get sth done 叫别人做某事
33. make money 挣钱
make one’s way to一路前进, 向前
make sure 确保
make friends 交朋友
make the bed 铺床
make room for 为……腾出空位、空间
make up one’s mind 下决心 决定
make an appointment 约会
make a gossip 闲言碎语
make an apology 道歉
make a contest 竞争
make a choice选择
34. be strict with sb. in （doing） sth.
35. prevent/stop/keep…from doing sth
阻止某人做某事
36.be absorbed in 专心致志
37.be determined to do决定做某事
38. so… that… 如此……以至于
39. die of / from 死于
40. attend to/take care of/ look after
41.cure sb of one’s disease/illness
42. put forward 提出
43.make sense 讲得通，有意义
44.be linked to 和……有联系
45.be exposed to 暴露于
46. look into 调查，向里看
47.in addition to 另外
48.lead（led, led) to 导致，通向
49.take up 开始从事，继续，占据，接纳，吸收
50. be to blame for 因……应当受到责备
51.apart from/except for/besides/other than/but/except 除……之外
52. take in 收留， 包括
take on 雇佣，呈现，露出，承担
take over 接任，接管，接收
take off 脱掉衣物，飞机起飞， 成功。
take back 撤销，同意收回，回忆昔日
53. work on 从事；继续工作；致力于…
54. be enthusiastic about 对某事充满热情
55.With 的复合宾语结构 独立复合结构
(1)With + n./pron. + 介词短语
He sat there with a smile on his face.
(2) With + n./pron. + 副词
With Mr Smith away, we’ve got more room.
(3) With + n./pron. + 不定式
With so much work to do, he could not go home.
(4) With + n./pron. + 现在分词
The street was quiet with no buses running.
(5) With + n./pron. + 过去分词
In came a man with his hands tied back.
(6) With + n./pron. + 形容词
He wrote a shirt, with the neck open, showing his bare chest.
56.be cautious about/of sb对……小心谨慎的
57. base sth on 把……建立在……
be based on 基于
58. can never……too 再……也不为过
59. would have done
should have done
needn’t have done
ought to have done
60. only + 介词短语/副词/状语从句 放在句首，要使用部分倒装 前不倒后倒
only then did he realize that he made mistakes.
only at home can I have a good sleep.
1 know about 了解
be known as 作……而出名
be known for 因……而著名
as far as one knows据某人所知
2 divide ……into 把……分成
separate….from
3 consist of 由……组成 不用被动，进行
= be made up of
consist in 存在于
4. take the place of = replace 代替
=take sb’s place 代替某人
take place 发生, 举行
in place of =instead of 代替
5. arrange v. (for连用) 安排, 筹备, 布置 arrangement n. 筹备, 安排
arrange to do sth. 安排做某事, 预定
arrange for 安排, 准备
arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人去做某事
6. fold v.& n. 折叠, 弯曲, 合起来
folder 纸夹
foldaway a. 可折叠的
unfold 打开(反义词)
fold back 折叠起来; 折回去
fold up 失败; 倒闭
7. clarify one’s stand/ position 阐明某人的立场
clarify matters 澄清真相
8. puzzle over 苦思 be in a puzzle about 对……不解
人 puzzled
物 puzzling
9. be in/ come into conflict with 与…冲突/ 矛盾
10.be unwilling to do sth 不愿意做某事
11. break away from 摆脱，脱离…
break down 坏（抛锚, 出故障, 身体跨了）
break into 闯入,
break out (war/fire/disease) 爆发
break off 中断
break the rules 违反规则
break the records 打破记录
12. to one’s credit 值得赞扬
13. for one’s convenience = for the convenience of sb 为了方便某人
at one’s convenience 在某人方便的时候
It is convenient to sb. 在sb方便的时候
It is convenient for sb. to do sth sb方便做sth
14. attract sb. 吸引某人
attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
15. work together 合作 work out 算出
work on 从事，继续工作；致力于
16.look around 参观，四处看
17. It is worthwhile to do sth. 值得做某事
It is worthwhile doing sth
be worthy to be done
be worthy of being done
be worth n/pron /doing
eg.The book is worth reading.
The book is worthy to be read/ of being read.
It is worthwhile to read the book.
18. leave out 遗漏, 漏掉
leave A for B 离开A去B
leave alone 不管; 撇下…一个人
leave aside 搁置
leave behind 遗忘, 遗留
leave+宾语+宾补(adj/v-ing/v-ed ) 使..
19. sb. be familiar with sth
sth be familar to sb 熟悉某物
20. whisper to sb 悄悄说
21. pick up 捡
22. make a list of 列…清单
23. delight
n. to one’s delight 使某人高兴的是…
vt. delight sb
adj delighted be ~ ed at sth, be delighted to do sth
物 delighting
1. impression n (c)
give sb. a good impression
给某人以好印象
make/have/leave an impression on sb.
给某人留下印象
impress vt.使…印象深刻
主语impress sb with sth
主语impress sth on sb 给某人留下印象
sb be impressed by sth
sth impress sb
impressive adj. 印象深刻的
The girl impressed her friends with her beauty.
2. He took up his book and hurried out. 拿起
He took up challenge with courage 接受
He decided to take up photograph as his career 开始从事
I’m going to take this matter up with my lawyer. 着手处理
It takes up too much room.占据(时间或空间）
take off 脱下；起飞
take in 接纳, 吸收; 领会, 理解; 欺骗
take on 呈现出；雇佣
take over 接管
take it easy! 别着急
take your time 慢慢来
take advantage of 利用
3. previous to 在…之前
4. be surrounded by/ with 被…包围
5. tolerate/ bear/ stand/ put up with 忍受 vt.
tolerance n. tolerant adj
6. lack v. be lacking in/ lack sth.
n. （be）lack of sth. for lack of sth 缺乏
He lacks courage = He is lacking in courage
The plants died for lack of water
7. adjustment n – adjust v. 调整 adjust to
8. press v ~ sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事
~ one’s way to… 挤
n. the press 新闻界
9. lose sight of/ out of sight … 看不见
catch sight of / in sight … 看见
at the sight of 一看 （连词作用）
10. sweep up 扫除, 打扫
11. switch off=turn off 关掉(电灯或电器)
switch on=turn on 打开
switch from A to B? 由A转变为B
12.slide into 溜进（悄声地）
13. Speed up 加速
at a speed of … 以…速度
14. the instant 一… 就… ( conj作用）
for an instant 一瞬间
15. be overcome by ( anger,grief)
被（感情）压倒
16.remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事
Vt. remind sb to do sth 提醒
remind sb that… 使想起
17. as a result + 结果（句子）
as a result of + 原因（n/ 短语） 由于…
result in 导致
result from 由…引起
His carelessness resulted in failure.
As a result of the rain, we can’t go out.
18. suffer from 遭受…患(病)
19. be similar to 与…相似
20. Keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止
stop/ prevent sb. ( from ) doing sth
protect sb. from sth/ doing sth. 保护某人免受…伤害
21. be well-known for/ as 因…而闻名/ 作为…而闻名
22. sth be difficult to do ( hard,easy, important, necessary)
23. follow sb to do sth 跟着某人做某事
24. in no time 立刻 at one time 曾经
in time 及时 at times 有时 on time 按时
at a time一次 at all times 一直
from time to time 不时的
25. in all directions= in every direction 四面八方
in the direction of … 在…方向
under the direction of sb 在某人的指导下
26. show sb in/ into 领某人进入
show sb. out / around领某人出去/ 四处看看
show sb. sth. = show sth to sb 向某人展示
show off 炫耀 show up 出现
show sb. the way 指路
show sb what/ how / where to do 教sb …
show that从句
27.provide sb with sth= provide sth for…提供
29.fall fast sleep 熟睡
consider sb to have done认为某人做了某事
31. in space 在空间中
32. up- to -date 最新的，日益更新的，
33.dispose of sth / sth be disposed of 处理
34.turn into 转化成
35.stare at 盯着
36. happen to + n. 发生
happen to do sth. 碰巧做（无进行时）
it happens/ happened that 碰巧
37. program sb to do sth 安排某人做某事
38. perform tasks/ work 履行职责/ 任务
1.involve….in / be involved in 牵涉
2.photograph / photo (s)
take ~s of sb 给某人照相
3. submit sth. to sb. 向某人递交（文件）
submit (that) 主张
submit to sb/ sth 屈服于
4. be eager (for sb.) to do sth 渴望做某事
be eager for / about sth.
be eager that
be anxious for /about sth. 担心, 忧虑
be anxious to do sth 渴望做某事
5. concentrate (one’s attention, mind, efforts, thoughts) on (doing) sth.全神贯注, 致力于……
6. inform sb of/ about sth 通知某人某事
inform sb (that)
7. in the meanwhile/ meantime 与此同时, 在此期间
8.depend on 依靠，依赖；取决于
It all depends 视情况而定
9. in that case 如果那
in any case 不管怎样
in no case 绝不, 放句首倒装
in case（of） 以防万一
as is often the case with…对…是常有的事
Take your umbrella in case it rains.
10.accuse sb. of sth. 指控某人某事
charge sb. with sth. 指控
blame sb. for sth. 责备
ask/ cure/ rob / warn /remind sb. of sth.
11.so as ( not) to = in order ( not ) to 为了( 不 ）做
11. deny doing sth. 拒接做某事
12. be skeptical about/ of sth. 怀疑某事
13. be in a dilemma 处于进退两难的境地
14. be gifted in sth/ doing sth
have a gift for sth 在某方面有天赋
15. approve of sb/ sth. 赞成，认可
approve sth. 批准
16. process a film / photos 冲洗胶卷/照片
in (the) process of… 在…过程中
17. make an appointment with sb.
与某人约会
18. occupy vt 占有；从事，忙于
occupy oneself in (doing) sth 忙于做某事occupation n.占有；工作；
by ~/ profession 工作是
19. suppose vt 假设（虚拟语气）;认为;料想,推断
suppose you were a journalist.
be supposed to do sth. 本应该做某事
be not supposed to do 表示不允许
20. sb. be offered a job 提供给某人工作
offer sb. sth
21.assist (sb.) in doing sth.
assist sb in/ with sth. 帮助, 协助(help)
22.表示将来的五种句型
1.will/ shall do 2. be going to do
3. be doing 4. be to do 5. be about to do
23. go out on a story 出去做新闻
24. cover vt.
(1) 铺, 覆盖;包括, 涉及
He covered the table with a piece of cloth.
His research covered a wide field.
(2) 占有(时间,面积)
The city covers ten square miles.
(3) 走完, 走过
They covered 20 miles a day.
(4) 看完(多少页书)
I have covered 200 pages now.
(5)支付(开支)
The firm barely covers its costs
25. take sth. with sb. 随身带着某物
26. find+ n. + adj.+ to do sth. 发现做某事很….
you will find your colleagues very eager to assist you.
27. have a nose for sth. 对…很敏感 探查发现某事物的能力
28. keep sth. in mind = remember
29. meet /miss a deadline 如期 / 超过期限
30. take notes 做笔记
31. a trick of the trade 行业诀窍
32. case, situation, position, condition, stage, point 等抽象地点n.做先行词时,其后的定语从句用where引导, 相当于in which
33. get the wrong end of the stick 得出错误结论
34. This is how the story goes. 这就是事情的发展
35. tell the truth / tell a lie 说实话/ 说谎
36. look forward to sth./ doing sth. 期盼做某事
37. set to work = settle down to work 开始工作
settle down to sth/ doing sth. 着手做某事
set about doing
set out to do sth 开始做某事
38. pass sth （on）to sb 把…传给某人
pass sth down to sb 把…传给下一代
39. above all 最重要after all 毕竟, 终究
first of all 首先 last of all 最后in all 总计;
40. concentrate on (doing) sth专心做某事
concentrate one’s attention on 把注意力集中于……上
41. update a law 修订法律
update sb on sth 向某人提供最新的信息
42. so as (not) to= in order (not) to （不）为了做……
43. be guilty of … 犯……最
be guilty for/about sth 对sth感到内疚
44. be in a dilemma 陷入进退两难的困境
put sb into a dilemma 使某人处于进退两难的境地
1. aid( 用法同help)
do/ give/ offer (some )first aid 进行急救
2. fall ill/ sleep/ awake/ silent fall+ adj.
3. do an injury to sb. = do sb. an injury 伤害某人
an injury to + 身体部位（ arm/leg…)
（胳膊/ 手/ 腿）…的伤
get injured/ wounded/ infected 受伤/感染 get+adj.
4. bleed to death 流血致死 bleed-bled-bled
5. be essential for/ to sb. 对某人是必要的
It is essential for sb. to do sth. 做某事是必要的
It is essential that… (should)+v原形 虚拟语气
essentials 必需品
6.squeeze out 挤出
7.over and over again 反复
8.in place 适当，合适的位置
out of place 不合适
take place 发生
take ons’s place=take the place of sb.=in place of 取代
9. stand on/ without ceremony 拘泥于礼节/ 不拘小节
10. A number of students are sleeping.
The number of sleeping students is 60.
11. put one’s hands on = find
12.apply sth to sth. 把某物涂/ 应用到…上
apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物
apply to sth 适用于
apply pressure to… 用力摁，压
13. make a/some/no difference 有一些/没有什么区别
14. save 拯救（life）；节约（money）
save up 储蓄 save（on）sth 节约
15. If possible/ necessary如果可能/ 必要的话
16. act as 作为
17. be / get/ stand close to 靠近
18. a variety of = varieties of 各种各样的
19. affect sth. 影响 v be affected by
effcct n. have an effect on sth. 对…有影响
20. It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 花费…
sb. spend sometime on sth. /(in) doing sth.
sth. cost sb. sometime / money
sb. pay money for sth.
21. jewellery n. 珠宝的总称 (不可数) jewel n. 珠宝, 首饰 (可数)
22. stick-stuck- stuck 粘；刺
stick to 粘住；坚持 stick A on B 贴上
stick in 刺入，扎入
be stuck / trapped/ caught in 陷入…中
23. a basin of water 一盆水
24. knock down 撞到 ~ over 撞翻
25. honor v. 给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)/ n. 荣誉,尊敬
honor sb. (with sth) /(for sth)
be honored for… 因…而受到尊敬
be honored with sth. 给…以示荣誉
be/feel honored to do / that 很荣幸能做…