2015年英语高考试题及答案解析-全国卷2.doc

2015·全国卷Ⅱ(英语)

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A．￡19.15. B．￡9.18.
C．￡9.15.
答案是C。
1．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] What time is it now?
A．9：10. B．9：50.
C．10：00.
2．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] What does the woman think of the weather?
A．It's nice. B．It's warm.
C．It's cold.
3．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] What will the man do?
A．Attend a meeting. B．Give a lecture.
C．Leave his office.
4．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] What is the woman's opinion about the course?
A．Too hard. B．Worth taking.
C．Very easy.
5．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] What does the woman want the man to do?
A．Speak louder. B．Apologize to her.
C．Turn off the radio.
第二节 (共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] How long did Michael stay in China?
A．Five days. B．One week.
C．Two weeks.
7．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] Where did Michael go last year?
A．Russia. B．Norway.
C．India.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] What food does Sally like?
A．Chicken. B．Fish.
C．Eggs.
9．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] What are the speakers going to do?
A．Cook dinner. B．Go shopping.
C．Order dishes.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] Where are the speakers?
A．In a hospital. B．In the office.
C．At home.
11．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] When is the report due?
A．Thursday. B．Friday.
C．Next Monday.
12．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] What does George suggest Stephanie do with the report?
A．Improve it.
B．Hand it in later.
C．Leave it with him.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．Salesperson and customer.
B．Homeowner and cleaner.
C．Husband and wife.
14．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] What kind of apartment do the speakers prefer?
A．One with two bedrooms.
B．One without furniture.
C．One near a market.
15．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] How much rent should one pay for the one­bedroom apartment?
A．$350. B．$400.
C．$415.
16．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] Where is the apartment the speakers would like to see?
A．On Lake Street. B．On Market Street.
C．On South Street.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] What percentage of the world's tea exports go to Britain?
A．Almost 15%. B．About 30%.
C．Over 40%.
18．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] Why do tea taster taste tea with milk?
A．Most British people drink tea that way.
B．Tea tastes much better with milk.
C．Tea with milk is healthy.
19．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] Who suggests a price for each tea?
A．Tea tasters.
B．Tea exporters.
C．Tea companies.
20．[2015·全国卷Ⅱ] What is the speaker talking about?
A．The life of tea tasters.
B．Afternoon tea in Britain.
C．The London Tea Trade Centre.
第二部分　 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
C2[2015·全国卷Ⅱ]
A
My colour television has given me nothing but a headache.I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldn't fit.I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. I realized this a day later，when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy­five dollars less than I had paid.The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed_off for the night. Fortunately, I didn't get any channels showing all­night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.
Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static(静电) noise. For some reason，when certain shows switched into a commercial, a loud noise would sound for a few seconds. Gradually，this noise began to appear during a show, and to get rid of it，I had to change to another channel and then change it back.Sometimes this technique would not work，and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉) shaking my set.
When neither of these methods removed the static noise，I would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away.At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist，and it stopped working altogether.My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now，but I keep expecting more trouble.
21．Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set?
A．He got an older model than he had expected.
B．He couldn't return it when it was broken.
C．He could have bought it at a lower price.
D．He failed to find any movie shows on it.
22．Which of the following can best replace the phrase“signed off” in Paragraph 1?
A．ended all their programmes
B．provided fewer channels
C．changed to commercials
D．showed all­night movies
23．How did the author finally get his TV set working again?
A．By shaking and hitting it.
B．By turning it on and off.
C．By switching channels.
D．By having it repaired.
24. How does the author sound when telling the story?
A．Curious.
B．Anxious.
C．Cautious.
D．Humorous.
【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了作者认为自己受到了售货员的欺骗，购买了一台彩电，它不但价格昂贵，而且还出现了静电噪声。虽然作者采取各种措施消除这种噪声，但是都没有效果。最后作者花了几乎和电视机一样多的钱对电视机进行了修理。
21. C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的 “I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. I realized this a day later，when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy­five dollars less than I had paid.”可知作者本来可以以更低的价格购买这台彩电，故选C项。
22. A　 词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“Fortunately, I didn't get any channels showing all­night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.”可知作者庆幸自己没有整夜播放电影的频道，那样的话，节目就完不了，自己就不能睡觉了，因此可推出sign off意为“(电视节目)结束播映”。
23. D　细节理解题。文章的最后一句“My trip to the repair shop cost me $62, and the set is working well now…”证明了作者最后只好去花钱修理电视机。
24. D　推理判断题。这是一道推理作者讲述故事的时候，以什么口吻来讲述的试题。文章中第一段提到“Fortunately, I didn't get any channels showing all­night movies or I would never have gotten to bed.”；第二段提到当作者不断地摇晃电视来消除噪声的时候， 作者说了“I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉)…”。这些都体现了作者幽默的叙述手法。故选择D项。
C7[2015·全国卷Ⅱ]
B
Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.
Open the curtains and turn up the lights. Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating, for people are often less self­conscious(难为情)when they're in poorly lit places—and so more likely to eat lots of food. If your home doesn't have enough window light, get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.
Mind the colours. Research suggests warm colours fuel our appetites. In one study, people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 per cent less than those in a yellow or red room. Warm colours like yellow make food appear more appetizing, while cold colours make us feel less hungry. So when it's time to repaint, go blue.
Don't forget the clock—or the radio. People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories(卡路里) per meal than those who rush through their meals. Begin keeping track of the time, and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes. And while you're at it, actually sit down to eat. If you need some help slowing down, turn on relaxing music. It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.
Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 per cent more when using a 12­inch plate instead of a 10­inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one，total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 per cent. And we'll pour about 30 per cent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.
