2017届上海英语高考11选10专项练习(八套).doc

2017届上海英语高考11选10专项练习
A：sailors
B: barking
C: locked
D: breaking
E: wilderness
F: discover
G: surrounded
H: plunging
I: mind
J: climate
K: obvious

The Vernadsky scientific base – a handful of grey huts ________1_________ by penguins in Antarctica – was once home to some of the world’s most important _________2________ science. It was here, in 1985, that British scientists did some of the key work to _________3________ the hole in the ozone layer. But today, it’s home to something altogether different: the closest thing Antarctica has to a rock star, a 44-year-old long-haired Ukrainian geophysicist called Bogdan Gavrylyuk.
“Here it’s a special place for writing songs,” he says, standing in his laboratory, where musical instruments are propped up among the scientific equipment. “We’re like prisoners, ________4_________ up for 10 months in the cold. Alone! But it creates a special mood.
“I write all kinds of songs: about pirates and gangsters; about _________5________ hard at work; about the salty, sweet taste of kisses; about hope and love. I can’t write about those things back in Ukraine – there’s too much noise.” When you visit Antarctica, music isn’t the first thing that comes to ________6_________. One of the most striking things about it is its very lack of sound.
There are no revving cars, or people __________7_______ into mobile phones. There aren’t even trees for the wind to rustle. You only hear sounds in snatches – when you stumble into the middle of a penguin colony, or the ice cracks and sends part of a glacier _________8________ into the ocean. That silence may seem ________9_________: Antarctica is the world’s last __________10_______, a continent of over 5.4 million sq miles (14 million sq km), almost all of it under ice. But nothing can prepare you for the strangeness of it.

Chinese netizens are known for coming up with creative terms for people and things making the news... and they spread like _______1____. From "skinny blue mushrooms" to "melon-eating masses", we now take a look at what has ______2_____their imaginations this year.
A: misfortune
B: qualified
C: meaning
D: origin
E: unstoppable
F: sounding
G: captured
H: scored
I: fullest
J: loneliness
K: wildfire

National swimmer Fu Yuanhui not only won a bronze medal at the Rio Olympic Games, but also _______3____a win with viewers in China in a now-iconic TV interview. When told she had _____4_____for the final, Fu pulled a comically exaggerated face and declared: "I have used all my prehistoric powers to swim!"
'Prehistoric powers', or "honghuangzhili", was adopted as a term for a(n) _____5______force, while Fu became an internet darling.
One man's ________6_______ in love turned out to be a goldmine for netizens, when a man from Guangxi province uploaded a video of himself talking about his ______7_____while his girlfriend was away. Unbearable, I want to cry," he moaned - but thanks to his heavy accent, it ended up _____8______more like "skinny blue mushroom". "Lanshouxianggu" was swiftly shared more widely and took off as a meme(文化传播), mostly as a way to mock the southern Guangxi accent.
A term whose closest equivalent is possibly "popcorn gallery", its _____9______expression is "the melon-eating masses who don't know what's really going on".
Its _____10______is unclear, but netizens often use this - sometimes derogatorily(贬低) - to describe a passive group of bystanders at a major incident or event.

A: property
B: authorities
C: giant
D: protest
E: tightened
F: insisting
G: questioning
H: accused
I: blaming
J: concerns
K: proof

Chinese e-commerce _______1______ Alibaba is back on the US's "notorious markets" list over counterfeit(仿造；伪造) goods sales. Alibaba was taken off the list four years ago, but US ______2_______ say the firm's online platform Taobao is used to sell "high levels" of fake goods.
The company has rejected the allegations, ________3_____ it polices its market place better than in the past. The firm also suggested the "current political climate" in the US might be why they are back on the list.
US President-elect Donald Trump had, during his campaign, repeatedly criticized Chinese firms for stealing intellectual _______4______. Alibaba Group President Michael Evans said he was "disappointed" by the decision , ______5_______ whether it was "based on actual facts or was influenced by the current political climate." The Chinese online retailer and its market place Taobao have long been ________6_____ of being a platform for counterfeit goods.
Taobao said earlier this year it had _______7______ controls on its sale of luxury goods, requiring sellers to show _______8______ of authenticity. In May though, Alibaba was suspended from the International Anti Counterfeiting Coalition (IACC) watchdog over piracy（盗版行为）_______9______. More than 250 members, including Gucci America and Michael Kors, had threatened they would leave the IACC in _______10______ at Alibaba's membership. Alibaba - by far China's biggest online retailer - floated on the New York Stock Exchange in September 2014 and broke records by raising $25bn.

A: overlooked
B: extinction
C: estimates
D: unnoticed
E: changes
F: reserves
G: surviving
H: resource
I: developed
J: conflict
K: threats

The sleek, speedy cheetah is rapidly heading towards ________1_______ according to a new study into declining numbers. The report ________2_______that there are just 7,100 of the world's fastest mammals now left in the wild. Cheetahs are in trouble because they range far beyond protected areas and are coming increasingly into ________3_______with humans.
The authors are calling for an urgent re-categorisation of the species from vulnerable to endangered. According to the study, more than half the world's ________4_______cheetahs live in one population that ranges across six countries in southern Africa. Cheetahs in Asia have been essentially wiped out. A group estimated to number fewer than 50 individuals clings on in Iran.
Because the cheetah is one of the widest-ranging carnivores(食肉动物), it roams across lands far outside protected areas. Some 77% of their habitat falls outside these parks and _______5________. As a result, the animal struggles because these lands are increasingly being _______6________by farmers and the cheetah's prey is declining because of bushmeat hunting.
In Zimbabwe, the cheetah population has fallen from around 1,200 to just 170 animals in 16 years, with the main cause being major ________7_______in land tenure（土地权）. Researchers involved with the study say that the _______8________facing the fabled predator(猎食者) have gone _______9________for far too long. "Given the secretive nature of this elusive(难以捉摸的) cat, it has been difficult to gather hard information on the species, leading to its plight(窘境;苦境) being ________10_______," said Dr Sarah Durant, from the Zoological Society of London, UK, and the report's lead author.

A: powering
B: limit
C: movement
D: compared
E: potential
F: expand
G: renewable
H: costing
I: concerns
J: selected
K: address

If you've ever struggled to walk across the deck of a boat as it rolls in a choppy sea, or tried to stand up against breaking waves at the beach, you'll have felt the might(力量) of the ocean. It feels like there's a lot of power there too, so getting energy from the waves of the sea sounds as if it's got real ________1______. For World Service listener Michael McFarlane, it's a question that's been on his mind for years.
"I live in Jamaica and we are never very far from the sea… Electricity generation here is mainly based on fossil fuels," he says.
So why isn't the ocean ________2_______ Michael's home yet? In order to ________3_______ this question for the World Service programme Crowdscience, first, there was a language problem to unpick. Deborah Greaves, Professor in Ocean Engineering and Director of the COAST Laboratory at the UK's Plymouth University explains: "We've tended to use "marine ________4_______ energy" to describe wave and tidal energy…it's energy which can be extracted from the ________5_______ of the oceans in the marine environment."
Large tidal power generators already exist in ________6_______ locations around the world - the La Rance River estuary plant in Brittany, France, opened in 1966, and the world's current largest tidal power station is at Sihwa Lake in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea, ________7_______ 313.5 billion South Korean Won (£212 million GBP or $263 million USD). Expense is one of the factors that currently ________8_______ the worldwide number of tidal power plants. Environmental ________9_______ are another, as some places with particularly strong tides are also sensitive ecosystems, such as estuaries(河口).
And there's one more detail that's particularly relevant for listener Michael: As anyone who's been lucky enough to spend time on a beach in Jamaica knows, the tides there don't go in and out that much. It can be by as little as centimetres, _______10________ with metres at a time in other locations around the world.

A: ill-trained
B: responding
C: distinctive
D: overlooked
E: targeted
F: facilities
G: impressive
H: arrival
I: efficiency
J: housing
K: replaced

In Singapore’s early years, the nation had no proper fire brigade(队). Fires were rampant then as many houses were built using wood. The equipment and ________1______ were outdated, consisting mainly of horse-drawn fire engines. The firemen of the Singapore Fire Brigade were also _______2_______as they were made up of volunteers, policemen, soldiers and convicts.
Things changed for the better with the _______3_______of Superintendent Montague William Pett, a professional firefighter from England. He championed the building of the Central Fire Station, _______4_______the horse-drawn fire engines with motorised engines and improved the _______5_______of the fire service.
Completed in 1909, the Central Fire Station was Singapore’s first proper and modernised fire station. It was a three-storey building with a(n) _______6_______lookout tower. Did you know that the lookout tower was Singapore’s tallest tower until the 1930s? The tower was used to spot fires in the vicinity. Besides _______7_______the firemen and their families, the station also had an engine house, a repair shop, a carpenter shop, a paint room and a training yard.
During World War II, the building’s _______8_______red and white facade was painted green, to camouflage it from being ________9______by Japanese aircraft. The building, unfortunately, received numerous direct hits from Japanese bombs. Nevertheless, the station remain functional. Now that’s one tough cookie.
During the Battle of Singapore, the firemen, including those from the Auxiliary Fire Service, played a significant role in _______10_______to the numerous small fires caused by Japanese bombs.

A: named
B: reeducation
C: labeled
D: primary
E: campaign
F: protection
G: awareness
H: specific
I: disturbance
J: call
K: account

A total of 1,114 people involved in 1,881 cases of school violence and bullying have been arrested from January to November, and experts _______1_______ for a law on school bullying amid the country's increasing efforts to protect juveniles. Middle school students ________2______ for a higher percentage among underage suspects of school bullying.
Separately, recent cases show male students are the _______3_______ suspects in school bullying, but bullying cases involving female students in middle school are rising, according to Shi. About 99 percent of 915 underage suspects being prosecuted in South China's Guangdong Province are men.
"At present, the primary task of tackling school bullying is to adopt a ________4______ law, as the current law on the ________5______ of juveniles does not fully cover the current situation of bullying on campus, Xia Xueluan, a professor of sociology at Peking University, told the Global Times.
A total of 7,300 procurators in China have been ________6______ as deputy principals in middle and primary schools to help improve the legal _______7_______ of school bullying, Zhang Zhijie, the director of the SPP's minor procuratorate department, said at the briefing. Twenty-four procurators have also been appointed as lecturers on the prevention of and _______8_______ against school violence since June, Zhang added. More than 16,000 lectures have been held across China for more than 7.7 million students. The SPP said they will also arrange related TV programs.
Recent juvenile crimes mainly involve physical harm, troublemaking, robbery and public _______9_______, said Shi. Juveniles under 14 who cannot be held criminally liable but are involved in bullying and violence on campus can be sent by the government to _______10_______, Shi said. According to a document released by the State Council in May, school bullying is defined as behavior that causes physical and mental harm to students through body contact, language and online.

A: profits
B: equal
C: comment
D: optimistic
E: coined
F: inspiration
G: charged
H: regarding
I: published
J: idealist
K: tricks

When you hear from Tim Wu that the Internet is dark, you know it's really dark. Wu, a professor in the Law School of Columbia University, is a(n) ______1_______ of the Internet in my eyes. An expert on media and technology, Wu was the person who _______2______ the term "net neutrality" in a 2003 academic paper. Through his career, he has defended this founding principle of the Internet that allows all participants ________3_____ opportunities in receiving and distributing information, no matter who the participants are and what the information is.
Wu offered the depressing _______4______ about the Internet last week at a panel discussion with New York Times reporter Amanda Hess held by the think tank New America _______5______ his new book The Attention Merchants: The Epic Scramble to Get Inside Our Heads.
The book is about how the media _______6______ from selling the attention of the general public to advertisers. It talks about the history dating back to Benjamin Day, the founder of New York Sun newspaper and the first "attention merchant" who realized in the 19th century that he _______7______ lower prices for newspapers to attract more readers, and then made money from the advertisers who needed the attention of the public.
And it talks about the present. That is, of course, about the Internet which has