25．The text is especially helpful for those who care about________．
A．their home comforts
B．their body shape
C．house buying
D．healthy diets
26．A home environment in blue can help people________．
A．digest food better
B．reduce food intake
C．burn more calories
D．regain their appetites
27．What are people advised to do at mealtimes?
A．Eat quickly.
B．Play fast music.
C．Use smaller spoons.
D．Turn down the lights.
28．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Is your house making you fat?
B．Ways of serving dinner
C．Effects of self­consciousness
D．Is your home environment relaxing?
【要点综述】 当你在家里吃饭的时候，你是不是担心自己吃得越来越多，正在变胖？快来看看吧，家里的环境包括窗帘和灯的亮度，墙壁的颜色以及吃饭的速度等，都可以影响你的饮食，也许你肥胖的罪魁祸首就在你的家里。
25. B　细节理解题。根据文章的第一段的内容可知，你家的房子可能会影响你的身材。专家说你的房子的设计在使你变胖或者变瘦中发挥着作用。下文几个段落中提到的各种建议，都是关于如何不变胖的，因此B项“体型”与文章的主要内容相符。
26. B　细节理解题。根据文章的第三段中的“…people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 per cent less than those in a yellow or red room.”可知，在蓝色的屋子里吃饭，要比在黄色或者红色的屋子里少吃33%的食物。因此B项 “减少食物摄入量”的说法是正确的。
27. C　细节理解题。根据最后一段 “When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one, total intake(摄入) jumps by 14 per cent.”可知，进餐时选择大的汤匙要比小的汤匙多吃14%的食物，因此建议使用小的汤匙。
28. A　主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了房子的设计布局，房子中的环境，比如亮度、墙壁的颜色，吃饭的时候使用的器皿大小以及吃饭的速度，都影响着一个人的身材。因此阐述了房子与一个人肥胖的关系，A项正确。
C5[2015·全国卷Ⅱ]
C
More students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔年) before going to university.It used to be called the “year off” between school and university.The gap­year phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.
This year, 25，310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service(UCAS)．
That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education. “Students who take a well­planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course. Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible，” he said.
But not everyone is happy. Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students(NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship—young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education. “New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to ￡15，000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree.NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods，” he said.
29. What do we learn about the gap year from the text?
A．It is flexible in length.
B．It is a time for relaxation.
C．It is increasingly popular.
D．It is required by universities.
30. According to Tony Higgins，students taking a gap year________．
A．are better prepared for college studies
B．know a lot more about their future jobs
C．are more likely to leave university in debt
D．have a better chance to enter top universities
31. How does Owain James feel about the gap­year phenomenon?
A．He's puzzled.
B．He's worried.
C．He's surprised.
D．He's annoyed.
32. What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?
A．Attend additional courses.
B．Make plans for the new term.
C．Earn money for their education.
D．Prepare for their graduate studies.
【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了越来越多的学生们在上大学之前采取了“间隔年”的方式，即推迟上大学的时间，在此期间挣钱赚取上学的学费等，以及人们对于这种做法的赞成和反对的观点。
29. C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第三段的第一句可知，采取“间隔年”的学生的人数在不断增加，说明了它越来越受学生们的欢迎，所以选C项。
30. A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Students who take a well­planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course.”可知采取“间隔年”的学生们对于所选择的课程更加满意，更有可能完成这些课程，故A项正确。
31. B　推理判断题。最后一段的 “evidence of student hardship(学生们的艰难)”和“young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education(学生们被迫在完成教育之前挣钱)”，说明了Owain James对此现象的担心，故B项正确。
32. C　细节理解题。根据最后一段的 “NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacation periods…”可知C项正确。
C4[2015·全国卷Ⅱ]
D
Choose your one­day tours!
Tour A—Bath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge—￡ 37 until 26 March and ￡39 thereafter.
Visit the city with over 2，000 years of history and Bath Abbey，the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum.Stonehenge is one of the world's most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5，000 years.
Tour B—Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary's Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's house— ￡ 32 until 12 March and ￡ 36 thereafter.
Oxford: Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges. Look over the “city of dreaming spires(尖顶)” from St Mary's Church Tower. Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.
Tour C—Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace—￡34 until 11 March and ￡37 thereafter.
Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court, Henry Ⅷ's favourite palace. Free time to visit Windsor Castle(entrance fees not included). With 500 years of history, Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen. Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze(迷宫) where it is easy to get lost!
Tour D—Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great—￡33 until 18 March and ￡37 thereafter.
Includes a guided tour of Cambridge, the famous university town, and the gardens of the 18th century.
33．Which tour will you choose if you want to see England's oldest university city?
A．Tour A.
B．Tour B.
C．Tour C.
D．Tour D.
34．Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?
A．Windsor Castle & Hampton Court.
B．Oxford & Stratford.
C．Bath &Stonehenge.
D．Cambridge.
35．Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?
A．It used to be the home of royal families.
B．It used to be a well­known maze.
C．It is the oldest palace in Britain.
D．It is a world­famous castle.
【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了在伦敦进行一日游的四种安排，包括线路、时间、费用以及旅游途中的景点，是否有导游陪伴讲解等内容。
33. B　细节理解题。根据题干中的see England's oldest university city，再根据Tour B中Oxford部分的“Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges.”可知B项正确。
34. D　细节理解题。题目中的核心信息是3月17日费用最少的线路，对比四个旅游景点在3月17日的收费：Tour A: ￡37; Tour B: ￡36; Tour C: ￡37; Tour D: ￡33，由此可知Tour D收费最低，故选D。
35. A　细节理解题。根据Tour C中的“Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen.”可知，汉普顿宫曾经是四个国王和一个王后的宫殿，因此成了主要的旅游景点。故A项正确。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
J1[2015·全国卷Ⅱ]
Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs.__36__，buy the best­fitting，best­built running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair a